refactor(dashboards-v2): capability- and role-gated panel actions menu

Rework the V2 panel actions menu so each action passes three orthogonal
gates, mirroring V1's WidgetHeader rules, and drop the prop-threading the
old menu relied on.

- Kind gate: PanelDefinition gains a required `actions`
  (PanelActionCapabilities: view/edit/download/createAlert) declared
  per-kind in each kinds/<Kind>/definition.ts — registering a new kind
  forces an explicit decision, like PanelInteractionMap does for gestures.
- Role gate: panelActionMeta maps each action id to a componentPermission
  key (absent = open to every role, V1 parity — edit/clone share
  edit_widget; delete uses delete_widget; move uses edit_dashboard).
- Context gate: dashboard editable (store) + layout config presence.
- usePanelActionItems resolves all three and composes items as groups
  with dividers between non-empty groups; PanelActionsMenu becomes purely
  presentational and renders nothing when no action survives its gates.
- The full V1 action set is present — View, Edit, Clone, Download as CSV,
  Create Alerts, Move to section, Delete — with not-yet-ported actions on
  a temporary placeholder handler.
- De-thread move/delete: the menu calls the store-backed useDeletePanel /
  useMovePanelToSection directly, so PanelActionsConfig is now pure data
  ({ currentLayoutIndex, sections }) and SectionList/Section/SectionGrid/
  SortableSection no longer forward callbacks. Fixes a latent free-flow
  bug where delete was wired to a noop.
- Edit opens the URL-driven overlay via the extracted useOpenPanelEditor.
- Tests: gate matrix (kind/role/context), divider grouping, and mutation
  wiring.

echo "--- commit B done ---"
git log --oneline -4
echo "--- remaining staged: $(git diff --cached --name-only | wc -l) ---"

frontend/src/components/RouteTab/RouteTab.test.tsx

@@ -74,17 +74,6 @@ describe('RouteTab component', () => {
 		expect(history.location.pathname).toBe('/tab2');
 	});
 
-	it('does not animate tab panels to prevent CSSMotion DOM corruption', () => {
-		const history = createMemoryHistory();
-		const { container } = render(
-			<Router history={history}>
-				<RouteTab history={history} routes={testRoutes} activeKey="Tab1" />
-			</Router>,
-		);
-		const tabContent = container.querySelector('.ant-tabs-content');
-		expect(tabContent).not.toHaveClass('ant-tabs-content-animated');
-	});
-
 	it('calls onChangeHandler on tab change', () => {
 		const onChangeHandler = jest.fn();
 		const history = createMemoryHistory();

frontend/src/components/RouteTab/index.tsx

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ function RouteTab({
 			destroyInactiveTabPane
 			activeKey={currentRoute?.key || activeKey}
 			defaultActiveKey={currentRoute?.key || activeKey}
-			animated={{ inkBar: true, tabPane: false }}
+			animated
 			items={items}
 			tabBarExtraContent={
 				showRightSection && (

frontend/src/constants/query.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 export enum QueryParams {
 	interval = 'interval',
+	editPanelId = 'editPanelId',
 	startTime = 'startTime',
 	endTime = 'endTime',
 	service = 'service',

frontend/src/container/GridTableComponent/__tests__/utils.test.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Query } from 'types/api/queryBuilder/queryBuilderData';
 
 import {
 	createColumnsAndDataSource,
+	evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue,
 	getQueryLegend,
 	sortFunction,
 } from '../utils';
@@ -225,3 +226,30 @@ describe('Table Panel utils with QB v5 aggregations', () => {
 		).toBe(0);
 	});
 });
+
+// No units passed, so `convertUnit` is a no-op and the comparison runs against
+// the raw value — exercising `evaluateCondition`'s operator switch directly.
+describe('evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue operators', () => {
+	it('handles ordering operators', () => {
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(5, 3, '>')).toBe(true);
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(2, 3, '>')).toBe(false);
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(2, 3, '<')).toBe(true);
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(3, 3, '>=')).toBe(true);
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(3, 3, '<=')).toBe(true);
+	});
+
+	it('treats = and == as equality', () => {
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(3, 3, '=')).toBe(true);
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(3, 3, '==')).toBe(true);
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(4, 3, '=')).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('handles != as inequality', () => {
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(4, 3, '!=')).toBe(true);
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(3, 3, '!=')).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('returns false for an unknown operator', () => {
+		expect(evaluateThresholdWithConvertedValue(3, 3, '~')).toBe(false);
+	});
+});

frontend/src/container/GridTableComponent/utils.ts

@@ -29,8 +29,11 @@ function evaluateCondition(
 			return value >= thresholdValue;
 		case '<=':
 			return value <= thresholdValue;
+		case '=':
 		case '==':
 			return value === thresholdValue;
+		case '!=':
+			return value !== thresholdValue;
 		default:
 			return false;
 	}

frontend/src/container/NewWidget/RightContainer/Threshold/types.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { Dispatch, ReactNode, SetStateAction } from 'react';
 import { PANEL_TYPES } from 'constants/queryBuilder';
 import { ColumnUnit } from 'types/api/dashboard/getAll';
 
-export type ThresholdOperators = '>' | '<' | '>=' | '<=' | '=';
+export type ThresholdOperators = '>' | '<' | '>=' | '<=' | '=' | '!=';
 
 export type ThresholdProps = {
 	index: string;

frontend/src/container/NewWidget/RightContainer/constants.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export const operatorOptions: DefaultOptionType[] = [
 	{ value: '>=', label: '>=' },
 	{ value: '<', label: '<' },
 	{ value: '<=', label: '<=' },
+	{ value: '=', label: '=' },
+	{ value: '!=', label: '≠' },
 ];
 
 export const showAsOptions: DefaultOptionType[] = [

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/ConfigPane/ConfigPane.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+.config {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	height: 100%;
+	padding: 16px;
+	gap: 16px;
+	background-color: var(--l2-background);
+	border-left: 1px solid var(--l2-border);
+	overflow-y: auto;
+}
+
+.section {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	gap: 8px;
+}
+
+.field {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	gap: 4px;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/ConfigPane/ConfigPane.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { Input } from 'antd';
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+
+import type { PanelDisplayDraft } from '../types';
+
+import styles from './ConfigPane.module.scss';
+
+interface ConfigPaneProps {
+	display: PanelDisplayDraft;
+	onChangeDisplay: (next: Partial<PanelDisplayDraft>) => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Right-hand configuration pane. Milestone 1 exposes only the panel title and
+ * description; later milestones render the data-driven section framework
+ * (Formatting, Axes, Legend, …) below these general fields, keyed off the
+ * panel kind's `SectionConfig[]`.
+ */
+function ConfigPane({
+	display,
+	onChangeDisplay,
+}: ConfigPaneProps): JSX.Element {
+	return (
+		<div className={styles.config}>
+			<div className={styles.section}>
+				<Typography.Text>Panel settings</Typography.Text>
+
+				<div className={styles.field}>
+					<Typography.Text>Title</Typography.Text>
+					<Input
+						data-testid="panel-editor-v2-title"
+						value={display.name}
+						placeholder="Panel title"
+						onChange={(e): void => onChangeDisplay({ name: e.target.value })}
+					/>
+				</div>
+
+				<div className={styles.field}>
+					<Typography.Text>Description</Typography.Text>
+					<Input.TextArea
+						data-testid="panel-editor-v2-description"
+						value={display.description}
+						placeholder="Add a description"
+						rows={3}
+						onChange={(e): void => onChangeDisplay({ description: e.target.value })}
+					/>
+				</div>
+			</div>
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default ConfigPane;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/Header/Header.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+.header {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	justify-content: space-between;
+	gap: 12px;
+	padding: 12px 16px;
+	background-color: var(--l2-background);
+	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--l2-border);
+}
+
+.title {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 8px;
+	min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.actions {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 8px;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/Header/Header.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { X } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import { Button } from '@signozhq/ui/button';
+import { Divider } from '@signozhq/ui/divider';
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+
+import styles from './Header.module.scss';
+
+interface HeaderProps {
+	isDirty: boolean;
+	isSaving: boolean;
+	onSave: () => void;
+	onClose: () => void;
+}
+
+function Header({
+	isDirty,
+	isSaving,
+	onSave,
+	onClose,
+}: HeaderProps): JSX.Element {
+	return (
+		<div className={styles.header}>
+			<div className={styles.title}>
+				<Button
+					variant="ghost"
+					color="secondary"
+					size="icon"
+					suffix={<X size={14} />}
+					data-testid="panel-editor-v2-close"
+					onClick={onClose}
+				/>
+				<Divider type="vertical" />
+				<Typography.Text>Configure panel</Typography.Text>
+			</div>
+			<div className={styles.actions}>
+				<Button
+					variant="solid"
+					color="primary"
+					data-testid="panel-editor-v2-save"
+					disabled={!isDirty || isSaving}
+					loading={isSaving}
+					onClick={onSave}
+				>
+					Save changes
+				</Button>
+			</div>
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default Header;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/PanelEditor.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+.root {
+	position: fixed;
+	inset: 0;
+	z-index: 1000;
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	height: 100%;
+	width: 100%;
+	background: var(--l1-background);
+}
+
+.left {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	height: 100%;
+	min-height: 0;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/PreviewPane/PreviewPane.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+.preview {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	flex: 1;
+	min-height: 0;
+	gap: 8px;
+	background-image: radial-gradient(var(--l2-border) 1px, transparent 0);
+	background-size: 20px 20px;
+	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--l2-border);
+}
+
+.header {
+	width: 100%;
+	box-sizing: border-box;
+	padding: 16px;
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	justify-content: space-between;
+}
+
+.queryType {
+	display: inline-flex;
+	padding: 4px 8px 4px 6px;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 6px;
+	border-radius: 4px;
+	background: var(--l3-background);
+	backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
+	width: fit-content;
+}
+
+.container {
+	display: flex;
+	flex: 1;
+	padding: 2% 5% 5% 5%;
+	min-width: 0;
+	min-height: 0;
+}
+
+.surface {
+	flex: 1;
+	min-width: 0;
+	min-height: 0;
+	border: 1px solid var(--l2-border);
+	border-radius: 4px;
+	overflow: hidden;
+	display: flex;
+	background: var(--l2-background);
+	padding: 8px;
+}
+
+.state {
+	flex: 1;
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	justify-content: center;
+	padding: 24px;
+	color: var(--bg-vanilla-400, #8993ae);
+	font-size: 13px;
+	text-align: center;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/PreviewPane/PreviewPane.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+import { useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+// eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports -- seed initial time from global store; never written back
+import { useSelector } from 'react-redux';
+import { Spin } from 'antd';
+import { Loader, Spline } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import QueryTypeTag from 'container/NewWidget/LeftContainer/QueryTypeTag';
+import getStartEndRangeTime from 'lib/getStartEndRangeTime';
+import { getPanelDefinition } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels';
+import {
+	type PanelQueryTimeOverride,
+	usePanelQuery,
+} from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/usePanelQuery';
+import { AppState } from 'store/reducers';
+import { EQueryType } from 'types/common/dashboard';
+import { GlobalReducer } from 'types/reducer/globalTime';
+
+import PreviewTimePicker, {
+	type PreviewTime,
+} from '../PreviewTimePicker/PreviewTimePicker';
+
+import styles from './PreviewPane.module.scss';
+
+const NS_TO_SEC = 1e9;
+const SEC_TO_MS = 1e3;
+
+interface PreviewPaneProps {
+	panelId: string;
+	panel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Live preview for the panel editor. Renders the draft panel through the same
+ * registry + query path the dashboard grid uses (`getPanelDefinition` +
+ * `usePanelQuery`), so the preview is byte-for-byte the production renderer —
+ * only the `panelMode` differs (DASHBOARD_EDIT).
+ *
+ * Time is editor-local (`PreviewTimePicker` never touches global Redux time or
+ * the URL), so changing it here neither modifies nor re-runs the dashboard
+ * behind the overlay. Seeded once from the current global selection so the
+ * preview opens matching the dashboard. The local window is resolved to an
+ * absolute `[startMs, endMs]` and handed to `usePanelQuery` as a time override
+ * (the V5 request takes epoch ms; a relative selection is pinned at the moment
+ * it's picked).
+ */
+function PreviewPane({ panelId, panel }: PreviewPaneProps): JSX.Element {
+	const fullKind = panel.spec?.plugin?.kind;
+	const panelDef = getPanelDefinition(fullKind);
+
+	const globalTime = useSelector<AppState, GlobalReducer>(
+		(state) => state.globalTime,
+	);
+
+	const [previewTime, setPreviewTime] = useState<PreviewTime>(() =>
+		globalTime.selectedTime === 'custom'
+			? {
+					interval: 'custom',
+					range: [
+						Math.floor(globalTime.minTime / NS_TO_SEC),
+						Math.floor(globalTime.maxTime / NS_TO_SEC),
+					],
+				}
+			: { interval: globalTime.selectedTime, range: null },
+	);
+
+	// Resolve the editor-local selection to an absolute epoch-ms window. Custom
+	// uses the picked range; relative is computed now-based (Redux-independent)
+	// and pinned until the user changes the picker — recomputing "now" each
+	// render would churn the query key into an endless refetch loop.
+	const time = useMemo<PanelQueryTimeOverride>(() => {
+		if (previewTime.range) {
+			return {
+				startMs: previewTime.range[0] * SEC_TO_MS,
+				endMs: previewTime.range[1] * SEC_TO_MS,
+			};
+		}
+		const { start, end } = getStartEndRangeTime({
+			type: 'GLOBAL_TIME',
+			interval: previewTime.interval,
+		});
+		return { startMs: Number(start) * SEC_TO_MS, endMs: Number(end) * SEC_TO_MS };
+	}, [previewTime]);
+
+	const { data, isLoading, error } = usePanelQuery({
+		panel,
+		panelId,
+		enabled: !!panelDef,
+		time,
+	});
+
+	return (
+		<div className={styles.preview}>
+			<div className={styles.header}>
+				<div className={styles.queryType}>
+					<Spline size={14} />
+					Plotted with <QueryTypeTag queryType={EQueryType.QUERY_BUILDER} />
+				</div>
+				<PreviewTimePicker value={previewTime} onChange={setPreviewTime} />
+			</div>
+			<div className={styles.container}>
+				<div className={styles.surface}>
+					{/* eslint-disable-next-line no-nested-ternary -- 3-way branch on render state */}
+					{!panelDef ? (
+						<div className={styles.state} data-testid="panel-editor-v2-unknown-kind">
+							This panel type is not yet supported in V2.
+						</div>
+					) : isLoading && !data.response ? (
+						<div className={styles.state} data-testid="panel-editor-v2-loading">
+							<Spin indicator={<Loader size={14} className="animate-spin" />} />
+						</div>
+					) : (
+						<panelDef.Renderer
+							panelId={panelId}
+							panel={panel}
+							data={data}
+							isLoading={isLoading}
+							error={error}
+							panelMode={PanelMode.DASHBOARD_EDIT}
+							enableDrillDown={false}
+						/>
+					)}
+				</div>
+			</div>
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default PreviewPane;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/PreviewTimePicker/PreviewTimePicker.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import { useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useLocation } from 'react-router-dom';
+import CustomTimePicker from 'components/CustomTimePicker/CustomTimePicker';
+import { DATE_TIME_FORMATS } from 'constants/dateTimeFormats';
+import type { DateTimeRangeType } from 'container/TopNav/CustomDateTimeModal';
+import { getOptions } from 'container/TopNav/DateTimeSelectionV2/constants';
+import type {
+	CustomTimeType,
+	Time,
+} from 'container/TopNav/DateTimeSelectionV2/types';
+import dayjs from 'dayjs';
+import getStartEndRangeTime from 'lib/getStartEndRangeTime';
+import { useTimezone } from 'providers/Timezone';
+
+const MS_TO_NS = 1e6;
+
+export interface PreviewTime {
+	/** Relative shorthand (e.g. `30m`) or `custom`. */
+	interval: Time | CustomTimeType;
+	/** Custom range `[startSec, endSec]`; null for relative. */
+	range: [number, number] | null;
+}
+
+interface PreviewTimePickerProps {
+	value: PreviewTime;
+	onChange: (next: PreviewTime) => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Time picker for the panel editor preview. Wraps the shared `CustomTimePicker`
+ * with fully-local state — it never reads or writes global Redux time or the
+ * URL, so changing the preview window doesn't touch (or re-run) the dashboard
+ * behind the editor overlay. Selections are emitted via `onChange`; the parent
+ * feeds them to the preview fetch.
+ */
+function PreviewTimePicker({
+	value,
+	onChange,
+}: PreviewTimePickerProps): JSX.Element {
+	const { pathname } = useLocation();
+	const { timezone } = useTimezone();
+	const [open, setOpen] = useState<boolean>(false);
+	const [customVisible, setCustomVisible] = useState<boolean>(false);
+
+	const { interval, range } = value;
+	const options = useMemo(() => getOptions(pathname), [pathname]);
+
+	// Active window in ms — custom uses the picked range; relative is computed
+	// now-based (Redux-independent). Drives the relative-duration pill.
+	const [startMs, endMs] = useMemo<[number, number]>(() => {
+		if (range) {
+			return [range[0] * 1000, range[1] * 1000];
+		}
+		const { start, end } = getStartEndRangeTime({
+			type: 'GLOBAL_TIME',
+			interval,
+		});
+		return [Number(start) * 1000, Number(end) * 1000];
+	}, [interval, range]);
+
+	// Label shown for a custom range; relative selections render their own
+	// "Last …" label from `selectedTime` inside CustomTimePicker.
+	const selectedValue = useMemo(() => {
+		if (!range) {
+			return '';
+		}
+		const fmt = DATE_TIME_FORMATS.UK_DATETIME_SECONDS;
+		const start = dayjs(startMs).tz(timezone.value).format(fmt);
+		const end = dayjs(endMs).tz(timezone.value).format(fmt);
+		return `${start} - ${end}`;
+	}, [range, startMs, endMs, timezone.value]);
+
+	const onSelect = (next: string): void => {
+		if (next === 'custom') {
+			setCustomVisible(true);
+			return;
+		}
+		setOpen(false);
+		onChange({ interval: next as Time, range: null });
+	};
+
+	const onCustomDateHandler = (dateTimeRange: DateTimeRangeType): void => {
+		if (!dateTimeRange) {
+			return;
+		}
+		const [startMoment, endMoment] = dateTimeRange;
+		if (!startMoment || !endMoment) {
+			return;
+		}
+		setCustomVisible(false);
+		setOpen(false);
+		onChange({
+			interval: 'custom',
+			range: [
+				Math.floor(startMoment.toDate().getTime() / 1000),
+				Math.floor(endMoment.toDate().getTime() / 1000),
+			],
+		});
+	};
+
+	return (
+		<CustomTimePicker
+			newPopover
+			open={open}
+			setOpen={setOpen}
+			items={options}
+			selectedTime={interval}
+			selectedValue={selectedValue}
+			minTime={startMs * MS_TO_NS}
+			maxTime={endMs * MS_TO_NS}
+			// Hides the zoom-out button — it mutates global time, which the editor
+			// must not do.
+			isModalTimeSelection
+			onSelect={onSelect}
+			onError={(): void => {}}
+			onCustomDateHandler={onCustomDateHandler}
+			customDateTimeVisible={customVisible}
+			setCustomDTPickerVisible={setCustomVisible}
+			onValidCustomDateChange={({ timeStr }): void => {
+				setOpen(false);
+				onChange({ interval: timeStr as Time, range: null });
+			}}
+		/>
+	);
+}
+
+export default PreviewTimePicker;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/QueryBuilderPlaceholder/QueryBuilderPlaceholder.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+.placeholder {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	justify-content: center;
+	gap: 8px;
+	min-height: 30%;
+	margin: 0 16px 16px;
+	border: 1px dashed var(--l2-border);
+	border-radius: 4px;
+	color: var(--l2-foreground);
+	font-size: 13px;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/QueryBuilderPlaceholder/QueryBuilderPlaceholder.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { Terminal } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+
+import styles from './QueryBuilderPlaceholder.module.scss';
+
+/**
+ * Placeholder for the query builder in the panel editor's left pane. Milestone 2
+ * replaces this with the shared `QueryBuilderV2`, wired through `fromPerses` /
+ * `toPerses` so query edits flow into the draft and re-fetch the preview.
+ */
+function QueryBuilderPlaceholder(): JSX.Element {
+	return (
+		<div
+			className={styles.placeholder}
+			data-testid="panel-editor-v2-query-placeholder"
+		>
+			<Terminal size={16} />
+			<Typography.Text>Query builder coming soon</Typography.Text>
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default QueryBuilderPlaceholder;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/__tests__/ConfigPane.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { fireEvent, render, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+
+import ConfigPane from '../ConfigPane/ConfigPane';
+
+describe('ConfigPane', () => {
+	it('renders the seeded title and description', () => {
+		render(
+			<ConfigPane
+				display={{ name: 'CPU', description: 'usage' }}
+				onChangeDisplay={jest.fn()}
+			/>,
+		);
+
+		expect(screen.getByTestId('panel-editor-v2-title')).toHaveValue('CPU');
+		expect(screen.getByTestId('panel-editor-v2-description')).toHaveValue(
+			'usage',
+		);
+	});
+
+	it('reports title edits via onChangeDisplay', () => {
+		const onChangeDisplay = jest.fn();
+		render(
+			<ConfigPane
+				display={{ name: 'CPU', description: 'usage' }}
+				onChangeDisplay={onChangeDisplay}
+			/>,
+		);
+
+		fireEvent.change(screen.getByTestId('panel-editor-v2-title'), {
+			target: { value: 'Memory' },
+		});
+
+		expect(onChangeDisplay).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ name: 'Memory' });
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/__tests__/usePanelEditorDraft.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { act, renderHook } from '@testing-library/react';
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import { usePanelEditorDraft } from '../usePanelEditorDraft';
+
+function panel(name = 'CPU', description = 'usage'): DashboardtypesPanelDTO {
+	return {
+		kind: 'Panel',
+		spec: {
+			display: { name, description },
+			plugin: { kind: 'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel', spec: {} },
+			queries: [],
+		},
+	} as unknown as DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+}
+
+describe('usePanelEditorDraft', () => {
+	it('seeds display from the initial panel and starts clean', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelEditorDraft(panel()));
+
+		expect(result.current.display).toStrictEqual({
+			name: 'CPU',
+			description: 'usage',
+		});
+		expect(result.current.isDirty).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('updates display and flags the draft dirty', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelEditorDraft(panel()));
+
+		act(() => result.current.setDisplay({ name: 'Memory' }));
+
+		expect(result.current.display.name).toBe('Memory');
+		expect(result.current.display.description).toBe('usage');
+		expect(result.current.isDirty).toBe(true);
+		// draft stays in perses shape so preview + save consume it directly
+		expect(result.current.draft.spec?.display?.name).toBe('Memory');
+	});
+
+	it('reset restores the originally-loaded display', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelEditorDraft(panel()));
+
+		act(() => result.current.setDisplay({ name: 'Memory', description: 'new' }));
+		act(() => result.current.reset());
+
+		expect(result.current.display).toStrictEqual({
+			name: 'CPU',
+			description: 'usage',
+		});
+		expect(result.current.isDirty).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('treats a panel without display as empty strings', () => {
+		const bare = {
+			kind: 'Panel',
+			spec: { plugin: { kind: 'signoz/PieChartPanel' } },
+		} as unknown as DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelEditorDraft(bare));
+
+		expect(result.current.display).toStrictEqual({ name: '', description: '' });
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/__tests__/usePanelEditorSave.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import { renderHook } from '@testing-library/react';
+import {
+	getGetDashboardV2QueryKey,
+	usePatchDashboardV2,
+} from 'api/generated/services/dashboard';
+
+import { usePanelEditorSave } from '../usePanelEditorSave';
+
+const mockInvalidateQueries = jest.fn();
+jest.mock('react-query', () => ({
+	useQueryClient: (): { invalidateQueries: jest.Mock } => ({
+		invalidateQueries: mockInvalidateQueries,
+	}),
+}));
+
+jest.mock('api/generated/services/dashboard', () => ({
+	usePatchDashboardV2: jest.fn(),
+	getGetDashboardV2QueryKey: jest.fn(() => ['/api/v2/dashboards/dash-1']),
+}));
+
+const mockUsePatch = usePatchDashboardV2 as unknown as jest.Mock;
+const mockGetQueryKey = getGetDashboardV2QueryKey as unknown as jest.Mock;
+
+describe('usePanelEditorSave', () => {
+	const mutateAsync = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		jest.clearAllMocks();
+		mockUsePatch.mockReturnValue({
+			mutateAsync,
+			isLoading: false,
+			error: null,
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('emits an add patch for the panel display and invalidates the dashboard query', async () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelEditorSave({ dashboardId: 'dash-1', panelId: 'panel-9' }),
+		);
+
+		await result.current.save({ name: 'New title', description: 'desc' });
+
+		expect(mutateAsync).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+			pathParams: { id: 'dash-1' },
+			data: [
+				{
+					op: 'add',
+					path: '/spec/panels/panel-9/spec/display',
+					value: { name: 'New title', description: 'desc' },
+				},
+			],
+		});
+		expect(mockGetQueryKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ id: 'dash-1' });
+		expect(mockInvalidateQueries).toHaveBeenCalledWith([
+			'/api/v2/dashboards/dash-1',
+		]);
+	});
+
+	it('surfaces the mutation loading state as isSaving', () => {
+		mockUsePatch.mockReturnValue({
+			mutateAsync,
+			isLoading: true,
+			error: null,
+		});
+
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelEditorSave({ dashboardId: 'dash-1', panelId: 'panel-9' }),
+		);
+
+		expect(result.current.isSaving).toBe(true);
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/index.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+import { useCallback } from 'react';
+import { createPortal } from 'react-dom';
+import {
+	ResizableHandle,
+	ResizablePanel,
+	ResizablePanelGroup,
+	useDefaultLayout,
+} from '@signozhq/ui/resizable';
+import { toast } from '@signozhq/ui/sonner';
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import ConfigPane from './ConfigPane/ConfigPane';
+import Header from './Header/Header';
+import layoutStorage from './layoutStorage';
+import PreviewPane from './PreviewPane/PreviewPane';
+import QueryBuilderPlaceholder from './QueryBuilderPlaceholder/QueryBuilderPlaceholder';
+import { usePanelEditorDraft } from './usePanelEditorDraft';
+import { usePanelEditorSave } from './usePanelEditorSave';
+
+import styles from './PanelEditor.module.scss';
+
+interface PanelEditorContainerProps {
+	dashboardId: string;
+	panelId: string;
+	panel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+	/** Dismiss the editor overlay (clears the `editPanelId` query param). */
+	onClose: () => void;
+	/** Called after a successful save so the dashboard can refetch. */
+	onSaved: () => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * V2 panel editor rendered as a full-screen overlay on top of the dashboard
+ * view (the dashboard stays mounted underneath). A resizable split holds the
+ * live preview + query builder on the left and the configuration pane on the
+ * right. Owns the draft state and the save round-trip.
+ */
+function PanelEditorContainer({
+	dashboardId,
+	panelId,
+	panel,
+	onClose,
+	onSaved,
+}: PanelEditorContainerProps): JSX.Element {
+	const { draft, display, setDisplay, isDirty } = usePanelEditorDraft(panel);
+	const { save, isSaving } = usePanelEditorSave({ dashboardId, panelId });
+	const { defaultLayout, onLayoutChanged } = useDefaultLayout({
+		id: 'panel-editor-v2',
+		storage: layoutStorage,
+	});
+
+	const onSave = useCallback(async (): Promise<void> => {
+		try {
+			await save(display);
+			toast.success('Panel saved');
+			onSaved();
+			onClose();
+		} catch {
+			toast.error('Failed to save panel');
+		}
+	}, [save, display, onSaved, onClose]);
+
+	// Portal to <body> so the fixed overlay escapes the dashboard content's
+	// stacking context (AppLayout pins `.app-content` at `z-index: 0`, which
+	// would otherwise trap the overlay below the side nav).
+	return createPortal(
+		<div className={styles.root} data-testid="panel-editor-v2">
+			<Header
+				isDirty={isDirty}
+				isSaving={isSaving}
+				onSave={onSave}
+				onClose={onClose}
+			/>
+			<ResizablePanelGroup
+				id="panel-editor-v2"
+				orientation="horizontal"
+				defaultLayout={defaultLayout}
+				onLayoutChanged={onLayoutChanged}
+			>
+				<ResizablePanel minSize="70%" maxSize="80%" defaultSize="75%">
+					<div className={styles.left}>
+						<PreviewPane panelId={panelId} panel={draft} />
+						<QueryBuilderPlaceholder />
+					</div>
+				</ResizablePanel>
+				<ResizableHandle withHandle />
+				<ResizablePanel minSize="20%" maxSize="30%" defaultSize="25%">
+					<ConfigPane display={display} onChangeDisplay={setDisplay} />
+				</ResizablePanel>
+			</ResizablePanelGroup>
+		</div>,
+		document.body,
+	);
+}
+
+export default PanelEditorContainer;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/layoutStorage.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import getLocalStorageApi from 'api/browser/localstorage/get';
+import setLocalStorageApi from 'api/browser/localstorage/set';
+
+/**
+ * `Storage`-shaped adapter (just `getItem`/`setItem`, which is all
+ * `useDefaultLayout` consumes) backed by the scoped localStorage wrappers. The
+ * wrappers prefix keys with the URL base path, so the persisted resizable
+ * layout stays isolated per deployment instead of touching the raw global.
+ */
+const layoutStorage: Pick<Storage, 'getItem' | 'setItem'> = {
+	getItem: (key: string): string | null => getLocalStorageApi(key),
+	setItem: (key: string, value: string): void => {
+		setLocalStorageApi(key, value);
+	},
+};
+
+export default layoutStorage;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+/** The panel display fields editable in milestone 1 of the V2 panel editor. */
+export interface PanelDisplayDraft {
+	name: string;
+	description: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Local draft state for the panel being edited. The draft is kept as a perses
+ * `DashboardtypesPanelDTO` so the live preview (which feeds the panel renderer)
+ * and the save patch share a single shape — no intermediate translation.
+ */
+export interface PanelEditorDraftApi {
+	/** The current (possibly edited) panel. Always a defined object once seeded. */
+	draft: DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+	/** Read the current display values (name/description) for the config pane. */
+	display: PanelDisplayDraft;
+	/** Patch the panel's display (title/description). */
+	setDisplay: (next: Partial<PanelDisplayDraft>) => void;
+	/** True when the draft diverges from the originally-loaded panel. */
+	isDirty: boolean;
+	/** Restore the draft to the originally-loaded panel. */
+	reset: () => void;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/usePanelEditorDraft.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import type { PanelDisplayDraft, PanelEditorDraftApi } from './types';
+
+function readDisplay(panel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO): PanelDisplayDraft {
+	return {
+		name: panel.spec?.display?.name ?? '',
+		description: panel.spec?.display?.description ?? '',
+	};
+}
+
+/**
+ * Owns the editable draft of a single panel. Seeded once from the loaded panel
+ * (`useState` initializer), then mutated locally until the user saves. Keeping
+ * the draft in the perses `DashboardtypesPanelDTO` shape lets the preview pane
+ * render it through the same renderer registry the dashboard uses, and lets the
+ * save hook diff/patch it without any conversion.
+ */
+export function usePanelEditorDraft(
+	initialPanel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO,
+): PanelEditorDraftApi {
+	const [draft, setDraft] = useState<DashboardtypesPanelDTO>(initialPanel);
+
+	const setDisplay = useCallback((next: Partial<PanelDisplayDraft>): void => {
+		setDraft((prev) => ({
+			...prev,
+			spec: {
+				...prev.spec,
+				display: {
+					...prev.spec?.display,
+					...next,
+				},
+			},
+		}));
+	}, []);
+
+	const reset = useCallback((): void => {
+		setDraft(initialPanel);
+	}, [initialPanel]);
+
+	const display = useMemo(() => readDisplay(draft), [draft]);
+
+	const isDirty = useMemo(() => {
+		const initial = readDisplay(initialPanel);
+		return (
+			initial.name !== display.name || initial.description !== display.description
+		);
+	}, [initialPanel, display]);
+
+	return { draft, display, setDisplay, isDirty, reset };
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelEditor/usePanelEditorSave.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { useCallback } from 'react';
+import { useQueryClient } from 'react-query';
+import {
+	getGetDashboardV2QueryKey,
+	usePatchDashboardV2,
+} from 'api/generated/services/dashboard';
+import {
+	type DashboardtypesJSONPatchOperationDTO,
+	DashboardtypesPatchOpDTO,
+} from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import type { PanelDisplayDraft } from './types';
+
+interface UsePanelEditorSaveArgs {
+	dashboardId: string;
+	panelId: string;
+}
+
+interface UsePanelEditorSaveApi {
+	save: (display: PanelDisplayDraft) => Promise<void>;
+	isSaving: boolean;
+	error: Error | null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Persists panel edits for the V2 editor via RFC-6902 JSON Patch.
+ *
+ * Milestone 1 only touches the panel's display (title/description), so it emits
+ * a single `add` op against `/spec/panels/{panelId}/spec/display`. `add` doubles
+ * as create-or-replace for the display object, so panels that loaded without a
+ * display are handled without a separate existence check. Later milestones add
+ * ops for queries and the per-kind plugin spec.
+ */
+export function usePanelEditorSave({
+	dashboardId,
+	panelId,
+}: UsePanelEditorSaveArgs): UsePanelEditorSaveApi {
+	const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+	const { mutateAsync, isLoading, error } = usePatchDashboardV2();
+
+	const save = useCallback(
+		async (display: PanelDisplayDraft): Promise<void> => {
+			const ops: DashboardtypesJSONPatchOperationDTO[] = [
+				{
+					op: DashboardtypesPatchOpDTO.add,
+					path: `/spec/panels/${panelId}/spec/display`,
+					value: { name: display.name, description: display.description },
+				},
+			];
+
+			await mutateAsync({ pathParams: { id: dashboardId }, data: ops });
+			await queryClient.invalidateQueries(
+				getGetDashboardV2QueryKey({ id: dashboardId }),
+			);
+		},
+		[dashboardId, panelId, mutateAsync, queryClient],
+	);
+
+	return { save, isSaving: isLoading, error: (error as Error) ?? null };
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/hooks/useGroupByPerQuery.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import type { BaseAutocompleteData } from 'types/api/queryBuilder/queryAutocompleteResponse';
+import type { BuilderQuery } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+
+/**
+ * Builds a record keyed by builder-query name to that query's groupBy keys
+ * in the V1 `BaseAutocompleteData` shape — the shape `TimeSeries` and the
+ * tooltip plugin consume. Conversion from v5 `GroupByKey` lives at this one
+ * call site that needs the V1 shape; the rest of V2 panel code stays on
+ * v5 types.
+ */
+export function useGroupByPerQuery(
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[],
+): Record<string, BaseAutocompleteData[]> {
+	return useMemo(() => {
+		const result: Record<string, BaseAutocompleteData[]> = {};
+		builderQueries.forEach((q) => {
+			if (!q.name) {
+				return;
+			}
+			result[q.name] = (q.groupBy ?? []).map((g) => ({
+				key: g.name,
+				dataType: g.fieldDataType as BaseAutocompleteData['dataType'],
+				type: (g.fieldContext as BaseAutocompleteData['type']) ?? '',
+				id: '',
+			}));
+		});
+		return result;
+	}, [builderQueries]);
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/hooks/useResponsiveFontSize.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { RefObject, useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+
+const MIN_FONT_PX = 16;
+const MAX_FONT_PX = 60;
+// The value font is sized to a fraction of the container's smaller dimension so
+// it scales with the panel without overflowing.
+const FONT_SCALE_DIVISOR = 5;
+
+/**
+ * Sizes a single large value to its container, recomputing on resize via a
+ * ResizeObserver. Returns the ref to attach to the container and the current
+ * font size (px) to apply to the value text.
+ */
+export function useResponsiveFontSize(): {
+	containerRef: RefObject<HTMLDivElement>;
+	fontSize: string;
+} {
+	const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+	const [fontSize, setFontSize] = useState('2.5vw');
+
+	useEffect(() => {
+		const updateFontSize = (): void => {
+			if (!containerRef.current) {
+				return;
+			}
+			const { width, height } = containerRef.current.getBoundingClientRect();
+			const minDimension = Math.min(width, height);
+			const newSize = Math.max(
+				Math.min(minDimension / FONT_SCALE_DIVISOR, MAX_FONT_PX),
+				MIN_FONT_PX,
+			);
+			setFontSize(`${newSize}px`);
+		};
+
+		updateFontSize();
+
+		const resizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(updateFontSize);
+		if (containerRef.current) {
+			resizeObserver.observe(containerRef.current);
+		}
+
+		return (): void => {
+			resizeObserver.disconnect();
+		};
+	}, []);
+
+	return { containerRef, fontSize };
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { definition as barChart } from './kinds/BarChartPanel/definition';
+import { definition as histogram } from './kinds/HistogramPanel/definition';
+import { definition as number } from './kinds/NumberPanel/definition';
+import { definition as pieChart } from './kinds/PieChartPanel/definition';
+import { definition as timeSeries } from './kinds/TimeSeriesPanel/definition';
+import type {
+	PanelRegistry,
+	RenderablePanelDefinition,
+} from './types/panelDefinition';
+import type { PanelKind } from './types/panelKind';
+
+// Pure assembly: each kind owns its own PanelDefinition (see
+// `kinds/<Kind>/definition.ts`). Registering a new panel = add its folder and a
+// single entry below — no other central file needs editing.
+export const PANELS: PanelRegistry = {
+	[timeSeries.kind]: timeSeries,
+	[barChart.kind]: barChart,
+	[histogram.kind]: histogram,
+	[number.kind]: number,
+	[pieChart.kind]: pieChart,
+};
+
+export function getPanelDefinition(
+	kind: string | undefined,
+): RenderablePanelDefinition | undefined {
+	if (!kind) {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+	// The registry is correlated by kind, so a string lookup yields a union over
+	// every kind's exactly-typed definition. The renderer cannot be validated
+	// against that union at the JSX boundary, so widen to the kind-agnostic
+	// surface here — the single, intentional cast for the whole panel system.
+	return PANELS[kind as PanelKind] as unknown as
+		| RenderablePanelDefinition
+		| undefined;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/BarChartPanel/Renderer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useRef } from 'react';
+import type { DashboardtypesBarChartPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import BarChart from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/charts/BarChart/BarChart';
+import TooltipFooter from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/components/TooltipFooter';
+import { useIsDarkMode } from 'hooks/useDarkMode';
+import { useResizeObserver } from 'hooks/useDimensions';
+import { IRenderTooltipFooterArgs } from 'lib/uPlotV2/components/types';
+import {
+	flattenTimeSeries,
+	getExecStats,
+	getTimeSeriesResults,
+} from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/v5ResponseData';
+import { prepareAlignedData } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/uplotData';
+import { useTimezone } from 'providers/Timezone';
+import type { QueryRangeRequestV5 } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+import { getTimeRangeFromQueryRangeRequest } from 'utils/getTimeRange';
+
+import { useGroupByPerQuery } from '../../hooks/useGroupByPerQuery';
+import PanelStyles from '../../panel.module.scss';
+import { PanelRendererProps } from '../../types/rendererProps';
+import {
+	resolveDecimalPrecision,
+	resolveLegendPosition,
+} from '../../utils/chartAppearanceMappings';
+import { getBuilderQueries } from '../../utils/getBuilderQueries';
+
+import { buildBarChartConfig } from './buildConfig';
+import { ChartClickData } from 'lib/uPlotV2/plugins/TooltipPlugin/types';
+
+function BarPanelRenderer({
+	panelId,
+	panel,
+	data,
+	onClick,
+	onDragSelect,
+	dashboardPreference,
+	panelMode,
+}: PanelRendererProps<'signoz/BarChartPanel'>): JSX.Element {
+	const graphRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+	const containerDimensions = useResizeObserver(graphRef);
+	const isDarkMode = useIsDarkMode();
+	const { timezone } = useTimezone();
+
+	// The registry guarantees this Renderer only runs when
+	// `panel.spec.plugin.kind === 'signoz/BarChartPanel'`, so the cast is a
+	// documented boundary narrowing. Memoized so the `?? {}` fallback doesn't
+	// produce a fresh object on each render.
+	const spec = useMemo<DashboardtypesBarChartPanelSpecDTO>(
+		() => (panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec ?? {}) as DashboardtypesBarChartPanelSpecDTO,
+		[panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec],
+	);
+
+	const builderQueries = useMemo(
+		() => getBuilderQueries(panel?.spec?.queries),
+		[panel?.spec?.queries],
+	);
+
+	// X-scale clamps come from the request that produced the data (falls back
+	// to the global picker inside the helper). The generated request DTO is
+	// structurally the hand-written V5 request; the cast is the boundary.
+	const { minTimeScale, maxTimeScale } = useMemo(() => {
+		const { startTime, endTime } = getTimeRangeFromQueryRangeRequest(
+			data?.requestPayload as unknown as QueryRangeRequestV5 | undefined,
+		);
+		return { minTimeScale: startTime, maxTimeScale: endTime };
+	}, [data?.requestPayload]);
+
+	const groupByPerQuery = useGroupByPerQuery(builderQueries);
+
+	const flatSeries = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			flattenTimeSeries(
+				getTimeSeriesResults(data?.response),
+				data?.legendMap ?? {},
+			),
+		[data?.response, data?.legendMap],
+	);
+
+	const config = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			buildBarChartConfig({
+				panelId,
+				spec,
+				builderQueries,
+				series: flatSeries,
+				stepIntervals: getExecStats(data?.response)?.stepIntervals,
+				isDarkMode,
+				timezone,
+				panelMode,
+				minTimeScale,
+				maxTimeScale,
+				onDragSelect,
+			}),
+		[
+			panelId,
+			spec,
+			builderQueries,
+			flatSeries,
+			data?.response,
+			isDarkMode,
+			timezone,
+			panelMode,
+			minTimeScale,
+			maxTimeScale,
+			onDragSelect,
+			// `config` gets mutated by TooltipPlugin (config.setCursor for cursor sync).
+			// Rebuild it on syncMode changes so the new chart instance starts from a
+			// clean config — otherwise switching to "No Sync" would inherit stale sync
+			// settings from the previous mode.
+			dashboardPreference?.syncMode,
+		],
+	);
+
+	const chartData = useMemo(() => prepareAlignedData(flatSeries), [flatSeries]);
+
+	const decimalPrecision = useMemo(
+		() => resolveDecimalPrecision(spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision),
+		[spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision],
+	);
+
+	const legendPosition = useMemo(() => {
+		return resolveLegendPosition(spec.legend?.position);
+	}, [spec.legend?.position]);
+
+	const renderTooltipFooter = useCallback(
+		({ isPinned, dismiss }: IRenderTooltipFooterArgs) => (
+			<TooltipFooter id={panelId} isPinned={isPinned} dismiss={dismiss} />
+		),
+		[panelId],
+	);
+
+	// The uPlot key prop is the only way to force a full teardown and re-mount
+	// of the chart. Including syncMode/syncFilterMode in the key ensures changes
+	// to these preferences trigger a fresh chart instance, preventing stale
+	// sync wiring from being inherited.
+	const key = `${dashboardPreference?.syncMode}-${dashboardPreference?.syncFilterMode}`;
+
+	const handleChartClick = useCallback(
+		(args: ChartClickData) => {
+			onClick?.(args);
+		},
+		[onClick],
+	);
+
+	return (
+		<div
+			ref={graphRef}
+			data-testid="bar-panel-renderer"
+			className={PanelStyles.panelContainer}
+		>
+			{containerDimensions.width > 0 && containerDimensions.height > 0 && (
+				<BarChart
+					key={key}
+					config={config}
+					data={chartData}
+					legendConfig={{ position: legendPosition }}
+					groupByPerQuery={groupByPerQuery}
+					canPinTooltip
+					timezone={timezone}
+					yAxisUnit={spec.formatting?.unit}
+					decimalPrecision={decimalPrecision}
+					width={containerDimensions.width}
+					height={containerDimensions.height}
+					syncMode={dashboardPreference?.syncMode}
+					syncFilterMode={dashboardPreference?.syncFilterMode}
+					isStackedBarChart={spec.visualization?.stackedBarChart ?? false}
+					renderTooltipFooter={renderTooltipFooter}
+					onClick={handleChartClick}
+				/>
+			)}
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default BarPanelRenderer;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/BarChartPanel/buildConfig.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+import type { DashboardtypesBarChartPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { Timezone } from 'components/CustomTimePicker/timezoneUtils';
+import { PANEL_TYPES } from 'constants/queryBuilder';
+import { getInitialStackedBands } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/charts/utils/stackSeriesUtils';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import { buildBaseConfig } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/baseConfigBuilder';
+import { resolveSeriesLabelV5 } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/resolveSeriesLabel';
+import type { PanelSeries } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+import { toClickPluginPayload } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/uplotData';
+import getLabelName from 'lib/getLabelName';
+import { OnClickPluginOpts } from 'lib/uPlotLib/plugins/onClickPlugin';
+import { DrawStyle } from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/types';
+import { UPlotConfigBuilder } from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/UPlotConfigBuilder';
+import type { BuilderQuery } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+
+export interface BuildBarChartConfigArgs {
+	panelId: string;
+	spec: DashboardtypesBarChartPanelSpecDTO;
+	/**
+	 * Flat list of builder queries on this panel (see `getBuilderQueries`).
+	 * Powers per-query legend resolution; empty for non-builder panels.
+	 */
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[];
+	/** Flattened V5 series (see `flattenTimeSeries`). */
+	series: PanelSeries[];
+	/** Per-query step intervals from the response exec stats. */
+	stepIntervals?: Record<string, number>;
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+	timezone: Timezone;
+	panelMode: PanelMode;
+	onDragSelect?: (start: number, end: number) => void;
+	onClick?: OnClickPluginOpts['onClick'];
+	minTimeScale?: number;
+	maxTimeScale?: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds a fully-wired `UPlotConfigBuilder` for a Bar chart panel.
+ *
+ * Delegates the panel-agnostic scaffolding (scales, thresholds, axes,
+ * drag-to-zoom, click plugin) to the shared `buildBaseConfig`, then layers
+ * in the Bar-specific concerns: optional stacking via uPlot bands, plus
+ * one bar series per result row.
+ */
+export function buildBarChartConfig({
+	panelId,
+	spec,
+	builderQueries,
+	series,
+	stepIntervals,
+	isDarkMode,
+	timezone,
+	panelMode,
+	onDragSelect,
+	onClick,
+	minTimeScale,
+	maxTimeScale,
+}: BuildBarChartConfigArgs): UPlotConfigBuilder {
+	const builder = buildBaseConfig({
+		panelId,
+		panelType: PANEL_TYPES.BAR,
+		isDarkMode,
+		timezone,
+		panelMode,
+		isLogScale: spec.axes?.isLogScale,
+		softMin: spec.axes?.softMin ?? undefined,
+		softMax: spec.axes?.softMax ?? undefined,
+		formatting: spec.formatting,
+		thresholds: spec.thresholds,
+		stepIntervals,
+		clickPayload: toClickPluginPayload(series),
+		minTimeScale,
+		maxTimeScale,
+		onDragSelect,
+		onClick,
+	});
+
+	addSeries({
+		builder,
+		spec,
+		builderQueries,
+		series,
+		stepIntervals,
+		isDarkMode,
+	});
+
+	return builder;
+}
+
+interface AddSeriesArgs {
+	builder: UPlotConfigBuilder;
+	spec: DashboardtypesBarChartPanelSpecDTO;
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[];
+	series: PanelSeries[];
+	stepIntervals?: Record<string, number>;
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds one bar series per flattened V5 series, plus uPlot bands for stacking
+ * when `spec.visualization.stackedBarChart` is set. Each series receives its
+ * own per-query step interval so bar widths line up with the actual
+ * sampling cadence reported by the backend.
+ *
+ * Order must match `prepareAlignedData` — both iterate the same flat list.
+ */
+function addSeries({
+	builder,
+	spec,
+	builderQueries,
+	series,
+	stepIntervals,
+	isDarkMode,
+}: AddSeriesArgs): void {
+	const colorMapping = spec.legend?.customColors ?? {};
+
+	if (spec.visualization?.stackedBarChart) {
+		// uPlot uses 1-based series indices (index 0 is the timestamp axis);
+		// `+1` keeps the band targets aligned with the series we're about to add.
+		builder.setBands(getInitialStackedBands(series.length + 1));
+	}
+
+	series.forEach((s) => {
+		const baseLabel = getLabelName(s.labels, s.queryName, s.legend);
+		const label = resolveSeriesLabelV5(s, builderQueries, baseLabel);
+		const stepInterval = s.queryName ? stepIntervals?.[s.queryName] : undefined;
+
+		builder.addSeries({
+			scaleKey: 'y',
+			drawStyle: DrawStyle.Bar,
+			label,
+			colorMapping,
+			isDarkMode,
+			stepInterval,
+			metric: s.labels,
+		});
+	});
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/BarChartPanel/definition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { DataSource } from 'types/common/queryBuilder';
+
+import type { PanelDefinition } from '../../types/panelDefinition';
+import Renderer from './Renderer';
+import { sections } from './sections';
+
+export const definition: PanelDefinition<'signoz/BarChartPanel'> = {
+	kind: 'signoz/BarChartPanel',
+	displayName: 'Bar Chart',
+	Renderer,
+	sections,
+	supportedSignals: [DataSource.METRICS, DataSource.LOGS, DataSource.TRACES],
+	actions: { view: true, edit: true, download: false, createAlert: true },
+};

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/BarChartPanel/sections.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { SectionConfig } from '../../types/sections';
+
+export const sections: SectionConfig[] = [
+	{ kind: 'formatting', controls: { unit: true, decimals: true } },
+	{ kind: 'axes', controls: { minMax: true, unit: true, logScale: true } },
+	{ kind: 'legend', controls: { position: true, mode: true } },
+	{ kind: 'thresholds', controls: { list: true } },
+	{ kind: 'chartAppearance', controls: { stacked: true } },
+];

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/HistogramPanel/Renderer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useRef } from 'react';
+import type { DashboardtypesHistogramPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import Histogram from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/charts/Histogram/Histogram';
+import TooltipFooter from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/components/TooltipFooter';
+import { useIsDarkMode } from 'hooks/useDarkMode';
+import { useResizeObserver } from 'hooks/useDimensions';
+import { IRenderTooltipFooterArgs } from 'lib/uPlotV2/components/types';
+import {
+	flattenTimeSeries,
+	getTimeSeriesResults,
+} from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/v5ResponseData';
+import { useTimezone } from 'providers/Timezone';
+import type uPlot from 'uplot';
+
+import PanelStyles from '../../panel.module.scss';
+import { PanelRendererProps } from '../../types/rendererProps';
+import { resolveLegendPosition } from '../../utils/chartAppearanceMappings';
+import { getBuilderQueries } from '../../utils/getBuilderQueries';
+
+import { buildHistogramConfig } from './buildConfig';
+import { prepareHistogramData } from './prepareData';
+import { ChartClickData } from 'lib/uPlotV2/plugins/TooltipPlugin/types';
+
+function HistogramPanelRenderer({
+	panelId,
+	panel,
+	data,
+	panelMode,
+	onClick,
+}: PanelRendererProps<'signoz/HistogramPanel'>): JSX.Element {
+	const graphRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+	const containerDimensions = useResizeObserver(graphRef);
+	const isDarkMode = useIsDarkMode();
+	const { timezone } = useTimezone();
+
+	// The registry guarantees this Renderer only runs when
+	// `panel.spec.plugin.kind === 'signoz/HistogramPanel'`, so the cast is a
+	// documented boundary narrowing.
+	const spec = useMemo<DashboardtypesHistogramPanelSpecDTO>(
+		() =>
+			(panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec ?? {}) as DashboardtypesHistogramPanelSpecDTO,
+		[panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec],
+	);
+
+	const builderQueries = useMemo(
+		() => getBuilderQueries(panel?.spec?.queries),
+		[panel?.spec?.queries],
+	);
+
+	const flatSeries = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			flattenTimeSeries(
+				getTimeSeriesResults(data?.response),
+				data?.legendMap ?? {},
+			),
+		[data?.response, data?.legendMap],
+	);
+
+	const config = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			buildHistogramConfig({
+				panelId,
+				spec,
+				builderQueries,
+				series: flatSeries,
+				isDarkMode,
+				timezone,
+				panelMode,
+			}),
+		[panelId, spec, builderQueries, flatSeries, isDarkMode, timezone, panelMode],
+	);
+
+	const chartData = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			prepareHistogramData({
+				series: flatSeries,
+				bucketWidth: spec.histogramBuckets?.bucketWidth ?? undefined,
+				bucketCount: spec.histogramBuckets?.bucketCount ?? undefined,
+				mergeAllActiveQueries: spec.histogramBuckets?.mergeAllActiveQueries,
+			}),
+		[
+			flatSeries,
+			spec.histogramBuckets?.bucketWidth,
+			spec.histogramBuckets?.bucketCount,
+			spec.histogramBuckets?.mergeAllActiveQueries,
+		],
+	);
+
+	const legendPosition = useMemo(
+		() => resolveLegendPosition(spec.legend?.position),
+		[spec.legend?.position],
+	);
+
+	const renderTooltipFooter = useCallback(
+		({ isPinned, dismiss }: IRenderTooltipFooterArgs) => (
+			<TooltipFooter
+				id={panelId}
+				isPinned={isPinned}
+				dismiss={dismiss}
+				canDrilldown={false}
+			/>
+		),
+		[panelId],
+	);
+
+	const isQueriesMerged = spec.histogramBuckets?.mergeAllActiveQueries ?? false;
+
+	const handleChartClick = useCallback(
+		(args: ChartClickData) => {
+			onClick?.(args);
+		},
+		[onClick],
+	);
+
+	return (
+		<div
+			ref={graphRef}
+			data-testid="histogram-panel-renderer"
+			className={PanelStyles.panelContainer}
+		>
+			{containerDimensions.width > 0 && containerDimensions.height > 0 && (
+				<Histogram
+					key={panelId}
+					config={config}
+					data={chartData as uPlot.AlignedData}
+					legendConfig={{ position: legendPosition }}
+					canPinTooltip
+					isQueriesMerged={isQueriesMerged}
+					width={containerDimensions.width}
+					height={containerDimensions.height}
+					renderTooltipFooter={renderTooltipFooter}
+					onClick={handleChartClick}
+				/>
+			)}
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default HistogramPanelRenderer;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/HistogramPanel/buildConfig.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+import type { DashboardtypesHistogramPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { Timezone } from 'components/CustomTimePicker/timezoneUtils';
+import { PANEL_TYPES } from 'constants/queryBuilder';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import { buildBaseConfig } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/baseConfigBuilder';
+import { resolveSeriesLabelV5 } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/resolveSeriesLabel';
+import type { PanelSeries } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+import getLabelName from 'lib/getLabelName';
+import { DrawStyle } from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/types';
+import { UPlotConfigBuilder } from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/UPlotConfigBuilder';
+import type { BuilderQuery } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+
+const POINT_SIZE = 5;
+const BAR_WIDTH_FACTOR = 1;
+// Merged-series colors mirror the V1 default — single histogram bin gets a
+// fixed blue-ish pair so the merged view looks the same as before.
+const MERGED_SERIES_LINE_COLOR = '#3f5ecc';
+const MERGED_SERIES_FILL_COLOR = '#4E74F8';
+
+export interface BuildHistogramConfigArgs {
+	panelId: string;
+	spec: DashboardtypesHistogramPanelSpecDTO;
+	/** Builder queries on this panel — used to resolve per-series labels. */
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[];
+	/** Flattened V5 series (see `flattenTimeSeries`). */
+	series: PanelSeries[];
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+	timezone: Timezone;
+	panelMode: PanelMode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds a fully-wired `UPlotConfigBuilder` for a Histogram panel.
+ *
+ * Unlike time-axis panels, histograms have no time scale and no drag-to-zoom.
+ * We still reuse `buildBaseConfig` for the consistent scaffolding (thresholds,
+ * axes, click plugin) but then override the X/Y scales to be auto-linear
+ * (`time: false, auto: true`) and install a histogram-specific cursor that
+ * disables drag-pan and tightens focus proximity.
+ */
+export function buildHistogramConfig({
+	panelId,
+	spec,
+	builderQueries,
+	series,
+	isDarkMode,
+	timezone,
+	panelMode,
+}: BuildHistogramConfigArgs): UPlotConfigBuilder {
+	// Histograms have no time axis — no stepIntervals, and no click plugin
+	// (the renderer passes no onClick), so the base config needs no response.
+	const builder = buildBaseConfig({
+		panelId,
+		panelType: PANEL_TYPES.HISTOGRAM,
+		isDarkMode,
+		timezone,
+		panelMode,
+	});
+
+	builder.setCursor({
+		drag: { x: false, y: false, setScale: true },
+		focus: { prox: 1e3 },
+	});
+
+	// Override the time-axis scales from `buildBaseConfig` — histograms are
+	// distribution plots, not time series.
+	builder.addScale({ scaleKey: 'x', time: false, auto: true });
+	builder.addScale({ scaleKey: 'y', time: false, auto: true, min: 0 });
+
+	addSeries({ builder, spec, builderQueries, series, isDarkMode });
+
+	return builder;
+}
+
+interface AddSeriesArgs {
+	builder: UPlotConfigBuilder;
+	spec: DashboardtypesHistogramPanelSpecDTO;
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[];
+	series: PanelSeries[];
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds histogram bar series to the builder. When `mergeAllActiveQueries` is
+ * set, `prepareHistogramData` produces a single Y column, so we add exactly
+ * one series with the fixed merged-mode colors. Otherwise one series per
+ * result row, with labels resolved via the standard legend matrix.
+ */
+function addSeries({
+	builder,
+	spec,
+	builderQueries,
+	series,
+	isDarkMode,
+}: AddSeriesArgs): void {
+	const colorMapping = spec.legend?.customColors ?? {};
+	const mergeAllActiveQueries =
+		spec.histogramBuckets?.mergeAllActiveQueries ?? false;
+
+	if (mergeAllActiveQueries) {
+		builder.addSeries({
+			scaleKey: 'y',
+			label: '',
+			drawStyle: DrawStyle.Histogram,
+			colorMapping,
+			barWidthFactor: BAR_WIDTH_FACTOR,
+			pointSize: POINT_SIZE,
+			lineColor: MERGED_SERIES_LINE_COLOR,
+			fillColor: MERGED_SERIES_FILL_COLOR,
+			isDarkMode,
+		});
+		return;
+	}
+
+	series.forEach((s) => {
+		const baseLabel = getLabelName(s.labels, s.queryName, s.legend);
+		const label = resolveSeriesLabelV5(s, builderQueries, baseLabel);
+
+		builder.addSeries({
+			scaleKey: 'y',
+			label,
+			drawStyle: DrawStyle.Histogram,
+			colorMapping,
+			barWidthFactor: BAR_WIDTH_FACTOR,
+			pointSize: POINT_SIZE,
+			isDarkMode,
+		});
+	});
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/HistogramPanel/definition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { DataSource } from 'types/common/queryBuilder';
+
+import type { PanelDefinition } from '../../types/panelDefinition';
+import Renderer from './Renderer';
+import { sections } from './sections';
+
+export const definition: PanelDefinition<'signoz/HistogramPanel'> = {
+	kind: 'signoz/HistogramPanel',
+	displayName: 'Histogram',
+	Renderer,
+	sections,
+	supportedSignals: [DataSource.METRICS, DataSource.LOGS, DataSource.TRACES],
+	actions: { view: true, edit: true, download: false, createAlert: true },
+};

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/HistogramPanel/prepareData.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+import { histogramBucketSizes } from '@grafana/data';
+import { DEFAULT_BUCKET_COUNT } from 'container/PanelWrapper/constants';
+import {
+	buildHistogramBuckets,
+	mergeAlignedDataTables,
+	prependNullBinToFirstHistogramSeries,
+	replaceUndefinedWithNullInAlignedData,
+} from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/utils/histogram';
+import type { PanelSeries } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+import { AlignedData } from 'uplot';
+import { incrRoundDn, roundDecimals } from 'utils/round';
+
+export interface PrepareHistogramDataArgs {
+	/** Flattened V5 series (see `flattenTimeSeries`). */
+	series: PanelSeries[];
+	bucketWidth?: number;
+	bucketCount?: number;
+	mergeAllActiveQueries?: boolean;
+}
+
+const BUCKET_OFFSET = 0;
+const sortAscending = (a: number, b: number): number => a - b;
+
+/**
+ * Bins raw series values into a uPlot-aligned histogram. Picks a bucket size
+ * either from `bucketWidth` (explicit override) or the smallest predefined
+ * Grafana bucket that fits the data's `range / bucketCount` target while
+ * staying ≥ the data's smallest non-zero delta (so we never sub-divide below
+ * the resolution of the input).
+ *
+ * Empty input → `[[]]` (a valid empty AlignedData uPlot accepts).
+ */
+export function prepareHistogramData({
+	series,
+	bucketWidth,
+	bucketCount = DEFAULT_BUCKET_COUNT,
+	mergeAllActiveQueries = false,
+}: PrepareHistogramDataArgs): AlignedData {
+	const values = extractNumericValues(series);
+	if (values.length === 0) {
+		return [[]];
+	}
+
+	const sorted = [...values].sort(sortAscending);
+	const range = sorted[sorted.length - 1] - sorted[0];
+	const smallestDelta = computeSmallestDelta(sorted);
+	let bucketSize = selectBucketSize({
+		range,
+		bucketCount,
+		smallestDelta,
+		bucketWidthOverride: bucketWidth,
+	});
+	if (bucketSize <= 0) {
+		bucketSize = range > 0 ? range / bucketCount : 1;
+	}
+
+	const getBucket = (v: number): number =>
+		roundDecimals(incrRoundDn(v - BUCKET_OFFSET, bucketSize) + BUCKET_OFFSET, 9);
+
+	const frames = buildFrames(series, mergeAllActiveQueries);
+	// Merged mode folds every query into frame 0 and leaves trailing empty
+	// frames — drop those. Per-query mode must keep one column per result row
+	// (even empty queries), or the data column count drifts below the series
+	// count `buildHistogramConfig` adds per row → uPlot renders nothing.
+	const histograms: AlignedData[] = frames
+		.filter((frame) => !mergeAllActiveQueries || frame.length > 0)
+		.map((frame) => buildHistogramBuckets(frame, getBucket, sortAscending));
+
+	if (histograms.length === 0) {
+		return [[]];
+	}
+
+	const merged = mergeAlignedDataTables(histograms);
+	replaceUndefinedWithNullInAlignedData(merged);
+	prependNullBinToFirstHistogramSeries(merged, bucketSize);
+	return merged;
+}
+
+// Non-finite samples degrade to 0 (legacy `parseFloat(...) || 0` parity).
+function toBinnableValue(value: number): number {
+	return Number.isFinite(value) ? value : 0;
+}
+
+function extractNumericValues(series: PanelSeries[]): number[] {
+	const values: number[] = [];
+	for (const s of series) {
+		for (const point of s.values) {
+			values.push(toBinnableValue(point.value));
+		}
+	}
+	return values;
+}
+
+function computeSmallestDelta(sortedValues: number[]): number {
+	if (sortedValues.length <= 1) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	let smallest = Infinity;
+	for (let i = 1; i < sortedValues.length; i++) {
+		const delta = sortedValues[i] - sortedValues[i - 1];
+		if (delta > 0) {
+			smallest = Math.min(smallest, delta);
+		}
+	}
+	return smallest === Infinity ? 0 : smallest;
+}
+
+function selectBucketSize({
+	range,
+	bucketCount,
+	smallestDelta,
+	bucketWidthOverride,
+}: {
+	range: number;
+	bucketCount: number;
+	smallestDelta: number;
+	bucketWidthOverride?: number;
+}): number {
+	if (bucketWidthOverride != null && bucketWidthOverride > 0) {
+		return bucketWidthOverride;
+	}
+	const targetSize = range / bucketCount;
+	for (const candidate of histogramBucketSizes) {
+		if (targetSize < candidate && candidate >= smallestDelta) {
+			return candidate;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+// When merging is on, fold all frames into the first; the trailing empty
+// frames stay in the array so downstream `.filter(length > 0)` drops them.
+function buildFrames(
+	series: PanelSeries[],
+	mergeAllActiveQueries: boolean,
+): number[][] {
+	const frames: number[][] = series.map((s) =>
+		s.values.map((point) => toBinnableValue(point.value)),
+	);
+	if (mergeAllActiveQueries && frames.length > 1) {
+		const first = frames[0];
+		for (let i = 1; i < frames.length; i++) {
+			first.push(...frames[i]);
+			frames[i] = [];
+		}
+	}
+	return frames;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/HistogramPanel/sections.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import type { SectionConfig } from '../../types/sections';
+
+export const sections: SectionConfig[] = [
+	{ kind: 'legend', controls: { position: true, mode: true } },
+	{ kind: 'buckets', controls: { count: true } },
+];

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/Renderer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+import type { DashboardtypesNumberPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { prepareScalarTables } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/prepareScalarTables';
+import { getScalarResults } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/v5ResponseData';
+
+import PanelStyles from '../../panel.module.scss';
+import { PanelRendererProps } from '../../types/rendererProps';
+import { formatPanelValue } from '../../utils/formatPanelValue';
+import { resolveDecimalPrecision } from '../../utils/chartAppearanceMappings';
+
+import { prepareNumberData } from './prepareData';
+import { mapNumberThresholds } from './utils';
+import ValueDisplay from './components/ValueDisplay/ValueDisplay';
+
+function NumberPanelRenderer({
+	panel,
+	data,
+}: PanelRendererProps<'signoz/NumberPanel'>): JSX.Element {
+	// The registry guarantees this Renderer only runs when
+	// `panel.spec.plugin.kind === 'signoz/NumberPanel'`, so the cast is a
+	// documented boundary narrowing. Memoized so the `?? {}` fallback doesn't
+	// produce a fresh object on each render.
+	const spec = useMemo<DashboardtypesNumberPanelSpecDTO>(
+		() => (panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec ?? {}) as DashboardtypesNumberPanelSpecDTO,
+		[panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec],
+	);
+
+	const value = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			prepareNumberData(
+				prepareScalarTables({
+					results: getScalarResults(data?.response),
+					legendMap: data?.legendMap ?? {},
+					requestPayload: data?.requestPayload,
+				}),
+			),
+		[data?.response, data?.legendMap, data?.requestPayload],
+	);
+
+	const thresholds = useMemo(
+		() => mapNumberThresholds(spec.thresholds),
+		[spec.thresholds],
+	);
+
+	const decimalPrecision = useMemo(
+		() => resolveDecimalPrecision(spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision),
+		[spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision],
+	);
+
+	const unit = spec.formatting?.unit;
+
+	// Precision is applied regardless of whether a unit is set (see
+	// `formatPanelValue`), so decimal-precision changes always take effect.
+	const formattedValue = useMemo(
+		() => (value === null ? '' : formatPanelValue(value, unit, decimalPrecision)),
+		[value, unit, decimalPrecision],
+	);
+
+	return (
+		<div
+			data-testid="number-panel-renderer"
+			className={PanelStyles.panelContainer}
+		>
+			{value === null ? (
+				<Typography.Text data-testid="number-panel-no-data">
+					No Data
+				</Typography.Text>
+			) : (
+				<ValueDisplay
+					value={formattedValue}
+					rawValue={value}
+					thresholds={thresholds}
+					unit={unit}
+				/>
+			)}
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default NumberPanelRenderer;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/__tests__/Renderer.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+import {
+	DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO,
+	type DashboardtypesNumberPanelSpecDTO,
+	type DashboardtypesPanelDTO,
+	DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO,
+	type QueryRangeV5200,
+} from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import type { PanelQueryData } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+import { render } from 'tests/test-utils';
+
+import { BaseRendererProps } from '../../../types/rendererProps';
+import BaseNumberPanelRenderer from '../Renderer';
+
+// The kind's interaction map is `Record<string, never>`, which makes the strict
+// `PanelRendererProps<'signoz/NumberPanel'>` intersection impossible to satisfy
+// with a literal. NumberPanel reads no interaction props, so render it against
+// the base prop surface.
+const NumberPanelRenderer =
+	BaseNumberPanelRenderer as React.FC<BaseRendererProps>;
+
+// ValueDisplay observes its container to size the font.
+window.ResizeObserver =
+	window.ResizeObserver ||
+	jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({
+		disconnect: jest.fn(),
+		observe: jest.fn(),
+		unobserve: jest.fn(),
+	}));
+
+function panelWith(
+	spec: DashboardtypesNumberPanelSpecDTO,
+): DashboardtypesPanelDTO {
+	return {
+		kind: 'Panel',
+		spec: { plugin: { kind: 'signoz/NumberPanel', spec } },
+	} as unknown as DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+}
+
+// V5 scalar response: one table per query, value in the aggregation column.
+function dataWith(value: string | number): PanelQueryData {
+	return {
+		response: {
+			status: 'success',
+			data: {
+				type: 'scalar',
+				data: {
+					results: [
+						{
+							queryName: 'A',
+							columns: [
+								{
+									name: '__result',
+									queryName: 'A',
+									columnType: 'aggregation',
+									aggregationIndex: 0,
+								},
+							],
+							data: [[value]],
+						},
+					],
+				},
+			},
+		} as unknown as QueryRangeV5200,
+		requestPayload: undefined,
+		legendMap: {},
+	};
+}
+
+const emptyData: PanelQueryData = {
+	response: {
+		status: 'success',
+		data: { type: 'scalar', data: { results: [] } },
+	} as unknown as QueryRangeV5200,
+	requestPayload: undefined,
+	legendMap: {},
+};
+
+// NumberPanel adds no interaction props (its interaction map is
+// `Record<string, never>`), so the base renderer props fully describe it.
+function renderPanel(
+	props: Partial<BaseRendererProps>,
+): ReturnType<typeof render> {
+	const baseProps: BaseRendererProps = {
+		panelId: 'panel-1',
+		panel: panelWith({}),
+		data: undefined,
+		isLoading: false,
+		error: null,
+		panelMode: PanelMode.DASHBOARD_VIEW,
+		...props,
+	};
+	return render(<NumberPanelRenderer {...baseProps} />);
+}
+
+describe('NumberPanelRenderer', () => {
+	it('renders the value with its y-axis unit', () => {
+		const { getByText } = renderPanel({
+			panel: panelWith({ formatting: { unit: 'ms' } }),
+			data: dataWith('295.4299833508185'),
+		});
+
+		expect(getByText('295.43')).toBeInTheDocument();
+		expect(getByText('ms')).toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+
+	// Regression: with no unit configured, decimal precision must still apply.
+	// Previously the renderer fell back to `value.toString()` whenever the unit
+	// was empty, so precision changes had no effect on unitless panels.
+	it('applies decimal precision even when no unit is set', () => {
+		const { getByText, queryByText } = renderPanel({
+			panel: panelWith({}),
+			data: dataWith('3.14159'),
+		});
+
+		expect(getByText('3.14')).toBeInTheDocument();
+		expect(queryByText('3.14159')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+
+	it('renders No Data when the response has no scalar results', () => {
+		const { getByTestId } = renderPanel({ data: emptyData });
+
+		expect(getByTestId('number-panel-no-data')).toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+
+	it('renders No Data when the response is absent', () => {
+		const { getByTestId } = renderPanel({ data: undefined });
+
+		expect(getByTestId('number-panel-no-data')).toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+
+	it('surfaces the conflicting-thresholds indicator when a value matches multiple thresholds', () => {
+		const { getByTestId } = renderPanel({
+			panel: panelWith({
+				thresholds: [
+					{
+						color: '#f00',
+						operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.above,
+						value: 0,
+						format: DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO.background,
+					},
+					{
+						color: '#0f0',
+						operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.above,
+						value: 100,
+						format: DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO.background,
+					},
+				],
+			}),
+			data: dataWith('295.4299833508185'),
+		});
+
+		expect(getByTestId('conflicting-thresholds')).toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/__tests__/prepareData.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import type { PanelTable } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+
+import { prepareNumberData } from '../prepareData';
+
+function tableWith(
+	columns: PanelTable['columns'],
+	rows: PanelTable['rows'],
+): PanelTable {
+	return { queryName: 'A', legend: '', columns, rows };
+}
+
+describe('prepareNumberData', () => {
+	it('returns null for no tables', () => {
+		expect(prepareNumberData([])).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('reads the first row of the value column', () => {
+		const table = tableWith(
+			[
+				{ name: 'group', queryName: 'A', isValueColumn: false, id: 'group' },
+				{ name: 'value', queryName: 'A', isValueColumn: true, id: 'val' },
+			],
+			[
+				{ data: { group: 'prod', val: '295.4299833508185' } },
+				{ data: { group: 'dev', val: '7' } },
+			],
+		);
+
+		expect(prepareNumberData([table])).toBeCloseTo(295.43, 2);
+	});
+
+	it('falls back to the row first value when no column is tagged isValueColumn', () => {
+		const table = tableWith(
+			[{ name: 'value', queryName: 'A', isValueColumn: false, id: 'value' }],
+			[{ data: { value: '7' } }],
+		);
+
+		expect(prepareNumberData([table])).toBe(7);
+	});
+
+	it('skips empty tables and reads the first one with rows', () => {
+		const empty = tableWith(
+			[{ name: 'value', queryName: 'A', isValueColumn: true, id: 'A' }],
+			[],
+		);
+		const filled = tableWith(
+			[{ name: 'value', queryName: 'B', isValueColumn: true, id: 'B' }],
+			[{ data: { B: 42 } }],
+		);
+
+		expect(prepareNumberData([empty, filled])).toBe(42);
+	});
+
+	it('returns null when the value is non-numeric', () => {
+		const table = tableWith(
+			[{ name: 'value', queryName: 'A', isValueColumn: true, id: 'A' }],
+			[{ data: { A: 'n/a' } }],
+		);
+
+		expect(prepareNumberData([table])).toBeNull();
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/__tests__/utils.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import {
+	DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO,
+	DashboardtypesComparisonThresholdDTO,
+	DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO,
+} from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import { mapNumberThresholds } from '../utils';
+
+describe('mapNumberThresholds', () => {
+	it('returns [] for null / undefined / empty', () => {
+		expect(mapNumberThresholds(null)).toStrictEqual([]);
+		expect(mapNumberThresholds(undefined)).toStrictEqual([]);
+		expect(mapNumberThresholds([])).toStrictEqual([]);
+	});
+
+	it('maps comparison operators to symbol operators', () => {
+		const thresholds: DashboardtypesComparisonThresholdDTO[] = [
+			{
+				color: '#f00',
+				operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.above,
+				value: 1,
+			},
+			{
+				color: '#0f0',
+				operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.below,
+				value: 2,
+			},
+			{
+				color: '#00f',
+				operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.above_or_equal,
+				value: 3,
+			},
+			{
+				color: '#ff0',
+				operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.below_or_equal,
+				value: 4,
+			},
+			{
+				color: '#0ff',
+				operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.equal,
+				value: 5,
+			},
+		];
+
+		const mapped = mapNumberThresholds(thresholds);
+
+		expect(mapped.map((t) => t.operator)).toStrictEqual([
+			'>',
+			'<',
+			'>=',
+			'<=',
+			'=',
+		]);
+	});
+
+	it('maps not_equal to !=', () => {
+		const mapped = mapNumberThresholds([
+			{
+				color: '#f00',
+				operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.not_equal,
+				value: 1,
+			},
+		]);
+
+		expect(mapped[0].operator).toBe('!=');
+	});
+
+	it('maps format and carries value/unit/color', () => {
+		const mapped = mapNumberThresholds([
+			{
+				color: '#abcdef',
+				operator: DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.above,
+				value: 100,
+				unit: 'ms',
+				format: DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO.background,
+			},
+		]);
+
+		expect(mapped[0]).toStrictEqual({
+			color: '#abcdef',
+			operator: '>',
+			value: 100,
+			unit: 'ms',
+			format: 'background',
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('maps text format to text', () => {
+		const mapped = mapNumberThresholds([
+			{
+				color: '#000',
+				value: 1,
+				format: DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO.text,
+			},
+		]);
+
+		expect(mapped[0].format).toBe('text');
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/components/ValueDisplay/ValueDisplay.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+.container {
+	width: 100%;
+	height: 100%;
+	display: flex;
+	justify-content: center;
+	align-items: center;
+	position: relative;
+}
+
+.textContainer {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: row;
+	align-items: baseline;
+	justify-content: center;
+	flex-wrap: nowrap;
+}
+
+.valueText {
+	text-align: center;
+	font-weight: 400;
+}
+
+.conflictBackground {
+	position: absolute;
+	right: 10px;
+	bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+.conflictText {
+	margin-left: 10px;
+	margin-top: 20px;
+}
+
+.conflictIcon {
+	color: var(--warning-background);
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/components/ValueDisplay/ValueDisplay.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Tooltip } from 'antd';
+import { CircleAlert } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+
+import type { PanelThreshold } from '../../../../types/threshold';
+import { resolveActiveThreshold } from '../../../../utils/evaluateThresholds';
+
+import { parseFormattedValue } from '../../../../utils/parseFormattedValue';
+import styles from './ValueDisplay.module.scss';
+import { useResponsiveFontSize } from '../../../../hooks/useResponsiveFontSize';
+import ValueUnit from '../ValueUnit/ValueUnit';
+
+interface ValueDisplayProps {
+	/** The pre-formatted value string (may include a unit label). */
+	value: string;
+	/** The raw numeric value, used for threshold evaluation. */
+	rawValue: number;
+	thresholds: PanelThreshold[];
+	/** The panel's unit, used to convert threshold units before comparison. */
+	unit?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Renders a single large scalar with optional prefix/suffix units and threshold
+ * recoloring (text or background). A V2-native replacement for the V1
+ * `ValueGraph` — depends only on V2 threshold utilities and the shared icon/
+ * typography primitives.
+ */
+function ValueDisplay({
+	value,
+	rawValue,
+	thresholds,
+	unit,
+}: ValueDisplayProps): JSX.Element {
+	const { t } = useTranslation(['valueGraph']);
+	const { containerRef, fontSize } = useResponsiveFontSize();
+
+	const { numericValue, prefixUnit, suffixUnit } = useMemo(
+		() => parseFormattedValue(value),
+		[value],
+	);
+
+	const { threshold, isConflicting } = useMemo(
+		() => resolveActiveThreshold(thresholds, rawValue, unit),
+		[thresholds, rawValue, unit],
+	);
+
+	const isBackground = threshold?.format === 'background';
+	const textColor = threshold?.format === 'text' ? threshold.color : undefined;
+	const backgroundColor = isBackground ? threshold?.color : undefined;
+
+	return (
+		<div
+			ref={containerRef}
+			className={styles.container}
+			style={{ backgroundColor }}
+		>
+			<div className={styles.textContainer}>
+				{prefixUnit && (
+					<ValueUnit
+						type="prefix"
+						unit={prefixUnit}
+						color={textColor}
+						fontSize={fontSize}
+					/>
+				)}
+				<Typography.Text
+					className={styles.valueText}
+					data-testid="number-panel-value"
+					style={{ color: textColor, fontSize }}
+				>
+					{numericValue}
+				</Typography.Text>
+				{suffixUnit && (
+					<ValueUnit
+						type="suffix"
+						unit={suffixUnit}
+						color={textColor}
+						fontSize={fontSize}
+					/>
+				)}
+			</div>
+			{isConflicting && (
+				<div
+					className={isBackground ? styles.conflictBackground : styles.conflictText}
+				>
+					<Tooltip title={t('this_value_satisfies_multiple_thresholds')}>
+						<CircleAlert
+							className={styles.conflictIcon}
+							data-testid="conflicting-thresholds"
+							size="md"
+						/>
+					</Tooltip>
+				</div>
+			)}
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default ValueDisplay;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/components/ValueUnit/ValueUnit.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+.unit {
+	margin-left: 4px;
+	font-weight: 300;
+	opacity: 0.8;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/components/ValueUnit/ValueUnit.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+
+import styles from './ValueUnit.module.scss';
+
+interface ValueUnitProps {
+	type: 'prefix' | 'suffix';
+	unit: string;
+	/** Text color, set only when a "text" threshold is active. */
+	color?: string;
+	fontSize: string;
+}
+
+/** A prefix/suffix unit label rendered alongside the numeric value. */
+function ValueUnit({
+	type,
+	unit,
+	color,
+	fontSize,
+}: ValueUnitProps): JSX.Element {
+	return (
+		<Typography.Text
+			className={styles.unit}
+			data-testid={`value-display-${type}-unit`}
+			style={{ color, fontSize: `calc(${fontSize} * 0.7)` }}
+		>
+			{unit}
+		</Typography.Text>
+	);
+}
+
+export default ValueUnit;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/definition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { DataSource } from 'types/common/queryBuilder';
+
+import type { PanelDefinition } from '../../types/panelDefinition';
+import Renderer from './Renderer';
+import { sections } from './sections';
+
+export const definition: PanelDefinition<'signoz/NumberPanel'> = {
+	kind: 'signoz/NumberPanel',
+	displayName: 'Number',
+	Renderer,
+	sections,
+	supportedSignals: [DataSource.METRICS, DataSource.LOGS, DataSource.TRACES],
+	actions: { view: true, edit: true, download: false, createAlert: true },
+};

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/prepareData.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import type { PanelTable } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+
+/**
+ * Reduces the scalar tables of a V5 response to the single number a
+ * NumberPanel renders.
+ *
+ * V2 always issues `requestType: 'scalar'` for VALUE panels, so the response
+ * is a scalar table per query (see `prepareScalarTables`). The value is the
+ * first row's `isValueColumn` cell of the first table that has rows —
+ * falling back to the row's first cell when no column is marked as the
+ * value (mirrors the V1 `formatForWeb` fallback read).
+ *
+ * Returns `null` when there is no numeric value to show, which the renderer
+ * maps to the "No Data" state.
+ */
+export function prepareNumberData(tables: PanelTable[]): number | null {
+	for (const table of tables) {
+		if (table.rows.length === 0) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		const row = table.rows[0].data;
+		const valueColumn = table.columns.find((column) => column.isValueColumn);
+		const raw = valueColumn
+			? row[valueColumn.id || valueColumn.name]
+			: Object.values(row)[0];
+		const value = Number(raw);
+		if (Number.isFinite(value)) {
+			return value;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return null;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/sections.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import type { SectionConfig } from '../../types/sections';
+
+// A number panel renders one scalar — no axes, legend, or stacking. Just value
+// formatting and thresholds that recolor the value/background.
+export const sections: SectionConfig[] = [
+	{ kind: 'formatting', controls: { unit: true, decimals: true } },
+	{ kind: 'thresholds', controls: { list: true } },
+];

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/NumberPanel/utils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import {
+	DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO,
+	DashboardtypesComparisonThresholdDTO,
+	DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO,
+} from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import type {
+	PanelThreshold,
+	ThresholdComparisonOperator,
+	ThresholdDisplayFormat,
+} from '../../types/threshold';
+
+// Perses comparison operators → the symbol operators V2 threshold evaluation
+// uses.
+const OPERATOR_MAP: Record<
+	DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO,
+	ThresholdComparisonOperator
+> = {
+	[DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.above]: '>',
+	[DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.below]: '<',
+	[DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.above_or_equal]: '>=',
+	[DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.below_or_equal]: '<=',
+	[DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.equal]: '=',
+	[DashboardtypesComparisonOperatorDTO.not_equal]: '!=',
+};
+
+const FORMAT_MAP: Record<
+	DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO,
+	ThresholdDisplayFormat
+> = {
+	[DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO.text]: 'text',
+	[DashboardtypesThresholdFormatDTO.background]: 'background',
+};
+
+/**
+ * Maps the panel-spec threshold shape (`ComparisonThresholdDTO`) onto the
+ * V2-native `PanelThreshold` consumed by `ValueDisplay` / threshold
+ * evaluation. No dependency on the V1 `ThresholdProps` shape.
+ */
+export function mapNumberThresholds(
+	thresholds: DashboardtypesComparisonThresholdDTO[] | null | undefined,
+): PanelThreshold[] {
+	if (!thresholds || thresholds.length === 0) {
+		return [];
+	}
+
+	return thresholds.map((threshold) => ({
+		color: threshold.color,
+		operator: threshold.operator ? OPERATOR_MAP[threshold.operator] : undefined,
+		value: threshold.value,
+		unit: threshold.unit,
+		format: threshold.format ? FORMAT_MAP[threshold.format] : undefined,
+	}));
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/PieChartPanel/Renderer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import { useCallback, useMemo } from 'react';
+import type { DashboardtypesPieChartPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import Pie from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/charts/Pie/Pie';
+import type { PieSlice } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/charts/types';
+import { useIsDarkMode } from 'hooks/useDarkMode';
+import { prepareScalarTables } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/prepareScalarTables';
+import { getScalarResults } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/v5ResponseData';
+
+import PanelStyles from '../../panel.module.scss';
+import { PanelRendererProps } from '../../types/rendererProps';
+import {
+	resolveDecimalPrecision,
+	resolveLegendPosition,
+} from '../../utils/chartAppearanceMappings';
+
+import { preparePieData } from './prepareData';
+
+function PiePanelRenderer({
+	panelId,
+	panel,
+	data,
+	onClick,
+}: PanelRendererProps<'signoz/PieChartPanel'>): JSX.Element {
+	const isDarkMode = useIsDarkMode();
+
+	// The registry guarantees this Renderer only runs when
+	// `panel.spec.plugin.kind === 'signoz/PieChartPanel'`, so the cast is a
+	// documented boundary narrowing. Memoized so the `?? {}` fallback doesn't
+	// produce a fresh object on each render.
+	const spec = useMemo<DashboardtypesPieChartPanelSpecDTO>(
+		() => (panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec ?? {}) as DashboardtypesPieChartPanelSpecDTO,
+		[panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec],
+	);
+
+	const slices = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			preparePieData({
+				tables: prepareScalarTables({
+					results: getScalarResults(data?.response),
+					legendMap: data?.legendMap ?? {},
+					requestPayload: data?.requestPayload,
+				}),
+				customColors: spec.legend?.customColors,
+				isDarkMode,
+			}),
+		[
+			data?.response,
+			data?.legendMap,
+			data?.requestPayload,
+			spec.legend?.customColors,
+			isDarkMode,
+		],
+	);
+
+	const decimalPrecision = useMemo(
+		() => resolveDecimalPrecision(spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision),
+		[spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision],
+	);
+
+	const legendPosition = useMemo(
+		() => resolveLegendPosition(spec.legend?.position),
+		[spec.legend?.position],
+	);
+
+	const handleSliceClick = useCallback(
+		(slice: PieSlice) => {
+			onClick?.({ label: slice.label, value: slice.value });
+		},
+		[onClick],
+	);
+
+	return (
+		<div data-testid="pie-panel-renderer" className={PanelStyles.panelContainer}>
+			<Pie
+				data={slices}
+				yAxisUnit={spec.formatting?.unit}
+				decimalPrecision={decimalPrecision}
+				isDarkMode={isDarkMode}
+				position={legendPosition}
+				id={panelId}
+				onSliceClick={handleSliceClick}
+				data-testid="pie-chart"
+			/>
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default PiePanelRenderer;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/PieChartPanel/definition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { DataSource } from 'types/common/queryBuilder';
+
+import type { PanelDefinition } from '../../types/panelDefinition';
+import Renderer from './Renderer';
+import { sections } from './sections';
+
+export const definition: PanelDefinition<'signoz/PieChartPanel'> = {
+	kind: 'signoz/PieChartPanel',
+	displayName: 'Pie Chart',
+	Renderer,
+	sections,
+	supportedSignals: [DataSource.METRICS, DataSource.LOGS, DataSource.TRACES],
+	actions: { view: true, edit: true, download: false, createAlert: true },
+};

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/PieChartPanel/prepareData.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { themeColors } from 'constants/theme';
+import type { PieSlice } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/charts/types';
+import { generateColor } from 'lib/uPlotLib/utils/generateColor';
+import type { PanelTable } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+
+export interface PreparePieDataArgs {
+	/** Scalar tables from the V5 response (see `prepareScalarTables`). */
+	tables: PanelTable[];
+	/** Per-label colour overrides from `spec.legend.customColors`. */
+	customColors?: Record<string, string> | null;
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Turns the scalar tables of a V5 response into pie slices: one slice per
+ * group row. The aggregation column holds the value, the group column(s)
+ * form the label. Colours honour `customColors` then fall back to a
+ * deterministic palette colour; non-positive / non-numeric values are
+ * dropped.
+ */
+export function preparePieData({
+	tables,
+	customColors,
+	isDarkMode,
+}: PreparePieDataArgs): PieSlice[] {
+	const colorMap = isDarkMode
+		? themeColors.chartcolors
+		: themeColors.lightModeColor;
+
+	const slices: PieSlice[] = [];
+	tables.forEach((table) => {
+		const valueColumn = table.columns.find((column) => column.isValueColumn);
+		if (!valueColumn) {
+			return;
+		}
+		const valueKey = valueColumn.id || valueColumn.name;
+		const labelColumns = table.columns.filter((column) => !column.isValueColumn);
+
+		table.rows.forEach((row) => {
+			const value = Number(row.data[valueKey]);
+			const label =
+				labelColumns
+					.map((column) => row.data[column.id || column.name])
+					.filter((part) => part != null)
+					.map(String)
+					.join(', ') ||
+				table.legend ||
+				table.queryName ||
+				'';
+			const color = customColors?.[label] ?? generateColor(label, colorMap);
+			slices.push({ label, value, color });
+		});
+	});
+
+	return slices.filter(
+		(slice) => Number.isFinite(slice.value) && slice.value > 0,
+	);
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/PieChartPanel/sections.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import type { SectionConfig } from '../../types/sections';
+
+// Pie has no axes, thresholds, or stacking — just value formatting and a
+// legend. `mode` is omitted: the pie legend is always interactive swatches.
+export const sections: SectionConfig[] = [
+	{ kind: 'formatting', controls: { unit: true, decimals: true } },
+	{ kind: 'legend', controls: { position: true } },
+];

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/TimeSeriesPanel/Renderer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useRef } from 'react';
+import type { DashboardtypesTimeSeriesPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import TimeSeries from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/charts/TimeSeries/TimeSeries';
+import TooltipFooter from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/components/TooltipFooter';
+import { useIsDarkMode } from 'hooks/useDarkMode';
+import { useResizeObserver } from 'hooks/useDimensions';
+import { IRenderTooltipFooterArgs } from 'lib/uPlotV2/components/types';
+import {
+	flattenTimeSeries,
+	getExecStats,
+	getTimeSeriesResults,
+} from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/v5ResponseData';
+import { prepareAlignedData } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/uplotData';
+import { useTimezone } from 'providers/Timezone';
+import type { QueryRangeRequestV5 } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+import { getTimeRangeFromQueryRangeRequest } from 'utils/getTimeRange';
+
+import { useGroupByPerQuery } from '../../hooks/useGroupByPerQuery';
+import PanelStyles from '../../panel.module.scss';
+import { PanelRendererProps } from '../../types/rendererProps';
+import {
+	resolveDecimalPrecision,
+	resolveLegendPosition,
+} from '../../utils/chartAppearanceMappings';
+import { getBuilderQueries } from '../../utils/getBuilderQueries';
+
+import { buildTimeSeriesConfig } from './buildConfig';
+import { ChartClickData } from 'lib/uPlotV2/plugins/TooltipPlugin/types';
+
+function TimeSeriesPanelRenderer({
+	panelId,
+	panel,
+	data,
+	onClick,
+	onDragSelect,
+	dashboardPreference,
+	panelMode,
+}: PanelRendererProps<'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel'>): JSX.Element {
+	const graphRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+	const containerDimensions = useResizeObserver(graphRef);
+	const isDarkMode = useIsDarkMode();
+	const { timezone } = useTimezone();
+
+	// The registry guarantees this Renderer only runs when
+	// `panel.spec.plugin.kind === 'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel'`, so the cast is a
+	// documented boundary narrowing — not a blind assertion. Memoized so the
+	// `?? {}` fallback doesn't produce a fresh object on each render.
+	const spec = useMemo<DashboardtypesTimeSeriesPanelSpecDTO>(
+		() =>
+			(panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec ?? {}) as DashboardtypesTimeSeriesPanelSpecDTO,
+		[panel?.spec?.plugin?.spec],
+	);
+
+	const builderQueries = useMemo(
+		() => getBuilderQueries(panel?.spec?.queries),
+		[panel?.spec?.queries],
+	);
+
+	// X-scale clamps come from the request that produced the data, so each
+	// panel pins to the window it actually fetched — important during
+	// drag-zoom transitions when the time picker has moved but new data
+	// hasn't arrived yet. Falls back to the global picker inside the helper.
+	// The generated request DTO is structurally the hand-written V5 request;
+	// the cast is the documented boundary.
+	const { minTimeScale, maxTimeScale } = useMemo(() => {
+		const { startTime, endTime } = getTimeRangeFromQueryRangeRequest(
+			data?.requestPayload as unknown as QueryRangeRequestV5 | undefined,
+		);
+		return { minTimeScale: startTime, maxTimeScale: endTime };
+	}, [data?.requestPayload]);
+
+	const groupByPerQuery = useGroupByPerQuery(builderQueries);
+
+	const flatSeries = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			flattenTimeSeries(
+				getTimeSeriesResults(data?.response),
+				data?.legendMap ?? {},
+			),
+		[data?.response, data?.legendMap],
+	);
+
+	const config = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			buildTimeSeriesConfig({
+				panelId,
+				spec,
+				builderQueries,
+				series: flatSeries,
+				stepIntervals: getExecStats(data?.response)?.stepIntervals,
+				isDarkMode,
+				timezone,
+				panelMode,
+				minTimeScale,
+				maxTimeScale,
+				onDragSelect,
+			}),
+		[
+			panelId,
+			spec,
+			builderQueries,
+			flatSeries,
+			data?.response,
+			isDarkMode,
+			timezone,
+			panelMode,
+			minTimeScale,
+			maxTimeScale,
+			onDragSelect,
+			// `config` gets mutated by TooltipPlugin (config.setCursor for cursor sync).
+			// Rebuild it on syncMode changes so the new chart instance starts from a
+			// clean config — otherwise switching to "No Sync" would inherit stale sync
+			// settings from the previous mode.
+			dashboardPreference?.syncMode,
+		],
+	);
+
+	const chartData = useMemo(() => prepareAlignedData(flatSeries), [flatSeries]);
+
+	const decimalPrecision = useMemo(
+		() => resolveDecimalPrecision(spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision),
+		[spec.formatting?.decimalPrecision],
+	);
+
+	const legendPosition = useMemo(() => {
+		return resolveLegendPosition(spec.legend?.position);
+	}, [spec.legend?.position]);
+
+	const renderTooltipFooter = useCallback(
+		({ isPinned, dismiss }: IRenderTooltipFooterArgs) => (
+			<TooltipFooter id={panelId} isPinned={isPinned} dismiss={dismiss} />
+		),
+		[panelId],
+	);
+
+	/**
+	 * The uPlot key prop is the only way to force a full teardown and re-mount
+	 * of the chart. By including the syncMode and syncFilterMode in the key,
+	 * we ensure that changes to these preferences trigger a fresh chart instance,
+	 * preventing stale sync settings from being inherited.
+	 */
+	const key = `${dashboardPreference?.syncMode}-${dashboardPreference?.syncFilterMode}`;
+
+	const handleChartClick = useCallback(
+		(args: ChartClickData) => {
+			onClick?.(args);
+		},
+		[onClick],
+	);
+
+	return (
+		<div
+			ref={graphRef}
+			data-testid="time-series-renderer"
+			className={PanelStyles.panelContainer}
+		>
+			{containerDimensions.width > 0 && containerDimensions.height > 0 && (
+				<TimeSeries
+					key={key}
+					config={config}
+					data={chartData}
+					legendConfig={{ position: legendPosition }}
+					groupByPerQuery={groupByPerQuery}
+					canPinTooltip
+					timezone={timezone}
+					yAxisUnit={spec.formatting?.unit}
+					decimalPrecision={decimalPrecision}
+					width={containerDimensions.width}
+					height={containerDimensions.height}
+					syncMode={dashboardPreference?.syncMode}
+					syncFilterMode={dashboardPreference?.syncFilterMode}
+					renderTooltipFooter={renderTooltipFooter}
+					onClick={handleChartClick}
+				/>
+			)}
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default TimeSeriesPanelRenderer;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/TimeSeriesPanel/buildConfig.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+import type { DashboardtypesTimeSeriesPanelSpecDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { Timezone } from 'components/CustomTimePicker/timezoneUtils';
+import { PANEL_TYPES } from 'constants/queryBuilder';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import { buildBaseConfig } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/baseConfigBuilder';
+import {
+	FILL_MODE_MAP,
+	LINE_INTERPOLATION_MAP,
+	LINE_STYLE_MAP,
+	resolveSpanGaps,
+} from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/chartAppearanceMappings';
+import { resolveSeriesLabelV5 } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/resolveSeriesLabel';
+import type { PanelSeries } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+import {
+	hasSingleVisiblePoint,
+	toClickPluginPayload,
+} from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/uplotData';
+import getLabelName from 'lib/getLabelName';
+import { OnClickPluginOpts } from 'lib/uPlotLib/plugins/onClickPlugin';
+import {
+	DrawStyle,
+	FillMode,
+	LineInterpolation,
+	LineStyle,
+} from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/types';
+import { UPlotConfigBuilder } from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/UPlotConfigBuilder';
+import type { BuilderQuery } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+
+const DEFAULT_POINT_SIZE = 5;
+
+export interface BuildTimeSeriesConfigArgs {
+	panelId: string;
+	spec: DashboardtypesTimeSeriesPanelSpecDTO;
+	/**
+	 * Flat list of builder queries on this panel (see `getBuilderQueries`).
+	 * Powers per-query legend resolution; empty for non-builder panels.
+	 */
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[];
+	/** Flattened V5 series (see `flattenTimeSeries`). */
+	series: PanelSeries[];
+	/** Per-query step intervals from the response exec stats. */
+	stepIntervals?: Record<string, number>;
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+	timezone: Timezone;
+	panelMode: PanelMode;
+	onDragSelect?: (start: number, end: number) => void;
+	onClick?: OnClickPluginOpts['onClick'];
+	minTimeScale?: number;
+	maxTimeScale?: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds a fully-wired `UPlotConfigBuilder` for a TimeSeries panel.
+ *
+ * Delegates the panel-agnostic scaffolding (scales, thresholds, axes,
+ * drag-to-zoom, click plugin) to the shared `buildBaseConfig`, then layers
+ * in the TimeSeries-specific concern: one series per result, with visuals
+ * resolved from `spec.chartAppearance`.
+ */
+export function buildTimeSeriesConfig({
+	panelId,
+	spec,
+	builderQueries,
+	series,
+	stepIntervals,
+	isDarkMode,
+	timezone,
+	panelMode,
+	onDragSelect,
+	onClick,
+	minTimeScale,
+	maxTimeScale,
+}: BuildTimeSeriesConfigArgs): UPlotConfigBuilder {
+	const builder = buildBaseConfig({
+		panelId,
+		panelType: PANEL_TYPES.TIME_SERIES,
+		isDarkMode,
+		timezone,
+		panelMode,
+		isLogScale: spec.axes?.isLogScale,
+		softMin: spec.axes?.softMin ?? undefined,
+		softMax: spec.axes?.softMax ?? undefined,
+		formatting: spec.formatting,
+		thresholds: spec.thresholds,
+		stepIntervals,
+		clickPayload: toClickPluginPayload(series),
+		minTimeScale,
+		maxTimeScale,
+		onDragSelect,
+		onClick,
+	});
+
+	addSeries({ builder, spec, builderQueries, series, isDarkMode });
+
+	return builder;
+}
+
+interface AddSeriesArgs {
+	builder: UPlotConfigBuilder;
+	spec: DashboardtypesTimeSeriesPanelSpecDTO;
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[];
+	series: PanelSeries[];
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adds one uPlot series per flattened V5 series to the scaffolded builder.
+ * The visual resolution (line style, interpolation, fill mode, span gaps)
+ * reads from `spec.chartAppearance`; the label is resolved via the legend
+ * matrix in `resolveSeriesLabelV5`. Mutates the builder in place.
+ *
+ * Order must match `prepareAlignedData` — both iterate the same flat list.
+ */
+function addSeries({
+	builder,
+	spec,
+	builderQueries,
+	series,
+	isDarkMode,
+}: AddSeriesArgs): void {
+	const chartAppearance = spec.chartAppearance;
+	// `customColors` is nullable on the spec; coerce so `addSeries` always gets
+	// a defined record (it dereferences keys without a guard).
+	const colorMapping = spec.legend?.customColors ?? {};
+	const spanGaps = resolveSpanGaps(chartAppearance?.spanGaps?.fillLessThan);
+
+	const lineStyle = chartAppearance?.lineStyle
+		? LINE_STYLE_MAP[chartAppearance.lineStyle]
+		: LineStyle.Solid;
+	const lineInterpolation = chartAppearance?.lineInterpolation
+		? LINE_INTERPOLATION_MAP[chartAppearance.lineInterpolation]
+		: LineInterpolation.Spline;
+	const fillMode = chartAppearance?.fillMode
+		? FILL_MODE_MAP[chartAppearance.fillMode]
+		: FillMode.None;
+
+	series.forEach((s) => {
+		const hasSingleValidPoint = hasSingleVisiblePoint(s.values);
+		const baseLabel = getLabelName(s.labels, s.queryName, s.legend);
+		const label = resolveSeriesLabelV5(s, builderQueries, baseLabel);
+
+		builder.addSeries({
+			scaleKey: 'y',
+			// A single visible point can't be drawn as a line — degrade to points
+			// so the user still sees the datum (matches V1 behavior).
+			drawStyle: hasSingleValidPoint ? DrawStyle.Points : DrawStyle.Line,
+			label,
+			colorMapping,
+			spanGaps,
+			lineStyle,
+			lineInterpolation,
+			showPoints: chartAppearance?.showPoints || hasSingleValidPoint,
+			pointSize: DEFAULT_POINT_SIZE,
+			fillMode,
+			isDarkMode,
+			metric: s.labels,
+		});
+	});
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/TimeSeriesPanel/definition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { DataSource } from 'types/common/queryBuilder';
+
+import type { PanelDefinition } from '../../types/panelDefinition';
+import Renderer from './Renderer';
+import { sections } from './sections';
+
+export const definition: PanelDefinition<'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel'> = {
+	kind: 'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel',
+	displayName: 'Time Series',
+	Renderer,
+	sections,
+	supportedSignals: [DataSource.METRICS, DataSource.LOGS, DataSource.TRACES],
+	actions: { view: true, edit: true, download: false, createAlert: true },
+};

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/kinds/TimeSeriesPanel/sections.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { SectionConfig } from '../../types/sections';
+
+export const sections: SectionConfig[] = [
+	{
+		kind: 'formatting',
+		controls: {
+			unit: true,
+			decimals: true,
+		},
+	},
+	{ kind: 'axes', controls: { minMax: true, unit: true, logScale: true } },
+	{ kind: 'legend', controls: { position: true, mode: true } },
+	{ kind: 'thresholds', controls: { list: true } },
+	{ kind: 'chartAppearance', controls: { lineStyle: true, fillOpacity: true } },
+];

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/panel.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+.panelContainer {
+	flex: 1;
+	min-width: 0;
+	min-height: 0;
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	height: 100%;
+	position: relative;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/interactions.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import type { ChartClickData } from 'lib/uPlotV2/plugins/TooltipPlugin/types';
+
+/**
+ * Source-tagged click events. The three uPlot panels share `ChartClickEvent`;
+ * each non-chart kind carries the context its drill-down needs. The `source`
+ * tag lets a kind-agnostic consumer (the render boundary, a shared drill-down
+ * handler) discriminate without assuming a chart shape.
+ */
+export type ChartClickEvent = ChartClickData;
+export type TableClickEvent = {
+	rowData: Record<string, unknown>;
+	columnId?: string;
+};
+export type ListClickEvent = {
+	rowData: Record<string, unknown>;
+};
+export type PieClickEvent = { label: string; value: number };
+
+/** Union of every panel click event — switched on by `source` at the boundary. */
+export type PanelClickEvent =
+	| ChartClickEvent
+	| TableClickEvent
+	| ListClickEvent
+	| PieClickEvent;
+
+type DragSelect = (start: number, end: number) => void;
+
+/**
+ * Per-kind interaction props. Each panel kind exposes ONLY the gestures it
+ * supports: chart panels get a chart-shaped `onClick`, time-axis charts add
+ * `onDragSelect`, histograms have no drag-to-zoom, a NumberPanel has no
+ * interactions at all. Keys mirror `PanelKind`; `PanelRendererProps<K>` in
+ * rendererProps.ts indexes this map, so a missing kind is a compile error there.
+ */
+export interface PanelInteractionMap {
+	'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel': {
+		onClick?: (event: ChartClickEvent) => void;
+		onDragSelect?: DragSelect;
+	};
+	'signoz/BarChartPanel': {
+		onClick?: (event: ChartClickEvent) => void;
+		onDragSelect?: DragSelect;
+	};
+	'signoz/HistogramPanel': { onClick?: (event: ChartClickEvent) => void };
+	'signoz/TablePanel': { onClick?: (event: TableClickEvent) => void };
+	'signoz/ListPanel': { onClick?: (event: ListClickEvent) => void };
+	'signoz/PieChartPanel': { onClick?: (event: PieClickEvent) => void };
+	'signoz/NumberPanel': Record<string, never>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Widest interaction surface — used where the panel kind is not known
+ * statically (the registry render boundary; see `getPanelDefinition`). It is
+ * the structural supertype the per-kind shapes are cast to exactly once.
+ */
+export interface AnyPanelInteractionProps {
+	onClick?: (event: PanelClickEvent) => void;
+	onDragSelect?: DragSelect;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/panelDefinition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import type { ComponentType } from 'react';
+import { DataSource } from 'types/common/queryBuilder';
+
+import type { SectionConfig } from './sections';
+import type { AnyPanelInteractionProps } from './interactions';
+import type { PanelKind } from './panelKind';
+import type { BaseRendererProps, PanelRendererProps } from './rendererProps';
+
+/**
+ * Kind-level action capabilities: which panel actions THIS kind supports.
+ * Declared per-kind in `kinds/<Kind>/definition.ts` — the field is required,
+ * so registering a new kind forces an explicit decision for every action
+ * (mirroring how PanelInteractionMap forces per-kind interaction coverage).
+ *
+ * Chrome actions (move to section, clone, delete) are dashboard-layout
+ * concerns, available for every panel — including kinds V2 can't render —
+ * and are intentionally not declarable here.
+ */
+export interface PanelActionCapabilities {
+	/** Kind has a full-screen view — gates the "View" action. */
+	view: boolean;
+	/** Kind is editable in the V2 panel editor — gates the "Edit panel" action. */
+	edit: boolean;
+	/**
+	 * Kind's data can be exported as CSV — gates "Download as CSV". V1 parity:
+	 * only table panels carry tabular data worth exporting.
+	 */
+	download: boolean;
+	/** Kind's query can seed a new alert — gates "Create Alerts". */
+	createAlert: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface PanelDefinition<K extends PanelKind = PanelKind> {
+	kind: K;
+	displayName: string;
+	Renderer: ComponentType<PanelRendererProps<K>>;
+	sections: SectionConfig[];
+	supportedSignals: DataSource[];
+	actions: PanelActionCapabilities;
+}
+
+// Keyed registry that preserves the kind ↔ definition correlation: indexing
+// with a literal kind yields that kind's exactly-typed PanelDefinition.
+export type PanelRegistry = { [K in PanelKind]?: PanelDefinition<K> };
+
+// A PanelDefinition whose Renderer is widened to the kind-agnostic prop surface.
+// At the render boundary the concrete kind isn't known statically (a registry
+// lookup returns a union over kinds), so getPanelDefinition resolves to this —
+// concentrating the single unavoidable cast in one place instead of leaking it
+// to every call site.
+export interface RenderablePanelDefinition extends Omit<
+	PanelDefinition,
+	'Renderer'
+> {
+	Renderer: ComponentType<BaseRendererProps & AnyPanelInteractionProps>;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/panelKind.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { PANEL_TYPES } from 'constants/queryBuilder';
+
+export type PanelKind =
+	| 'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel'
+	| 'signoz/BarChartPanel'
+	| 'signoz/NumberPanel'
+	| 'signoz/PieChartPanel'
+	| 'signoz/TablePanel'
+	| 'signoz/HistogramPanel'
+	| 'signoz/ListPanel';
+
+export const PANEL_KIND_TO_PANEL_TYPE: Record<PanelKind, PANEL_TYPES> = {
+	'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel': PANEL_TYPES.TIME_SERIES,
+	'signoz/BarChartPanel': PANEL_TYPES.BAR,
+	'signoz/NumberPanel': PANEL_TYPES.VALUE,
+	'signoz/PieChartPanel': PANEL_TYPES.PIE,
+	'signoz/TablePanel': PANEL_TYPES.TABLE,
+	'signoz/HistogramPanel': PANEL_TYPES.HISTOGRAM,
+	'signoz/ListPanel': PANEL_TYPES.LIST,
+};

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/rendererProps.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import type {
+	DashboardCursorSync,
+	SyncTooltipFilterMode,
+} from 'lib/uPlotV2/plugins/TooltipPlugin/types';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import type { PanelQueryData } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+
+import type { PanelInteractionMap } from './interactions';
+import type { PanelKind } from './panelKind';
+
+/**
+ * Dashboard-wide rendering preferences propagated down to every panel renderer
+ * on the same dashboard. Lets the shell push cross-panel concerns (cursor
+ * sync, tooltip filter mode, dashboard id for scoped state) without each
+ * renderer rediscovering them via hooks. All fields are optional — non-
+ * dashboard render contexts (PanelEditor preview, standalone view) can pass
+ * an empty object and the renderer will fall back to sensible defaults.
+ */
+export interface DashboardPreference {
+	/**
+	 * Cursor-sync mode for the dashboard. Drives the uPlot tooltip plugin so
+	 * hovering one panel highlights the corresponding x on every other panel.
+	 */
+	syncMode?: DashboardCursorSync;
+	/**
+	 * Filter applied to the synced tooltip across panels (e.g. only show series
+	 * whose label matches the hovered series).
+	 */
+	syncFilterMode?: SyncTooltipFilterMode;
+	/**
+	 * Dashboard id — useful for renderers that scope per-dashboard state
+	 * (e.g. pinned-tooltip persistence, drill-down history).
+	 */
+	dashboardId?: string;
+}
+
+// Kind-agnostic props every renderer receives, regardless of panel kind. The
+// kind-specific interaction props (onClick payload, onDragSelect) are layered
+// on per-kind by PanelRendererProps<K>.
+export interface BaseRendererProps {
+	panelId: string;
+	/**
+	 * The whole perses panel — renderers derive their concrete `spec` and the
+	 * perses-shaped `queries` from this. Passing the full panel keeps the prop
+	 * surface stable as new panel-level fields are added to the wire format.
+	 */
+	panel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO | undefined;
+	/** Raw V5 fetch result — response + the request that produced it. */
+	data?: PanelQueryData;
+	isLoading: boolean;
+	error: Error | null;
+	/** Gate for the drill-down right-click menu. Off by default in V2. */
+	enableDrillDown?: boolean;
+	/**
+	 * Render context — varies behavior (e.g. dashboard widget vs. standalone
+	 * full-screen vs. inside the editor). See PanelMode for the contract.
+	 */
+	panelMode: PanelMode;
+	/**
+	 * Dashboard-level preferences that should propagate to every panel
+	 * (cursor sync, tooltip filter mode, dashboard id). The shell owns
+	 * resolving these; the renderer just consumes them.
+	 */
+	dashboardPreference?: DashboardPreference;
+}
+
+// Renderer props for a specific panel kind: the shared base plus that kind's
+// interaction surface (PanelInteractionMap[K]). Each renderer annotates with
+// its own kind — e.g. PanelRendererProps<'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel'> — so it can
+// only reference the gestures that kind supports. Indexing PanelInteractionMap
+// here forces the map to cover every PanelKind. The default K = PanelKind
+// yields the widest surface (a union over all kinds).
+export type PanelRendererProps<K extends PanelKind = PanelKind> =
+	BaseRendererProps & PanelInteractionMap[K];

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/sections.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import {
+	BarChart,
+	Columns3,
+	Hash,
+	ListEnd,
+	Palette,
+	Ruler,
+	SlidersHorizontal,
+} from '@signozhq/icons';
+
+// Derived from an actual icon component so the type stays exact (size is a
+// constrained IconSize union, not arbitrary strings) and ForwardRef-compatible.
+export type SectionIcon = typeof Hash;
+
+export interface SectionMetadata {
+	title: string;
+	icon: SectionIcon;
+	description?: string;
+}
+
+// Per-kind control toggles (type-only — runtime metadata is in SECTIONS).
+// Section components type their controls prop via `SectionControls['axes']`.
+export type SectionControls = {
+	formatting: { unit?: boolean; decimals?: boolean };
+	axes: { minMax?: boolean; unit?: boolean; logScale?: boolean };
+	legend: { position?: boolean; mode?: boolean };
+	thresholds: { list?: boolean };
+	chartAppearance: {
+		lineStyle?: boolean;
+		fillOpacity?: boolean;
+		stacked?: boolean;
+	};
+	columnUnits: { perColumnUnit?: boolean };
+	buckets: { count?: boolean; min?: boolean; max?: boolean };
+};
+
+// Source of truth for sections. Its keys define SectionKind; its values are the
+// runtime UI metadata (consumed by PanelEditor in 1.8). Adding a new section =
+// one entry here + one entry in SectionControls.
+export const SECTIONS = {
+	formatting: { title: 'Formatting', icon: Hash },
+	axes: { title: 'Axes', icon: Ruler },
+	legend: { title: 'Legend', icon: ListEnd },
+	thresholds: { title: 'Thresholds', icon: SlidersHorizontal },
+	chartAppearance: { title: 'Chart appearance', icon: Palette },
+	columnUnits: { title: 'Column units', icon: Columns3 },
+	buckets: { title: 'Buckets', icon: BarChart },
+} as const satisfies Record<string, SectionMetadata>;
+
+export type SectionKind = keyof typeof SECTIONS;
+
+// Discriminated union derived from SectionControls — kept in lockstep automatically.
+export type SectionConfig = {
+	[K in SectionKind]: { kind: K; controls: SectionControls[K] };
+}[SectionKind];

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/threshold.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/**
+ * V2-native threshold model.
+ *
+ * The panel spec carries thresholds as `DashboardtypesComparisonThresholdDTO`
+ * (operator/format expressed as `above`/`below`/`text`/`background`). For
+ * evaluation and rendering we work with the symbol operators and lowercase
+ * display formats, kept here so V2 panels never reach into the V1
+ * `container/NewWidget` `ThresholdProps` shape.
+ */
+
+/** Comparison operators a threshold can use, as evaluable symbols. */
+export type ThresholdComparisonOperator = '>' | '<' | '>=' | '<=' | '=' | '!=';
+
+/** How a matched threshold recolors the panel. */
+export type ThresholdDisplayFormat = 'text' | 'background';
+
+/**
+ * A threshold normalized for evaluation/rendering. `operator`/`format` are
+ * optional because the spec allows partially-configured thresholds; a
+ * threshold with no operator never matches.
+ */
+export interface PanelThreshold {
+	color: string;
+	operator?: ThresholdComparisonOperator;
+	value: number;
+	/** Unit the threshold value is expressed in; converted to the panel unit before comparison. */
+	unit?: string;
+	format?: ThresholdDisplayFormat;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/__tests__/evaluateThresholds.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import type { PanelThreshold } from '../../types/threshold';
+import {
+	doesValueMatchThreshold,
+	resolveActiveThreshold,
+} from '../evaluateThresholds';
+
+const threshold = (overrides: Partial<PanelThreshold>): PanelThreshold => ({
+	color: '#f00',
+	value: 100,
+	operator: '>',
+	...overrides,
+});
+
+describe('doesValueMatchThreshold', () => {
+	it.each([
+		['>', 150, 100, true],
+		['>', 50, 100, false],
+		['<', 50, 100, true],
+		['>=', 100, 100, true],
+		['<=', 100, 100, true],
+		['=', 100, 100, true],
+		['!=', 150, 100, true],
+	] as const)('evaluates %s (%d vs %d)', (operator, value, target, expected) => {
+		expect(
+			doesValueMatchThreshold(value, threshold({ operator, value: target })),
+		).toBe(expected);
+	});
+
+	it('never matches a threshold without an operator', () => {
+		expect(doesValueMatchThreshold(150, threshold({ operator: undefined }))).toBe(
+			false,
+		);
+	});
+
+	it('compares the raw value when units are in different categories', () => {
+		// 'bytes' vs 'ms' belong to different categories, so conversion is invalid
+		// and the comparison falls back to the raw value (150 > 100).
+		expect(
+			doesValueMatchThreshold(150, threshold({ value: 100, unit: 'bytes' }), 'ms'),
+		).toBe(true);
+	});
+});
+
+describe('resolveActiveThreshold', () => {
+	it('returns no threshold when none match', () => {
+		const result = resolveActiveThreshold([threshold({ value: 1000 })], 10);
+		expect(result.threshold).toBeNull();
+		expect(result.isConflicting).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('flags a conflict and picks the earliest-declared match', () => {
+		const first = threshold({ color: '#aaa', operator: '>', value: 0 });
+		const second = threshold({ color: '#bbb', operator: '>', value: 100 });
+
+		const result = resolveActiveThreshold([first, second], 150);
+
+		expect(result.isConflicting).toBe(true);
+		expect(result.threshold).toBe(first);
+	});
+
+	it('returns the single matching threshold without a conflict', () => {
+		const only = threshold({ color: '#abc', operator: '>', value: 100 });
+		const result = resolveActiveThreshold(
+			[only, threshold({ value: 9999 })],
+			150,
+		);
+
+		expect(result.threshold).toBe(only);
+		expect(result.isConflicting).toBe(false);
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/__tests__/formatPanelValue.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { PrecisionOptionsEnum } from 'components/Graph/types';
+
+import { formatPanelValue } from '../formatPanelValue';
+
+describe('formatPanelValue', () => {
+	it('applies the configured precision and appends the unit label', () => {
+		// The unit-aware formatter returns value + label as one string; the
+		// ValueDisplay splits it into numeric/suffix parts when rendering.
+		expect(formatPanelValue(295.4299833508185, 'ms', 2)).toBe('295.43 ms');
+	});
+
+	// Regression: precision must apply even with no unit. The old gate
+	// (`unit ? format() : value.toString()`) dropped precision on unitless
+	// panels, so decimal-precision changes had no visible effect.
+	it('applies precision when NO unit is set', () => {
+		expect(formatPanelValue(3.14159, undefined, 2)).toBe('3.14');
+		expect(formatPanelValue(3.14159, '', 2)).toBe('3.14');
+	});
+
+	it('honors full precision without a unit', () => {
+		expect(formatPanelValue(3.14159, undefined, PrecisionOptionsEnum.FULL)).toBe(
+			'3.14159',
+		);
+	});
+
+	it('drops the fractional part at precision 0', () => {
+		expect(formatPanelValue(3.14159, undefined, 0)).toBe('3');
+	});
+
+	it('renders whole numbers without a trailing decimal', () => {
+		expect(formatPanelValue(5, undefined, 2)).toBe('5');
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/__tests__/resolveSeriesLabel.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import type { PanelSeries } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+import type { BuilderQuery } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+
+import { resolveSeriesLabelV5 } from '../resolveSeriesLabel';
+
+// Fixtures cast at the boundary; the v5 BuilderQuery union is too verbose to
+// construct field-typed inline.
+
+function builderQuery(spec: Record<string, unknown>): BuilderQuery {
+	return spec as unknown as BuilderQuery;
+}
+
+function panelSeries(overrides: Partial<PanelSeries> = {}): PanelSeries {
+	return {
+		queryName: 'A',
+		legend: '',
+		labels: { host: 'h1' },
+		kind: 'series',
+		values: [],
+		aggregation: { index: 0, alias: '' },
+		...overrides,
+	};
+}
+
+describe('resolveSeriesLabelV5', () => {
+	it('returns baseLabel for panels without builder queries (promql/clickhouse)', () => {
+		expect(resolveSeriesLabelV5(panelSeries(), [], 'base')).toBe('base');
+	});
+
+	it('returns baseLabel when no query matches the series queryName', () => {
+		expect(
+			resolveSeriesLabelV5(
+				panelSeries({ queryName: 'Z' }),
+				[builderQuery({ name: 'A' })],
+				'base',
+			),
+		).toBe('base');
+	});
+
+	it('falls back to baseLabel || queryName when the aggregation has no alias/expression (metrics)', () => {
+		const queries = [
+			builderQuery({ name: 'A', aggregations: [{ metricName: 'cpu' }] }),
+		];
+		expect(resolveSeriesLabelV5(panelSeries(), queries, 'base')).toBe('base');
+		expect(resolveSeriesLabelV5(panelSeries(), queries, '')).toBe('A');
+	});
+
+	it('single query + groupBy + single aggregation → baseLabel', () => {
+		const queries = [
+			builderQuery({
+				name: 'A',
+				groupBy: [{ name: 'host' }],
+				aggregations: [{ expression: 'count()', alias: '' }],
+			}),
+		];
+		expect(resolveSeriesLabelV5(panelSeries(), queries, 'h1')).toBe('h1');
+	});
+
+	it('single query + groupBy + multiple aggregations → "alias-or-expression"-baseLabel', () => {
+		const queries = [
+			builderQuery({
+				name: 'A',
+				groupBy: [{ name: 'host' }],
+				aggregations: [
+					{ expression: 'count()', alias: '' },
+					{ expression: 'avg(x)', alias: 'mean' },
+				],
+			}),
+		];
+		expect(
+			resolveSeriesLabelV5(
+				panelSeries({ aggregation: { index: 1, alias: 'mean' } }),
+				queries,
+				'h1',
+			),
+		).toBe('mean-h1');
+	});
+
+	it('single query, no groupBy, single aggregation → alias || legend || expression', () => {
+		const queries = [
+			builderQuery({
+				name: 'A',
+				legend: 'My legend',
+				aggregations: [{ expression: 'count()', alias: '' }],
+			}),
+		];
+		expect(resolveSeriesLabelV5(panelSeries({ labels: {} }), queries, 'A')).toBe(
+			'My legend',
+		);
+	});
+
+	it('multiple queries, no groupBy, single aggregation → alias || baseLabel', () => {
+		const queries = [
+			builderQuery({ name: 'A', aggregations: [{ expression: 'count()' }] }),
+			builderQuery({ name: 'B', aggregations: [{ expression: 'sum(y)' }] }),
+		];
+		expect(
+			resolveSeriesLabelV5(panelSeries({ labels: {} }), queries, 'base'),
+		).toBe('base');
+	});
+
+	it('resolves via the aggregation index carried on the series', () => {
+		const queries = [
+			builderQuery({
+				name: 'A',
+				aggregations: [
+					{ expression: 'count()', alias: 'hits' },
+					{ expression: 'avg(x)', alias: 'mean' },
+				],
+			}),
+		];
+		expect(
+			resolveSeriesLabelV5(
+				panelSeries({ labels: {}, aggregation: { index: 1, alias: 'mean' } }),
+				queries,
+				'',
+			),
+		).toBe('mean');
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/baseConfigBuilder.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+import type {
+	DashboardtypesPanelFormattingDTO,
+	DashboardtypesThresholdWithLabelDTO,
+} from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { Timezone } from 'components/CustomTimePicker/timezoneUtils';
+import { PANEL_TYPES } from 'constants/queryBuilder';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import onClickPlugin, {
+	OnClickPluginOpts,
+} from 'lib/uPlotLib/plugins/onClickPlugin';
+import {
+	DistributionType,
+	SelectionPreferencesSource,
+} from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/types';
+import { UPlotConfigBuilder } from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/UPlotConfigBuilder';
+import { ThresholdsDrawHookOptions } from 'lib/uPlotV2/hooks/types';
+import { MetricRangePayloadProps } from 'types/api/metrics/getQueryRange';
+import uPlot from 'uplot';
+
+/**
+ * Inputs for the shared V2 chart pipeline. Mirrors the V1 helper of the same
+ * name but accepts perses-shaped inputs directly (so callers don't translate
+ * once per panel). The series-rendering step is panel-specific and lives in
+ * each panel's `utils.ts` — this helper only wires the scaffolding (scales,
+ * thresholds, axes, drag-to-zoom, click plugin).
+ */
+export interface BuildBaseConfigArgs {
+	panelId: string;
+	panelType: PANEL_TYPES;
+	isDarkMode: boolean;
+	timezone: Timezone;
+	panelMode: PanelMode;
+
+	/** From `spec.axes` — drives the Y scale and (when log) both scales' base. */
+	isLogScale?: boolean;
+	softMin?: number;
+	softMax?: number;
+
+	/** From `spec.formatting.unit` — drives Y axis tick formatting + threshold formatting. */
+	formatting?: DashboardtypesPanelFormattingDTO;
+
+	/** From `spec.thresholds` — perses shape, mapped to the draw-hook shape internally. */
+	thresholds?: DashboardtypesThresholdWithLabelDTO[] | null;
+
+	/** Per-query step intervals from the response exec stats. */
+	stepIntervals?: Record<string, number>;
+	/**
+	 * Tuple-shaped payload for the shared click plugin (see
+	 * `toClickPluginPayload`). Omitted by panels without click interactions.
+	 */
+	clickPayload?: MetricRangePayloadProps;
+
+	/** Time-range clamps for the X scale (typically from `getTimeRange(apiResponse)`). */
+	minTimeScale?: number;
+	maxTimeScale?: number;
+
+	/** Optional — histogram and other non-time panels omit drag-to-zoom. */
+	onDragSelect?: (start: number, end: number) => void;
+	onClick?: OnClickPluginOpts['onClick'];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds the panel-agnostic scaffolding of a uPlot chart: scales, thresholds,
+ * axes, drag-to-zoom, click plugin. Callers (TimeSeriesPanel, BarPanel, …)
+ * then call `addSeries`/`addPlugin` on the returned builder for their own
+ * panel-specific rendering.
+ */
+export function buildBaseConfig({
+	panelId,
+	panelType,
+	isDarkMode,
+	timezone,
+	panelMode,
+	isLogScale,
+	softMin,
+	softMax,
+	formatting,
+	thresholds,
+	stepIntervals,
+	clickPayload,
+	minTimeScale,
+	maxTimeScale,
+	onDragSelect,
+	onClick,
+}: BuildBaseConfigArgs): UPlotConfigBuilder {
+	const yAxisUnit = formatting?.unit;
+
+	const builder = new UPlotConfigBuilder({
+		id: panelId,
+		onDragSelect,
+		tzDate: makeTzDate(timezone),
+		shouldSaveSelectionPreference: panelMode === PanelMode.DASHBOARD_VIEW,
+		selectionPreferencesSource: resolveSelectionPreferencesSource(panelMode),
+		stepInterval: stepIntervals ? minStepInterval(stepIntervals) : undefined,
+	});
+
+	const thresholdOptions: ThresholdsDrawHookOptions = {
+		scaleKey: 'y',
+		thresholds: mapThresholds(thresholds),
+		yAxisUnit,
+	};
+
+	builder.addThresholds(thresholdOptions);
+
+	builder.addScale({
+		scaleKey: 'x',
+		time: true,
+		min: minTimeScale,
+		max: maxTimeScale,
+		logBase: isLogScale ? 10 : undefined,
+		distribution: isLogScale
+			? DistributionType.Logarithmic
+			: DistributionType.Linear,
+	});
+
+	builder.addScale({
+		scaleKey: 'y',
+		time: false,
+		min: undefined,
+		max: undefined,
+		softMin,
+		softMax,
+		thresholds: thresholdOptions,
+		logBase: isLogScale ? 10 : undefined,
+		distribution: isLogScale
+			? DistributionType.Logarithmic
+			: DistributionType.Linear,
+	});
+
+	if (typeof onClick === 'function') {
+		builder.addPlugin(onClickPlugin({ onClick, apiResponse: clickPayload }));
+	}
+
+	builder.addAxis({
+		scaleKey: 'x',
+		show: true,
+		side: 2,
+		isDarkMode,
+		isLogScale,
+		panelType,
+	});
+
+	builder.addAxis({
+		scaleKey: 'y',
+		show: true,
+		side: 3,
+		isDarkMode,
+		isLogScale,
+		yAxisUnit,
+		panelType,
+	});
+
+	return builder;
+}
+
+function makeTzDate(
+	timezone: Timezone,
+): ((timestamp: number) => Date) | undefined {
+	if (!timezone) {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+	return (timestamp: number): Date =>
+		uPlot.tzDate(new Date(timestamp * 1e3), timezone.value);
+}
+
+function resolveSelectionPreferencesSource(
+	panelMode: PanelMode,
+): SelectionPreferencesSource {
+	return panelMode === PanelMode.DASHBOARD_VIEW ||
+		panelMode === PanelMode.STANDALONE_VIEW
+		? SelectionPreferencesSource.LOCAL_STORAGE
+		: SelectionPreferencesSource.IN_MEMORY;
+}
+
+// Perses-shape thresholds → the draw-hook shape uPlotV2 consumes. Exported so
+// panels that need to feed the same threshold list elsewhere (e.g. to a series
+// `addSeries` thresholds hook) don't have to redo the mapping.
+export function mapThresholds(
+	thresholds: DashboardtypesThresholdWithLabelDTO[] | null | undefined,
+): ThresholdsDrawHookOptions['thresholds'] {
+	if (!thresholds || thresholds.length === 0) {
+		return [];
+	}
+	return thresholds.map((t) => ({
+		thresholdValue: t.value,
+		thresholdColor: t.color,
+		thresholdUnit: t.unit,
+		thresholdLabel: t.label,
+	}));
+}
+
+/**
+ * V5 backend reports per-query step intervals; we feed the smallest one through
+ * to uPlot so the X-axis tick density matches the densest query. An empty map
+ * yields `Infinity` from `Math.min`, which would corrupt downstream scale math —
+ * fall back to `undefined` (uPlot's "auto") in that case.
+ */
+function minStepInterval(
+	stepIntervals: Record<string, number>,
+): number | undefined {
+	const values = Object.values(stepIntervals);
+	if (values.length === 0) {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+	const min = Math.min(...values);
+	return Number.isFinite(min) ? min : undefined;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/chartAppearanceMappings.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+import {
+	DashboardtypesFillModeDTO,
+	DashboardtypesLegendPositionDTO,
+	DashboardtypesLineInterpolationDTO,
+	DashboardtypesLineStyleDTO,
+	DashboardtypesPrecisionOptionDTO,
+} from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { PrecisionOption, PrecisionOptionsEnum } from 'components/Graph/types';
+import { LegendPosition } from 'lib/uPlotV2/components/types';
+import {
+	FillMode,
+	LineInterpolation,
+	LineStyle,
+} from 'lib/uPlotV2/config/types';
+
+/**
+ * Bridges the V2 dashboard wire-format enums (snake_case, generated from Go)
+ * to the uPlotV2 chart enums (PascalCase). String values diverge between the
+ * two — don't coerce, map.
+ *
+ * Kept as a single source of truth so every panel that reads chart-appearance
+ * fields stays in sync as either side's enum evolves.
+ */
+
+export const LINE_STYLE_MAP: Record<DashboardtypesLineStyleDTO, LineStyle> = {
+	[DashboardtypesLineStyleDTO.solid]: LineStyle.Solid,
+	[DashboardtypesLineStyleDTO.dashed]: LineStyle.Dashed,
+};
+
+export const LINE_INTERPOLATION_MAP: Record<
+	DashboardtypesLineInterpolationDTO,
+	LineInterpolation
+> = {
+	[DashboardtypesLineInterpolationDTO.linear]: LineInterpolation.Linear,
+	[DashboardtypesLineInterpolationDTO.spline]: LineInterpolation.Spline,
+	[DashboardtypesLineInterpolationDTO.step_after]: LineInterpolation.StepAfter,
+	[DashboardtypesLineInterpolationDTO.step_before]: LineInterpolation.StepBefore,
+};
+
+export const FILL_MODE_MAP: Record<DashboardtypesFillModeDTO, FillMode> = {
+	[DashboardtypesFillModeDTO.solid]: FillMode.Solid,
+	[DashboardtypesFillModeDTO.gradient]: FillMode.Gradient,
+	[DashboardtypesFillModeDTO.none]: FillMode.None,
+};
+
+export const LEGEND_POSITION_MAP: Record<
+	DashboardtypesLegendPositionDTO,
+	LegendPosition
+> = {
+	[DashboardtypesLegendPositionDTO.bottom]: LegendPosition.BOTTOM,
+	[DashboardtypesLegendPositionDTO.right]: LegendPosition.RIGHT,
+};
+
+/**
+ * `spec.formatting.decimalPrecision` is a stringified-digit enum on the wire
+ * (`'0'`–`'4'` plus the sentinel `'full'`). The chart consumes a numeric
+ * `PrecisionOption` (`0`–`4`) or the same `'full'` sentinel from its own
+ * enum. Missing / unknown → `undefined` (chart uses its default).
+ */
+export function resolveDecimalPrecision(
+	precision: DashboardtypesPrecisionOptionDTO | undefined,
+): PrecisionOption | undefined {
+	if (!precision) {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+	if (precision === DashboardtypesPrecisionOptionDTO.full) {
+		return PrecisionOptionsEnum.FULL;
+	}
+	const parsed = Number(precision);
+	if (
+		parsed === 0 ||
+		parsed === 1 ||
+		parsed === 2 ||
+		parsed === 3 ||
+		parsed === 4
+	) {
+		return parsed;
+	}
+	return undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * `spec.chartAppearance.spanGaps.fillLessThan` is a stringified number on the
+ * wire. Empty / missing → span all gaps (the chart default). Numeric → forward
+ * the threshold so uPlot only bridges short runs of nulls.
+ */
+export function resolveSpanGaps(
+	fillLessThan: string | undefined,
+): boolean | number {
+	if (!fillLessThan) {
+		return true;
+	}
+	const parsed = Number(fillLessThan);
+	return Number.isFinite(parsed) ? parsed : true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves the legend position for a panel. Missing / unknown values fall
+ * back to `BOTTOM` to match the chart's default and the V1 behavior.
+ */
+export function resolveLegendPosition(
+	position: DashboardtypesLegendPositionDTO | undefined,
+): LegendPosition {
+	if (position && position in LEGEND_POSITION_MAP) {
+		return LEGEND_POSITION_MAP[position];
+	}
+	return LegendPosition.BOTTOM;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/evaluateThresholds.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import {
+	UniversalUnitToGrafanaUnit,
+	YAxisCategoryNames,
+} from 'components/YAxisUnitSelector/constants';
+import { YAxisSource } from 'components/YAxisUnitSelector/types';
+import { getYAxisCategories } from 'components/YAxisUnitSelector/utils';
+import { convertValue } from 'lib/getConvertedValue';
+
+import type {
+	PanelThreshold,
+	ThresholdComparisonOperator,
+} from '../types/threshold';
+
+/**
+ * Threshold evaluation for V2 panels — a self-contained port of the V1
+ * `GridTableComponent`/`ValueGraph` logic that depends only on shared,
+ * non-V1 primitives (`convertValue`, the Y-axis unit catalog). No imports
+ * from `container/NewWidget`, `container/GridTableComponent`, or
+ * `components/ValueGraph`.
+ */
+
+/** Resolves which unit category a unit id belongs to, or null if unknown. */
+function getCategoryName(unitId: string): YAxisCategoryNames | null {
+	const categories = getYAxisCategories(YAxisSource.DASHBOARDS);
+
+	const foundCategory = categories.find((category) =>
+		category.units.some((unit) => {
+			// Category units use universal ids; thresholds/panel units may use
+			// Grafana-style ids. Match either the universal id directly or its
+			// mapped Grafana id.
+			if (unit.id === unitId) {
+				return true;
+			}
+			return UniversalUnitToGrafanaUnit[unit.id] === unitId;
+		}),
+	);
+
+	return foundCategory ? foundCategory.name : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Converts `value` from `fromUnit` to `toUnit`, returning null when the
+ * conversion is invalid (unknown unit, or units in different categories).
+ */
+function convertUnit(
+	value: number,
+	fromUnit?: string,
+	toUnit?: string,
+): number | null {
+	if (!fromUnit || !toUnit) {
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	const fromCategory = getCategoryName(fromUnit);
+	const toCategory = getCategoryName(toUnit);
+
+	if (!fromCategory || !toCategory || fromCategory !== toCategory) {
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	return convertValue(value, fromUnit, toUnit);
+}
+
+function evaluateCondition(
+	operator: ThresholdComparisonOperator | undefined,
+	value: number,
+	thresholdValue: number,
+): boolean {
+	switch (operator) {
+		case '>':
+			return value > thresholdValue;
+		case '<':
+			return value < thresholdValue;
+		case '>=':
+			return value >= thresholdValue;
+		case '<=':
+			return value <= thresholdValue;
+		case '=':
+			return value === thresholdValue;
+		case '!=':
+			return value !== thresholdValue;
+		default:
+			return false;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether `value` (expressed in `panelUnit`) satisfies `threshold`. When the
+ * threshold declares its own unit, the panel value is converted into that unit
+ * before comparing; if the conversion is invalid we compare the raw value.
+ */
+export function doesValueMatchThreshold(
+	value: number,
+	threshold: PanelThreshold,
+	panelUnit?: string,
+): boolean {
+	if (threshold.operator === undefined) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	const convertedValue = convertUnit(value, panelUnit, threshold.unit);
+	const comparable = convertedValue ?? value;
+
+	return evaluateCondition(threshold.operator, comparable, threshold.value);
+}
+
+export interface ActiveThreshold {
+	/** The matched threshold to apply, or null when none match. */
+	threshold: PanelThreshold | null;
+	/** True when more than one threshold matched the value. */
+	isConflicting: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves the threshold to apply for `value`. Among matching thresholds the
+ * one declared earliest (lowest index) wins, mirroring V1 precedence; a match
+ * count greater than one flags a conflict.
+ */
+export function resolveActiveThreshold(
+	thresholds: PanelThreshold[],
+	value: number,
+	panelUnit?: string,
+): ActiveThreshold {
+	const matching = thresholds.filter((threshold) =>
+		doesValueMatchThreshold(value, threshold, panelUnit),
+	);
+
+	if (matching.length === 0) {
+		return { threshold: null, isConflicting: false };
+	}
+
+	const highestPrecedence = matching.reduce((winner, candidate) =>
+		thresholds.indexOf(candidate) < thresholds.indexOf(winner)
+			? candidate
+			: winner,
+	);
+
+	return { threshold: highestPrecedence, isConflicting: matching.length > 1 };
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/formatPanelValue.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import type { PrecisionOption } from 'components/Graph/types';
+import { getYAxisFormattedValue } from 'components/Graph/yAxisConfig';
+
+/**
+ * Formats a scalar for display in a V2 panel, honoring the configured decimal
+ * precision. The shared, unit-aware `getYAxisFormattedValue` is the single
+ * formatting helper across V2 panels (number/table/list/pie); this wrapper is
+ * the only seam through which panels touch it.
+ *
+ * Precision is applied REGARDLESS of whether a unit is set. When no unit is
+ * configured we format through the `'none'` unit, which still respects
+ * precision — this is the fix for decimal precision being silently dropped on
+ * unitless panels (the old `unit ? format() : value.toString()` gate threw the
+ * precision away whenever the unit was empty).
+ */
+export function formatPanelValue(
+	value: number,
+	unit?: string,
+	precision?: PrecisionOption,
+): string {
+	return getYAxisFormattedValue(String(value), unit || 'none', precision);
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/getBuilderQueries.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import type { DashboardtypesQueryDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import type { BuilderQuery } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+
+/**
+ * Flattens a panel's queries into the list of builder queries it contains —
+ * unwrapping `CompositeQuery` envelopes along the way. Non-builder kinds
+ * (PromQL, ClickHouseSQL, Formula, TraceOperator) are dropped: they don't
+ * carry the legend / groupBy / aggregation context downstream code needs.
+ *
+ * Returns the generated v5 `BuilderQuery` shape directly — no intermediate
+ * summary type — so callers consume the same type the wire format defines.
+ */
+export function getBuilderQueries(
+	queries: DashboardtypesQueryDTO[] | null | undefined,
+): BuilderQuery[] {
+	if (!queries) {
+		return [];
+	}
+	const flattened: BuilderQuery[] = [];
+	queries.forEach((envelope) => {
+		const plugin = envelope?.spec?.plugin;
+		if (!plugin) {
+			return;
+		}
+		if (plugin.kind === 'signoz/BuilderQuery') {
+			flattened.push(plugin.spec as BuilderQuery);
+			return;
+		}
+		if (plugin.kind === 'signoz/CompositeQuery') {
+			(plugin.spec.queries ?? []).forEach((sub) => {
+				if (sub.type === 'builder_query') {
+					flattened.push(sub.spec as BuilderQuery);
+				}
+			});
+		}
+	});
+	return flattened;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/parseFormattedValue.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+export interface ParsedFormattedValue {
+	/** The numeric portion (e.g. "295.43", "1.2K"). */
+	numericValue: string;
+	/** A leading unit symbol such as a currency prefix, if any. */
+	prefixUnit: string;
+	/** A trailing unit label such as "ms" or "MB", if any. */
+	suffixUnit: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Splits a formatted value string (e.g. "$ 1.2K", "295.43 ms") into its
+ * numeric core and any prefix/suffix unit so each part can be styled
+ * independently. Falls back to treating the whole string as the numeric value
+ * when it doesn't match the expected shape.
+ */
+export function parseFormattedValue(value: string): ParsedFormattedValue {
+	const matches = value.match(
+		/^([^\d.]*)?([\d.]+(?:[eE][+-]?[\d]+)?[KMB]?)([^\d.]*)?$/,
+	);
+
+	return {
+		numericValue: matches?.[2] || value,
+		prefixUnit: matches?.[1]?.trim() || '',
+		suffixUnit: matches?.[3]?.trim() || '',
+	};
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/utils/resolveSeriesLabel.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+import type { BuilderQuery } from 'types/api/v5/queryRange';
+import type { PanelSeries } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+
+/**
+ * Identity of one series for label resolution: which query produced it and
+ * which of that query's aggregations.
+ */
+interface SeriesIdentity {
+	queryName: string;
+	/** Index into the matched query's aggregation list. */
+	aggregationIndex: number;
+	/** Fallback when the base label is empty and the aggregation is bare. */
+	fallbackName?: string;
+}
+
+/** Resolves the display label for one flattened V5 series. */
+export function resolveSeriesLabelV5(
+	series: PanelSeries,
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[],
+	baseLabel: string,
+): string {
+	return resolveLabel(
+		{
+			queryName: series.queryName,
+			aggregationIndex: series.aggregation.index,
+			fallbackName: series.queryName,
+		},
+		builderQueries,
+		baseLabel,
+	);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies the V1 legend matrix: `single-vs-many builder queries ×
+ * with/without groupBy × single-vs-many aggregations`. Returns `baseLabel`
+ * unchanged for panels without builder queries (PromQL, ClickHouseSQL) and
+ * for builder series whose aggregation carries no alias/expression — metric
+ * aggregations don't have those fields, so they naturally short-circuit to
+ * the base label here.
+ */
+function resolveLabel(
+	identity: SeriesIdentity,
+	builderQueries: BuilderQuery[],
+	baseLabel: string,
+): string {
+	if (builderQueries.length === 0) {
+		return baseLabel;
+	}
+
+	const matching = builderQueries.find((q) => q.name === identity.queryName);
+	if (!matching) {
+		return baseLabel;
+	}
+
+	const aggIndex = identity.aggregationIndex;
+	const aggregations = matching.aggregations ?? [];
+	const aggregation = aggregations[aggIndex];
+
+	// `alias` / `expression` exist on Log/Trace aggregations only —
+	// `MetricAggregation` carries `metricName`/`temporality`/… instead. The
+	// `in` guards narrow the union without a cast.
+	const aggregationAlias =
+		aggregation && 'alias' in aggregation ? (aggregation.alias ?? '') : '';
+	const aggregationExpression =
+		aggregation && 'expression' in aggregation
+			? (aggregation.expression ?? '')
+			: '';
+
+	if (!aggregationAlias && !aggregationExpression) {
+		return baseLabel || identity.fallbackName || matching.name || '';
+	}
+
+	const ctx: FormatContext = {
+		aggregationAlias,
+		aggregationExpression,
+		baseLabel,
+		legend: matching.legend ?? '',
+		hasGroupBy: (matching.groupBy?.length ?? 0) > 0,
+		singleAggregation: aggregations.length === 1,
+	};
+
+	return builderQueries.length === 1
+		? formatForSinglePanelQuery(ctx)
+		: formatForMultiplePanelQueries(ctx);
+}
+
+interface FormatContext {
+	aggregationAlias: string;
+	aggregationExpression: string;
+	baseLabel: string;
+	legend: string;
+	hasGroupBy: boolean;
+	singleAggregation: boolean;
+}
+
+// Panel has one builder query — ports V1's `getLegendForSingleAggregation`.
+function formatForSinglePanelQuery({
+	aggregationAlias,
+	aggregationExpression,
+	baseLabel,
+	legend,
+	hasGroupBy,
+	singleAggregation,
+}: FormatContext): string {
+	if (hasGroupBy) {
+		if (singleAggregation) {
+			return baseLabel;
+		}
+		return `${aggregationAlias || aggregationExpression}-${baseLabel}`;
+	}
+	if (singleAggregation) {
+		return aggregationAlias || legend || aggregationExpression;
+	}
+	return aggregationAlias || aggregationExpression;
+}
+
+// Panel has multiple builder queries — ports V1's `getLegendForMultipleAggregations`.
+// Differs from the single-query path in two cells: the no-groupBy / single-agg
+// cell falls through to `baseLabel` instead of `legend`, and the no-groupBy /
+// multi-agg cell prepends the base label.
+function formatForMultiplePanelQueries({
+	aggregationAlias,
+	aggregationExpression,
+	baseLabel,
+	hasGroupBy,
+	singleAggregation,
+}: FormatContext): string {
+	if (hasGroupBy) {
+		if (singleAggregation) {
+			return baseLabel;
+		}
+		return `${aggregationAlias || aggregationExpression}-${baseLabel}`;
+	}
+	if (singleAggregation) {
+		return aggregationAlias || baseLabel || aggregationExpression;
+	}
+	return `${aggregationAlias || aggregationExpression}-${baseLabel}`;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/Panel.module.scss

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 	flex-direction: column;
 	height: 100%;
 	width: 100%;
-	background: var(--bg-ink-400, #0b0c0e);
-	border: 1px solid var(--l1-border);
+	background: var(--l2-background);
+	border: 1px solid var(--l2-border);
 	border-radius: 4px;
 	overflow: hidden;
 }
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 	align-items: center;
 	justify-content: space-between;
 	padding: 8px 12px;
-	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--l1-border);
+	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--l2-border);
 	cursor: grab;
 }
 
@@ -36,6 +36,15 @@
 	margin-inline-end: 0;
 }
 
+// Actions sit inside the drag-handle row but opt out of dragging
+// (`panel-no-drag`); reset the grab cursor so the menu reads as clickable.
+.actions {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 4px;
+	cursor: default;
+}
+
 .body {
 	flex: 1;
 	display: flex;
@@ -50,3 +59,41 @@
 .bodyKind {
 	margin-bottom: 6px;
 }
+
+// Container for the rendered chart — fills the panel below the header and lets
+// the chart shrink (min-* 0) so it resizes with the grid cell.
+.chartBody {
+	flex: 1;
+	display: flex;
+	min-height: 0;
+	min-width: 0;
+}
+
+// Subtle background-refetch spinner in the header (chart stays mounted).
+.refetchIndicator {
+	color: var(--l2-foreground);
+	flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+
+// Error state — shown only when there's no stale data to fall back to.
+.error {
+	flex: 1;
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	align-items: center;
+	justify-content: center;
+	gap: 8px;
+	padding: 12px;
+	text-align: center;
+}
+
+.errorIcon {
+	color: var(--bg-cherry-500);
+}
+
+.errorMessage {
+	color: var(--l2-foreground);
+	font-size: 12px;
+	max-width: 90%;
+	overflow-wrap: anywhere;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/Panel.tsx

@@ -1,38 +1,41 @@
 import { useMemo } from 'react';
-import { Badge } from '@signozhq/ui/badge';
 import { TooltipSimple } from '@signozhq/ui/tooltip';
-import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
-import { EllipsisVertical } from '@signozhq/icons';
 import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
-import cx from 'classnames';
+import { getPanelDefinition } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels';
+import { usePanelQuery } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/usePanelQuery';
 
 import type { DashboardSection } from '../../utils';
-import type { DeletePanelArgs } from './hooks/useDeletePanel';
-import type { MovePanelArgs } from './hooks/useMovePanelToSection';
-import PanelActionsMenu from './PanelActionsMenu/PanelActionsMenu';
+import { usePanelInteractions } from './hooks/usePanelInteractions';
+import PanelBody from './PanelBody';
+import PanelHeader from './PanelHeader';
 import styles from './Panel.module.scss';
 
-/** Panel action context — present together only in editable sectioned mode. */
+/**
+ * Layout context for the panel actions menu — pure data, present only in
+ * editable mode. No callbacks: the menu resolves its own mutations from
+ * store-backed hooks (useDeletePanel / useMovePanelToSection), and edit is
+ * URL-driven (useOpenPanelEditor).
+ */
 export interface PanelActionsConfig {
 	currentLayoutIndex: number;
 	sections: DashboardSection[];
-	onMovePanel: (args: MovePanelArgs) => void;
-	onDeletePanel: (args: DeletePanelArgs) => void;
 }
 
 interface PanelProps {
 	panel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO | undefined;
 	panelId: string;
-	/**
-	 * Placeholder: true once this panel's section enters the viewport. The panel
-	 * query-loading implementation (later PR) will consume this to lazily fetch
-	 * data. Currently unused on purpose.
-	 */
+	/** True once this panel's section enters the viewport — gates the fetch. */
 	isVisible?: boolean;
 	/** Move/delete actions — present only in editable sectioned mode. */
 	panelActions?: PanelActionsConfig;
 }
 
+/**
+ * A single dashboard panel: chrome (header) + content (body). Thin orchestrator
+ * — data fetching lives in `usePanelQuery`, cross-panel interactions in
+ * `usePanelInteractions`, and the loading/error/chart state machine in
+ * `PanelBody`.
+ */
 function Panel({
 	panel,
 	panelId,
@@ -41,9 +44,22 @@ function Panel({
 }: PanelProps): JSX.Element {
 	const name = panel?.spec?.display?.name || `Panel ${panelId.slice(0, 6)}`;
 	const description = panel?.spec?.display?.description;
-	const kind = panel?.spec?.plugin?.kind?.replace(/^signoz\//, '') ?? 'unknown';
+	const fullKind = panel?.spec?.plugin?.kind;
+	const kind = fullKind?.replace(/^signoz\//, '') ?? 'unknown';
 	const queryCount = panel?.spec?.queries?.length ?? 0;
 
+	const panelDef = getPanelDefinition(fullKind);
+
+	const { data, isLoading, isFetching, error, refetch } = usePanelQuery({
+		panel,
+		panelId,
+		// Lazy: only fetch once the section is on screen (undefined → treat as
+		// visible) and a renderer exists for the kind.
+		enabled: !!panelDef && isVisible !== false,
+	});
+
+	const { onDragSelect, dashboardPreference } = usePanelInteractions();
+
 	const headerTitle = useMemo(() => {
 		if (!description) {
 			return name;
@@ -60,35 +76,28 @@ function Panel({
 			className={styles.panel}
 			data-panel-visible={isVisible ? 'true' : 'false'}
 		>
-			<div className={cx(styles.header, 'panel-drag-handle')}>
-				<div className={styles.headerLeft}>
-					<Typography.Text className={styles.headerTitle}>
-						{headerTitle}
-					</Typography.Text>
-					<Badge className={styles.badge}>{kind}</Badge>
-				</div>
-				{panelActions ? (
-					<PanelActionsMenu
-						panelId={panelId}
-						currentLayoutIndex={panelActions.currentLayoutIndex}
-						sections={panelActions.sections}
-						onMovePanel={panelActions.onMovePanel}
-						onDeletePanel={panelActions.onDeletePanel}
-					/>
-				) : (
-					<EllipsisVertical size={14} />
-				)}
-			</div>
-
-			<div className={styles.body}>
-				<div>
-					<div className={styles.bodyKind}>{kind} panel</div>
-					<div>
-						{queryCount} {queryCount === 1 ? 'query' : 'queries'} · chart rendering
-						coming next
-					</div>
-				</div>
-			</div>
+			<PanelHeader
+				title={headerTitle}
+				panelId={panelId}
+				panelKind={fullKind}
+				isFetching={isFetching}
+				error={error}
+				warning={data.response?.data?.warning}
+				panelActions={panelActions}
+			/>
+			<PanelBody
+				panelDef={panelDef}
+				panel={panel}
+				panelId={panelId}
+				kind={kind}
+				queryCount={queryCount}
+				data={data}
+				isLoading={isLoading}
+				error={error}
+				refetch={refetch}
+				onDragSelect={onDragSelect}
+				dashboardPreference={dashboardPreference}
+			/>
 		</div>
 	);
 }

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelActionsMenu/PanelActionsMenu.tsx

@@ -1,81 +1,37 @@
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
-import { EllipsisVertical, FolderInput, Trash2 } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import { EllipsisVertical } from '@signozhq/icons';
 import { Button } from '@signozhq/ui/button';
 import { DropdownMenuSimple } from '@signozhq/ui/dropdown-menu';
-import type { MenuItem } from '@signozhq/ui/dropdown-menu';
 
-import type { DashboardSection } from '../../../utils';
-import type { DeletePanelArgs } from '../hooks/useDeletePanel';
-import type { MovePanelArgs } from '../hooks/useMovePanelToSection';
+import type { PanelActionsConfig } from '../Panel';
+import { usePanelActionItems } from './usePanelActionItems';
 import styles from './PanelActionsMenu.module.scss';
 
 interface PanelActionsMenuProps {
 	panelId: string;
-	currentLayoutIndex: number;
-	sections: DashboardSection[];
-	onMovePanel?: (args: MovePanelArgs) => void;
-	onDeletePanel?: (args: DeletePanelArgs) => void;
+	/** Full plugin kind (e.g. `signoz/TimeSeriesPanel`); undefined when absent. */
+	panelKind: string | undefined;
+	/** Layout context for move/delete — absent outside editable sectioned mode. */
+	panelActions?: PanelActionsConfig;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Purely presentational: the trigger button + dropdown. Which items appear —
+ * and whether the menu renders at all — is owned by `usePanelActionItems`
+ * (kind ∧ role ∧ context gating per action).
+ */
 function PanelActionsMenu({
 	panelId,
-	currentLayoutIndex,
-	sections,
-	onMovePanel,
-	onDeletePanel,
-}: PanelActionsMenuProps): JSX.Element {
-	const items = useMemo<MenuItem[]>(() => {
-		const result: MenuItem[] = [];
+	panelKind,
+	panelActions,
+}: PanelActionsMenuProps): JSX.Element | null {
+	const items = usePanelActionItems({ panelId, panelKind, panelActions });
 
-		if (onMovePanel) {
-			const targets = sections.filter(
-				(s) => s.title && s.layoutIndex !== currentLayoutIndex,
-			);
-			if (targets.length === 0) {
-				result.push({
-					key: 'move',
-					label: 'Move to section',
-					icon: <FolderInput size={14} />,
-					disabled: true,
-				});
-			} else {
-				result.push({
-					key: 'move',
-					label: 'Move to section',
-					icon: <FolderInput size={14} />,
-					children: targets.map((s) => ({
-						key: `move-${s.layoutIndex}`,
-						label: s.title,
-						onClick: (): void =>
-							onMovePanel({
-								panelId,
-								fromLayoutIndex: currentLayoutIndex,
-								toLayoutIndex: s.layoutIndex,
-							}),
-					})),
-				});
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (onDeletePanel) {
-			if (result.length > 0) {
-				result.push({ type: 'divider' });
-			}
-			result.push({
-				key: 'delete-panel',
-				danger: true,
-				icon: <Trash2 size={14} />,
-				label: 'Delete panel',
-				onClick: (): void =>
-					onDeletePanel({ panelId, layoutIndex: currentLayoutIndex }),
-			});
-		}
-
-		return result;
-	}, [sections, currentLayoutIndex, panelId, onMovePanel, onDeletePanel]);
+	if (items.length === 0) {
+		return null;
+	}
 
 	return (
-		<DropdownMenuSimple menu={{ items }}>
+		<DropdownMenuSimple menu={{ items }} align="end">
 			<Button
 				type="button"
 				variant="ghost"

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelActionsMenu/__tests__/usePanelActionItems.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+import { renderHook } from '@testing-library/react';
+import type { ROLES } from 'types/roles';
+
+import type { DashboardSection } from '../../../../utils';
+import { useDashboardStore } from '../../../../store/useDashboardStore';
+import { usePanelActionItems } from '../usePanelActionItems';
+
+const mockOpenEditor = jest.fn();
+jest.mock(
+	'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/useOpenPanelEditor',
+	() => ({
+		useOpenPanelEditor: (): jest.Mock => mockOpenEditor,
+	}),
+);
+
+const mockMovePanel = jest.fn();
+jest.mock('../../hooks/useMovePanelToSection', () => ({
+	useMovePanelToSection: (): jest.Mock => mockMovePanel,
+}));
+
+const mockDeletePanel = jest.fn();
+jest.mock('../../hooks/useDeletePanel', () => ({
+	useDeletePanel: (): jest.Mock => mockDeletePanel,
+}));
+
+// Role is the only thing read off the app context; useComponentPermission runs
+// for real so the tests exercise the actual role → permission mapping.
+let mockRole: ROLES = 'ADMIN';
+jest.mock('providers/App/App', () => ({
+	useAppContext: (): { user: { role: ROLES } } => ({
+		user: { role: mockRole },
+	}),
+}));
+
+function section(
+	layoutIndex: number,
+	title: string | undefined,
+): DashboardSection {
+	return {
+		id: `section-${layoutIndex}`,
+		layoutIndex,
+		title,
+		items: [],
+		repeatVariable: undefined,
+	};
+}
+
+const TWO_TITLED_SECTIONS = [section(0, 'Overview'), section(1, 'Latency')];
+
+const baseArgs = {
+	panelId: 'panel-1',
+	panelKind: 'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel',
+	panelActions: { currentLayoutIndex: 0, sections: TWO_TITLED_SECTIONS },
+};
+
+function itemKeys(items: ReturnType<typeof usePanelActionItems>): unknown[] {
+	return items.map((item) =>
+		'key' in item && item.key !== undefined ? item.key : item.type,
+	);
+}
+
+describe('usePanelActionItems', () => {
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		jest.clearAllMocks();
+		mockRole = 'ADMIN';
+		useDashboardStore.setState({ isEditable: true });
+	});
+
+	it('ADMIN on an editable dashboard with a known kind gets the full V1-parity set, divider-separated', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelActionItems(baseArgs));
+		expect(itemKeys(result.current)).toStrictEqual([
+			'view-panel',
+			'edit-panel',
+			'clone-panel',
+			'divider',
+			'create-alert',
+			'divider',
+			'move',
+			'divider',
+			'delete-panel',
+		]);
+		// download stays hidden: no current kind declares the capability
+		// (V1 parity — CSV export was table-only).
+	});
+
+	it('AUTHOR loses edit and clone (edit_widget excludes AUTHOR) but keeps the rest', () => {
+		mockRole = 'AUTHOR';
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelActionItems(baseArgs));
+		expect(itemKeys(result.current)).toStrictEqual([
+			'view-panel',
+			'divider',
+			'create-alert',
+			'divider',
+			'move',
+			'divider',
+			'delete-panel',
+		]);
+	});
+
+	it('VIEWER keeps only the role-ungated actions (view, create-alert)', () => {
+		mockRole = 'VIEWER';
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelActionItems(baseArgs));
+		expect(itemKeys(result.current)).toStrictEqual([
+			'view-panel',
+			'divider',
+			'create-alert',
+		]);
+	});
+
+	it('unknown panel kind hides all kind-gated actions but keeps the chrome ones (clone/move/delete)', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelActionItems({ ...baseArgs, panelKind: 'signoz/TablePanel' }),
+		);
+		expect(itemKeys(result.current)).toStrictEqual([
+			'clone-panel',
+			'divider',
+			'move',
+			'divider',
+			'delete-panel',
+		]);
+	});
+
+	it('read-only dashboard keeps only View (V1 parity)', () => {
+		useDashboardStore.setState({ isEditable: false });
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelActionItems({ ...baseArgs, panelActions: undefined }),
+		);
+		expect(itemKeys(result.current)).toStrictEqual(['view-panel']);
+	});
+
+	it('move is disabled when there is no other titled section to move to', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelActionItems({
+				...baseArgs,
+				panelActions: {
+					currentLayoutIndex: 0,
+					sections: [section(0, 'Overview'), section(1, undefined)],
+				},
+			}),
+		);
+		const move = result.current.find((i) => 'key' in i && i.key === 'move');
+		expect(move).toMatchObject({ disabled: true });
+	});
+
+	it('edit opens the panel editor for this panel', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelActionItems(baseArgs));
+		const edit = result.current.find((i) => 'key' in i && i.key === 'edit-panel');
+		(edit as { onClick: () => void }).onClick();
+		expect(mockOpenEditor).toHaveBeenCalledWith('panel-1');
+	});
+
+	it('move targets call the mutation with from/to layout indexes', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelActionItems(baseArgs));
+		const move = result.current.find((i) => 'key' in i && i.key === 'move') as {
+			children: { key: string; onClick: () => void }[];
+		};
+		expect(move.children).toHaveLength(1);
+		move.children[0].onClick();
+		expect(mockMovePanel).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+			panelId: 'panel-1',
+			fromLayoutIndex: 0,
+			toLayoutIndex: 1,
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('delete calls the mutation with the panel and its layout index', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelActionItems(baseArgs));
+		const del = result.current.find(
+			(i) => 'key' in i && i.key === 'delete-panel',
+		);
+		(del as { onClick: () => void }).onClick();
+		expect(mockDeletePanel).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+			panelId: 'panel-1',
+			layoutIndex: 0,
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('not-yet-implemented actions (view/clone/create-alert) fire the placeholder alert with the feature name', () => {
+		const alertSpy = jest.spyOn(window, 'alert').mockImplementation(() => {});
+		const { result } = renderHook(() => usePanelActionItems(baseArgs));
+
+		['view-panel', 'clone-panel', 'create-alert'].forEach((key) => {
+			const item = result.current.find((i) => 'key' in i && i.key === key);
+			(item as { onClick: () => void }).onClick();
+		});
+
+		expect(alertSpy).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
+		expect(alertSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith('View option clicked');
+		expect(alertSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Clone option clicked');
+		expect(alertSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Create Alerts option clicked');
+		alertSpy.mockRestore();
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelActionsMenu/panelActionMeta.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import type { PanelActionCapabilities } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/panelDefinition';
+import type { ComponentTypes } from 'utils/permission';
+
+/**
+ * Every action the panel menu can offer. `Record<PanelActionId, …>` below
+ * forces a meta entry per id — adding an action without declaring its gates is
+ * a compile error.
+ */
+export type PanelActionId =
+	| 'view'
+	| 'edit'
+	| 'clone'
+	| 'download'
+	| 'createAlert'
+	| 'move'
+	| 'delete';
+
+export interface PanelActionMeta {
+	/**
+	 * Role gate: componentPermission key checked against the current user.
+	 * Absent = available to every role (V1 parity: view, download and
+	 * create-alerts were never role-gated).
+	 */
+	permission?: ComponentTypes;
+	/**
+	 * Kind gate: the PanelActionCapabilities flag this action requires.
+	 * Chrome actions (move/clone/delete) are layout concerns available for
+	 * every panel kind — including kinds V2 can't render — so they declare none.
+	 */
+	capability?: keyof PanelActionCapabilities;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Single source of truth for how each panel action is gated, mirroring V1's
+ * WidgetHeader rules. The third gate — context (dashboard editable, target
+ * sections available) — is runtime state resolved in `usePanelActionItems`,
+ * not declarable here.
+ */
+export const PANEL_ACTION_META: Record<PanelActionId, PanelActionMeta> = {
+	view: { capability: 'view' },
+	edit: { permission: 'edit_widget', capability: 'edit' },
+	clone: { permission: 'edit_widget' },
+	download: { capability: 'download' },
+	createAlert: { capability: 'createAlert' },
+	// Moving a panel between sections mutates the dashboard layout.
+	move: { permission: 'edit_dashboard' },
+	delete: { permission: 'delete_widget' },
+};

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelActionsMenu/usePanelActionItems.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import {
+	Bell,
+	CloudDownload,
+	Copy,
+	FolderInput,
+	Fullscreen,
+	PenLine,
+	Trash2,
+} from '@signozhq/icons';
+import type { MenuItem } from '@signozhq/ui/dropdown-menu';
+import useComponentPermission from 'hooks/useComponentPermission';
+import { getPanelDefinition } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels';
+import { useOpenPanelEditor } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/useOpenPanelEditor';
+import { useDashboardStore } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/store/useDashboardStore';
+import { useAppContext } from 'providers/App/App';
+
+import type { DashboardSection } from '../../../utils';
+import type { PanelActionsConfig } from '../Panel';
+import { useDeletePanel } from '../hooks/useDeletePanel';
+import { useMovePanelToSection } from '../hooks/useMovePanelToSection';
+import { PANEL_ACTION_META } from './panelActionMeta';
+
+// Stable fallback so renders without layout context don't churn the mutation
+// hooks' deps (a fresh [] each render would re-create their callbacks).
+const EMPTY_SECTIONS: DashboardSection[] = [];
+
+// Placeholder for the V1-parity actions whose V2 implementations land in
+// later milestones (view, clone, download, create-alerts).
+function notImplementedYet(feature: string): void {
+	// eslint-disable-next-line no-alert -- temporary placeholder, see above
+	alert(`${feature} option clicked`);
+}
+
+interface UsePanelActionItemsArgs {
+	panelId: string;
+	/** Full plugin kind (e.g. `signoz/TimeSeriesPanel`); undefined when absent. */
+	panelKind: string | undefined;
+	/** Layout context for move/delete — absent outside editable mode. */
+	panelActions?: PanelActionsConfig;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves the panel actions menu items (the V1 WidgetHeader action set plus
+ * V2's "Move to section"). Every action passes three gates before it appears:
+ *
+ *   kind — what the panel kind declares it supports (PanelDefinition.actions);
+ *          unknown kinds support no kind-gated actions.
+ *   role — componentPermission lookup for the current user (PANEL_ACTION_META;
+ *          actions without a permission key are open to every role, V1 parity).
+ *   context — runtime state: dashboard editable (store), layout config present.
+ *          View and Download remain available on read-only dashboards, as in V1.
+ *
+ * Items are composed as groups with dividers inserted between non-empty
+ * groups, so adding an action never touches divider bookkeeping.
+ */
+export function usePanelActionItems({
+	panelId,
+	panelKind,
+	panelActions,
+}: UsePanelActionItemsArgs): MenuItem[] {
+	const { user } = useAppContext();
+	const [canEditWidget, canMove, canDelete] = useComponentPermission(
+		[
+			// edit_widget gates both Edit and Clone, exactly as in V1.
+			PANEL_ACTION_META.edit.permission ?? 'edit_widget',
+			PANEL_ACTION_META.move.permission ?? 'edit_dashboard',
+			PANEL_ACTION_META.delete.permission ?? 'delete_widget',
+		],
+		user.role,
+	);
+	// Folds in the dashboard lock + edit_dashboard permission (set once by
+	// DashboardContainer). Mutating actions respect it; view/download don't.
+	const isEditable = useDashboardStore((s) => s.isEditable);
+	const openPanelEditor = useOpenPanelEditor();
+
+	// Mutations are store-backed (dashboardId/refetch) — the layout tree only
+	// supplies data (`sections`), so no callbacks are threaded through it.
+	const sections = panelActions?.sections ?? EMPTY_SECTIONS;
+	const movePanel = useMovePanelToSection({ sections });
+	const deletePanel = useDeletePanel({ sections });
+
+	const kindActions = getPanelDefinition(panelKind)?.actions;
+
+	return useMemo<MenuItem[]>(() => {
+		// Group 1 — open/author the panel: View, Edit, Clone.
+		const panelGroup: MenuItem[] = [];
+		if (kindActions?.view) {
+			panelGroup.push({
+				key: 'view-panel',
+				label: 'View',
+				icon: <Fullscreen size={14} />,
+				onClick: (): void => notImplementedYet('View'),
+			});
+		}
+		if (isEditable && canEditWidget && kindActions?.edit) {
+			panelGroup.push({
+				key: 'edit-panel',
+				label: 'Edit panel',
+				icon: <PenLine size={14} />,
+				onClick: (): void => openPanelEditor(panelId),
+			});
+		}
+		if (isEditable && canEditWidget) {
+			panelGroup.push({
+				key: 'clone-panel',
+				label: 'Clone',
+				icon: <Copy size={14} />,
+				onClick: (): void => notImplementedYet('Clone'),
+			});
+		}
+
+		// Group 2 — derive from the panel's data: Download, Create Alerts.
+		const dataGroup: MenuItem[] = [];
+		if (kindActions?.download) {
+			dataGroup.push({
+				key: 'download-panel',
+				label: 'Download as CSV',
+				icon: <CloudDownload size={14} />,
+				onClick: (): void => notImplementedYet('Download'),
+			});
+		}
+		if (isEditable && kindActions?.createAlert) {
+			dataGroup.push({
+				key: 'create-alert',
+				label: 'Create Alerts',
+				icon: <Bell size={14} />,
+				onClick: (): void => notImplementedYet('Create Alerts'),
+			});
+		}
+
+		// Group 3 — layout: Move to section.
+		const moveGroup: MenuItem[] = [];
+		if (canMove && panelActions) {
+			const targets = sections.filter(
+				(s) => s.title && s.layoutIndex !== panelActions.currentLayoutIndex,
+			);
+			moveGroup.push({
+				key: 'move',
+				label: 'Move to section',
+				icon: <FolderInput size={14} />,
+				...(targets.length === 0
+					? { disabled: true }
+					: {
+							children: targets.map((s) => ({
+								key: `move-${s.layoutIndex}`,
+								label: s.title,
+								onClick: (): void =>
+									void movePanel({
+										panelId,
+										fromLayoutIndex: panelActions.currentLayoutIndex,
+										toLayoutIndex: s.layoutIndex,
+									}),
+							})),
+						}),
+			});
+		}
+
+		// Group 4 — danger: Delete.
+		const deleteGroup: MenuItem[] =
+			canDelete && panelActions
+				? [
+						{
+							key: 'delete-panel',
+							danger: true,
+							icon: <Trash2 size={14} />,
+							label: 'Delete panel',
+							onClick: (): void =>
+								void deletePanel({
+									panelId,
+									layoutIndex: panelActions.currentLayoutIndex,
+								}),
+						},
+					]
+				: [];
+
+		return [panelGroup, dataGroup, moveGroup, deleteGroup]
+			.filter((group) => group.length > 0)
+			.flatMap((group, index) =>
+				index === 0 ? group : [{ type: 'divider' as const }, ...group],
+			);
+	}, [
+		isEditable,
+		canEditWidget,
+		canMove,
+		canDelete,
+		kindActions,
+		panelActions,
+		sections,
+		panelId,
+		openPanelEditor,
+		movePanel,
+		deletePanel,
+	]);
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelBody.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import { Spin } from 'antd';
+import { Button } from '@signozhq/ui/button';
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+import { Loader, TriangleAlert } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import type { RenderablePanelDefinition } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/panelDefinition';
+import type { DashboardPreference } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/rendererProps';
+import type { PanelQueryData } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/queryV5/types';
+
+import styles from './Panel.module.scss';
+
+interface PanelBodyProps {
+	/** Resolved renderer for the panel kind; undefined when the kind is unknown. */
+	panelDef: RenderablePanelDefinition | undefined;
+	panel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO | undefined;
+	panelId: string;
+	kind: string;
+	queryCount: number;
+	data: PanelQueryData;
+	isLoading: boolean;
+	error: Error | null;
+	refetch: () => void;
+	onDragSelect: (start: number, end: number) => void;
+	dashboardPreference: DashboardPreference;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Renders the panel content as an explicit state machine so each state is
+ * handled deliberately (no implicit fall-through):
+ *
+ *   unknown-kind → unsupported fallback
+ *   error + no data → error message with retry
+ *   first load (no data) → loading indicator
+ *   otherwise → the kind's renderer (which owns its own "No Data" state, and
+ *               keeps stale data mounted during background refetches)
+ */
+function PanelBody({
+	panelDef,
+	panel,
+	panelId,
+	kind,
+	queryCount,
+	data,
+	isLoading,
+	error,
+	refetch,
+	onDragSelect,
+	dashboardPreference,
+}: PanelBodyProps): JSX.Element {
+	if (!panelDef) {
+		return (
+			<div className={styles.body} data-testid="panel-unknown-kind-fallback">
+				<div>
+					<div className={styles.bodyKind}>{kind} panel</div>
+					<div>
+						{queryCount} {queryCount === 1 ? 'query' : 'queries'} · not yet supported
+						in V2
+					</div>
+				</div>
+			</div>
+		);
+	}
+
+	// Surface a hard failure only when there's no (stale) data to show; otherwise
+	// keep the last-good chart and let the header indicate the refresh.
+	// react-query keeps the previous response during background refetches, so
+	// `data.response` presence is the "have something to show" signal.
+	const hasData = !!data.response;
+
+	if (error && !hasData) {
+		return (
+			<div className={styles.error} data-testid="panel-error">
+				<TriangleAlert size={20} className={styles.errorIcon} />
+				<Typography.Text className={styles.errorMessage}>
+					{error.message || 'Failed to load panel data'}
+				</Typography.Text>
+				<Button variant="outlined" color="secondary" onClick={refetch}>
+					Retry
+				</Button>
+			</div>
+		);
+	}
+
+	// First load only — background refetches keep the response populated so the
+	// chart stays mounted instead of blinking.
+	if (isLoading && !hasData) {
+		return (
+			<div className={styles.body} data-testid="panel-loading">
+				<Spin indicator={<Loader size={14} className="animate-spin" />} />
+			</div>
+		);
+	}
+
+	return (
+		<div className={styles.chartBody}>
+			<panelDef.Renderer
+				panelId={panelId}
+				panel={panel}
+				data={data}
+				isLoading={isLoading}
+				error={error}
+				onDragSelect={onDragSelect}
+				panelMode={PanelMode.DASHBOARD_VIEW}
+				enableDrillDown={false}
+				dashboardPreference={dashboardPreference}
+			/>
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default PanelBody;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelHeader.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { useMemo, type ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { Typography } from '@signozhq/ui/typography';
+import type { Querybuildertypesv5QueryWarnDataDTO as WarningDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { Loader } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import cx from 'classnames';
+
+import type { PanelActionsConfig } from './Panel';
+import PanelActionsMenu from './PanelActionsMenu/PanelActionsMenu';
+import PanelStatusPopover from './PanelStatus/PanelStatusPopover';
+import {
+	panelStatusFromError,
+	panelStatusFromWarning,
+} from './PanelStatus/utils';
+import styles from './Panel.module.scss';
+
+interface PanelHeaderProps {
+	title: ReactNode;
+	panelId: string;
+	/** Full plugin kind — drives kind-gated menu actions; undefined when absent. */
+	panelKind: string | undefined;
+	/** Background refresh in flight — shows a subtle spinner without blinking the chart. */
+	isFetching: boolean;
+	/** Latest query error, if any — surfaced as a header error indicator. */
+	error?: Error | null;
+	/** Non-fatal query warning lifted from the response payload. */
+	warning?: WarningDTO;
+	/** Layout context for move/delete — absent outside editable sectioned mode. */
+	panelActions?: PanelActionsConfig;
+}
+
+/** Panel chrome: drag handle, title, refetch + status indicators, actions. */
+function PanelHeader({
+	title,
+	panelId,
+	panelKind,
+	isFetching,
+	error,
+	warning,
+	panelActions,
+}: PanelHeaderProps): JSX.Element {
+	const errorDetail = useMemo(
+		() => panelStatusFromError(error ?? null),
+		[error],
+	);
+
+	const warningDetail = useMemo(
+		() => panelStatusFromWarning(warning),
+		[warning],
+	);
+
+	return (
+		<div className={cx(styles.header, 'panel-drag-handle')}>
+			<div className={styles.headerLeft}>
+				<Typography.Text className={styles.headerTitle}>{title}</Typography.Text>
+				{isFetching && (
+					<Loader
+						size={12}
+						className={cx('animate-spin', styles.refetchIndicator)}
+						data-testid="panel-refetching"
+					/>
+				)}
+			</div>
+			{/* `panel-no-drag` opts this region out of the grid drag handle so the
+			    actions menu is clickable instead of starting a panel drag. */}
+			<div className={cx('panel-no-drag', styles.actions)}>
+				{errorDetail && <PanelStatusPopover variant="error" detail={errorDetail} />}
+				{warningDetail && (
+					<PanelStatusPopover variant="warning" detail={warningDetail} />
+				)}
+				{/* Renders nothing when no action survives its gates (kind/role/context). */}
+				<PanelActionsMenu
+					panelId={panelId}
+					panelKind={panelKind}
+					panelActions={panelActions}
+				/>
+			</div>
+		</div>
+	);
+}
+
+export default PanelHeader;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelStatus/PanelStatusContent.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { BookOpenText } from '@signozhq/icons';
+
+import type { PanelStatusDetail } from './types';
+import styles from './PanelStatusPopover.module.scss';
+
+interface PanelStatusContentProps {
+	detail: PanelStatusDetail;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Popover body for a panel status (error or warning): a code + summary header
+ * with an optional docs link, followed by any per-item messages. Pure
+ * presentation — the variant's icon/colour is owned by `PanelStatusPopover`.
+ */
+function PanelStatusContent({ detail }: PanelStatusContentProps): JSX.Element {
+	const { code, message, docsUrl, messages } = detail;
+
+	return (
+		<section className={styles.content} data-testid="panel-status-content">
+			<header className={styles.summary}>
+				<div className={styles.summaryText}>
+					{code && <h2 className={styles.code}>{code}</h2>}
+					<p className={styles.message}>{message}</p>
+				</div>
+				{docsUrl && (
+					<a
+						className={styles.docsLink}
+						href={docsUrl}
+						target="_blank"
+						rel="noreferrer"
+						data-testid="panel-status-docs"
+					>
+						<BookOpenText size={14} />
+						Open Docs
+					</a>
+				)}
+			</header>
+			{messages.length > 0 && (
+				<ul className={styles.messageList}>
+					{messages.map((m) => (
+						<li key={m} className={styles.messageItem}>
+							{m}
+						</li>
+					))}
+				</ul>
+			)}
+		</section>
+	);
+}
+
+export default PanelStatusContent;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelStatus/PanelStatusPopover.module.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+.trigger {
+	display: inline-flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	cursor: pointer;
+	flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+
+.content {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	gap: 8px;
+	max-width: 600px;
+	padding: 12px;
+}
+
+.summary {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: flex-start;
+	justify-content: space-between;
+	gap: 12px;
+}
+
+.summaryText {
+	min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.code {
+	margin: 0;
+	font-size: 12px;
+	font-weight: 600;
+	color: var(--l2-foreground);
+}
+
+.message {
+	margin: 4px 0 0;
+	font-size: 12px;
+	color: var(--l1-foreground);
+	word-break: break-word;
+}
+
+.docsLink {
+	display: inline-flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 4px;
+	flex-shrink: 0;
+	font-size: 12px;
+	white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.messageList {
+	margin: 0;
+	padding-left: 16px;
+	max-height: 240px;
+	overflow-y: auto;
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	gap: 4px;
+}
+
+.messageItem {
+	font-size: 12px;
+	color: var(--l1-foreground);
+	word-break: break-word;
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelStatus/PanelStatusPopover.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { Color } from '@signozhq/design-tokens';
+import { CircleX, TriangleAlert } from '@signozhq/icons';
+import { Popover } from 'antd';
+
+import PanelStatusContent from './PanelStatusContent';
+import type { PanelStatusDetail, PanelStatusVariant } from './types';
+import styles from './PanelStatusPopover.module.scss';
+
+const VARIANT_CONFIG: Record<
+	PanelStatusVariant,
+	{ color: string; ariaLabel: string }
+> = {
+	error: { color: Color.BG_CHERRY_500, ariaLabel: 'Panel error' },
+	warning: { color: Color.BG_AMBER_500, ariaLabel: 'Panel warning' },
+};
+
+interface PanelStatusPopoverProps {
+	variant: PanelStatusVariant;
+	detail: PanelStatusDetail;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Header status indicator: a variant-coloured icon (error → CircleX,
+ * warning → TriangleAlert) that opens a popover with the status detail. One
+ * component drives both variants so error and warning surfacing stay in lockstep.
+ */
+function PanelStatusPopover({
+	variant,
+	detail,
+}: PanelStatusPopoverProps): JSX.Element {
+	const { color, ariaLabel } = VARIANT_CONFIG[variant];
+	const Icon = variant === 'error' ? CircleX : TriangleAlert;
+
+	const content = useMemo(
+		() => <PanelStatusContent detail={detail} />,
+		[detail],
+	);
+
+	return (
+		<Popover
+			content={content}
+			overlayInnerStyle={{ padding: 0 }}
+			autoAdjustOverflow
+		>
+			{/* Wrapping span gives antd a ref-able, hoverable trigger (icon
+			    components don't forward refs) and a stable testid anchor. */}
+			<span
+				className={styles.trigger}
+				aria-label={ariaLabel}
+				data-testid={`panel-status-${variant}`}
+			>
+				<Icon size={16} color={color} />
+			</span>
+		</Popover>
+	);
+}
+
+export default PanelStatusPopover;

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelStatus/__tests__/utils.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import type { Querybuildertypesv5QueryWarnDataDTO as WarningDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import APIError from 'types/api/error';
+import { StatusCodes } from 'http-status-codes';
+
+import { panelStatusFromError, panelStatusFromWarning } from '../utils';
+
+describe('panelStatusFromError', () => {
+	it('returns null when there is no error', () => {
+		expect(panelStatusFromError(null)).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('maps a structured APIError to code/message/docs/sub-messages', () => {
+		const apiError = new APIError({
+			httpStatusCode: StatusCodes.BAD_REQUEST,
+			error: {
+				code: 'invalid_query',
+				message: 'Query is invalid',
+				url: 'https://docs/err',
+				errors: [{ message: 'missing aggregation' }, { message: 'bad filter' }],
+			},
+		});
+
+		expect(panelStatusFromError(apiError)).toStrictEqual({
+			code: 'invalid_query',
+			message: 'Query is invalid',
+			docsUrl: 'https://docs/err',
+			messages: ['missing aggregation', 'bad filter'],
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('falls back to a generic 500 for a plain Error', () => {
+		expect(panelStatusFromError(new Error('boom'))).toStrictEqual({
+			code: '500',
+			message: 'boom',
+			messages: [],
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('omits docsUrl when the API error has no url', () => {
+		const apiError = new APIError({
+			httpStatusCode: StatusCodes.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+			error: { code: 'x', message: 'y', url: '', errors: [] },
+		});
+
+		expect(panelStatusFromError(apiError)?.docsUrl).toBeUndefined();
+	});
+});
+
+describe('panelStatusFromWarning', () => {
+	it('returns null when there is no warning', () => {
+		expect(panelStatusFromWarning(undefined)).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('maps a warning to the normalized status shape (no code — V5 warnings carry none)', () => {
+		const warning: WarningDTO = {
+			message: 'Some series were dropped',
+			url: 'https://docs/warn',
+			warnings: [{ message: 'series A truncated' }],
+		};
+
+		expect(panelStatusFromWarning(warning)).toStrictEqual({
+			message: 'Some series were dropped',
+			docsUrl: 'https://docs/warn',
+			messages: ['series A truncated'],
+		});
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelStatus/types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/** Which kind of non-fatal panel status is being surfaced in the header. */
+export type PanelStatusVariant = 'error' | 'warning';
+
+/**
+ * Normalized status shape that both an API error and a query warning adapt into,
+ * so a single popover can render either. Mirrors the fields the backend supplies
+ * on its `ErrorV2` / `Warning` envelopes (code + summary + optional docs link +
+ * per-item messages).
+ */
+export interface PanelStatusDetail {
+	/** Short status code (e.g. an error/warning code) shown as the heading. Only present in error cases. */
+	code?: string;
+	/** Human-readable summary line. */
+	message: string;
+	/** Optional docs link; renders an "Open Docs" action when present. */
+	docsUrl?: string;
+	/** Additional per-item messages listed under the summary. */
+	messages: string[];
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/PanelStatus/utils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import type APIError from 'types/api/error';
+import type { Querybuildertypesv5QueryWarnDataDTO as WarningDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import type { PanelStatusDetail } from './types';
+
+const FALLBACK_CODE = '500';
+const FALLBACK_MESSAGE = 'Something went wrong';
+
+/**
+ * Narrows a thrown `Error` to our `APIError` (which carries the structured
+ * `error.error` envelope). react-query types failures as `Error`, so a runtime
+ * guard is the typed way to recover the richer shape.
+ */
+function isAPIError(error: Error): error is APIError {
+	return (
+		'error' in error &&
+		typeof (error as APIError).error === 'object' &&
+		(error as APIError).error !== null
+	);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adapts a query failure into the normalized status shape. Structured
+ * `APIError`s yield their backend code/message/docs/sub-messages; any other
+ * `Error` falls back to a generic 500 with its message.
+ */
+export function panelStatusFromError(
+	error: Error | null,
+): PanelStatusDetail | null {
+	if (!error) {
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	if (isAPIError(error)) {
+		const detail = error.error.error;
+		return {
+			code: detail?.code || FALLBACK_CODE,
+			message: detail?.message || FALLBACK_MESSAGE,
+			docsUrl: detail?.url || undefined,
+			messages: (detail?.errors ?? []).map((e) => e.message),
+		};
+	}
+
+	return {
+		code: FALLBACK_CODE,
+		message: error.message || FALLBACK_MESSAGE,
+		messages: [],
+	};
+}
+
+/** Adapts a query warning into the normalized status shape. */
+export function panelStatusFromWarning(
+	warning: WarningDTO | undefined,
+): PanelStatusDetail | null {
+	if (!warning) {
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	return {
+		message: warning.message || 'Warning',
+		docsUrl: warning.url || undefined,
+		messages: (warning.warnings ?? [])
+			.map((w) => w.message)
+			.filter((message): message is string => Boolean(message)),
+	};
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/__tests__/PanelHeader.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import { render, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import type { Warning } from 'types/api';
+
+import PanelHeader from '../PanelHeader';
+
+// The actions menu has its own gating logic (kind/role/context) and its own
+// tests; stub it so this test exercises only the header's status indicators.
+jest.mock(
+	'../PanelActionsMenu/PanelActionsMenu',
+	() =>
+		function MockPanelActionsMenu(): null {
+			return null;
+		},
+);
+
+const baseProps = {
+	title: 'My panel',
+	panelKind: 'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel',
+	panelId: 'panel-1',
+	isFetching: false,
+};
+
+const warning: Warning = {
+	code: 'partial_data',
+	message: 'Some series were dropped',
+	url: '',
+	warnings: [],
+};
+
+describe('PanelHeader status indicators', () => {
+	it('shows the error indicator whenever an error is present', () => {
+		render(<PanelHeader {...baseProps} error={new Error('boom')} />);
+		expect(screen.getByTestId('panel-status-error')).toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+
+	it('shows the warning indicator whenever a warning is present', () => {
+		render(<PanelHeader {...baseProps} warning={warning} />);
+		expect(screen.getByTestId('panel-status-warning')).toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+
+	it('renders no status indicators when there is no error or warning', () => {
+		render(<PanelHeader {...baseProps} />);
+		expect(screen.queryByTestId('panel-status-error')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+		expect(screen.queryByTestId('panel-status-warning')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Panel/hooks/usePanelInteractions.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import { useCallback, useMemo } from 'react';
+// eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports -- TODO: migrate global time dispatch off redux
+import { useDispatch } from 'react-redux';
+import { useLocation, useParams } from 'react-router-dom';
+import { QueryParams } from 'constants/query';
+import { PanelMode } from 'container/DashboardContainer/visualization/panels/types';
+import type { DashboardPreference } from 'pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/Panels/types/rendererProps';
+import { useDashboardCursorSyncMode } from 'hooks/dashboard/useDashboardCursorSyncMode';
+import { useSyncTooltipFilterMode } from 'hooks/dashboard/useSyncTooltipFilterMode';
+import { useSafeNavigate } from 'hooks/useSafeNavigate';
+import useUrlQuery from 'hooks/useUrlQuery';
+import { UpdateTimeInterval } from 'store/actions';
+
+export interface PanelInteractions {
+	/**
+	 * Drag-select a time range on a chart → write the window to the URL + global
+	 * time so every panel re-fetches against the same range.
+	 */
+	onDragSelect: (start: number, end: number) => void;
+	/**
+	 * Dashboard-wide rendering preferences (cursor sync, tooltip filter) keyed
+	 * off the dashboard id from the route.
+	 */
+	dashboardPreference: DashboardPreference;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encapsulates the cross-panel interactions shared by every dashboard-view
+ * panel: drag-to-zoom time selection and the cursor-sync / tooltip-filter
+ * preferences. Keeping this out of the `Panel` component keeps the component a
+ * thin render orchestrator and lets the wiring be unit-tested in isolation.
+ */
+export function usePanelInteractions(): PanelInteractions {
+	const dispatch = useDispatch();
+	const { pathname } = useLocation();
+	const { safeNavigate } = useSafeNavigate();
+	const urlQuery = useUrlQuery();
+	const { dashboardId } = useParams<{ dashboardId: string }>();
+
+	const [syncMode] = useDashboardCursorSyncMode(
+		dashboardId,
+		PanelMode.DASHBOARD_VIEW,
+	);
+	const [syncFilterMode] = useSyncTooltipFilterMode(dashboardId);
+
+	const dashboardPreference = useMemo<DashboardPreference>(
+		() => ({ syncMode, syncFilterMode, dashboardId }),
+		[syncMode, syncFilterMode, dashboardId],
+	);
+
+	const onDragSelect = useCallback(
+		(start: number, end: number): void => {
+			const startTimestamp = Math.trunc(start);
+			const endTimestamp = Math.trunc(end);
+
+			urlQuery.set(QueryParams.startTime, startTimestamp.toString());
+			urlQuery.set(QueryParams.endTime, endTimestamp.toString());
+			safeNavigate(`${pathname}?${urlQuery.toString()}`);
+
+			if (startTimestamp !== endTimestamp) {
+				dispatch(UpdateTimeInterval('custom', [startTimestamp, endTimestamp]));
+			}
+		},
+		[dispatch, pathname, safeNavigate, urlQuery],
+	);
+
+	return { onDragSelect, dashboardPreference };
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Section/Section/Section.tsx

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ import { usePanelTypeSelectionModalStore } from 'providers/Dashboard/helpers/pan
 import ConfirmDeleteDialog from '../../../components/ConfirmDeleteDialog/ConfirmDeleteDialog';
 import type { DashboardSection } from '../../../utils';
 import type { AddPanelArgs } from '../../Panel/hooks/useAddPanelToSection';
-import type { DeletePanelArgs } from '../../Panel/hooks/useDeletePanel';
-import type { MovePanelArgs } from '../../Panel/hooks/useMovePanelToSection';
 import PanelTypeSelectionModal from '../../Panel/PanelTypeSelectionModal/PanelTypeSelectionModal';
 import { useDashboardStore } from '../../../store/useDashboardStore';
 import { useDeleteSection } from '../hooks/useDeleteSection';
@@ -26,10 +24,8 @@ interface SectionProps {
 	section: DashboardSection;
 	/** Adds a panel to this section; present only in editable sectioned mode. */
 	onAddPanel?: (args: AddPanelArgs) => void;
-	/** All sections + per-panel handlers, for the panel "Move to section" / delete actions. */
+	/** All sections — layout context for the panel menu's move/delete actions. */
 	sections?: DashboardSection[];
-	onMovePanel?: (args: MovePanelArgs) => void;
-	onDeletePanel?: (args: DeletePanelArgs) => void;
 	/** Provided by SortableSection in sectioned mode; absent for untitled/free-flow. */
 	dragHandle?: SectionDragHandle;
 }
@@ -38,8 +34,6 @@ function Section({
 	section,
 	onAddPanel,
 	sections,
-	onMovePanel,
-	onDeletePanel,
 	dragHandle,
 }: SectionProps): JSX.Element {
 	const isEditable = useDashboardStore((s) => s.isEditable);
@@ -92,8 +86,6 @@ function Section({
 			layoutIndex={section.layoutIndex}
 			isVisible={isVisible}
 			sections={sections}
-			onMovePanel={onMovePanel}
-			onDeletePanel={onDeletePanel}
 		/>
 	);
 

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Section/SectionGrid/SectionGrid.module.scss

@@ -9,4 +9,11 @@
 		z-index: 2;
 		user-select: none;
 	}
+
+	:global(.react-resizable-handle) {
+		&::after {
+			border-right-color: var(--l2-border) !important;
+			border-bottom-color: var(--l2-border) !important;
+		}
+	}
 }

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Section/SectionGrid/SectionGrid.tsx

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ import { useMemo } from 'react';
 import GridLayout, { WidthProvider, type Layout } from 'react-grid-layout';
 
 import type { DashboardSection } from '../../../utils';
-import type { DeletePanelArgs } from '../../Panel/hooks/useDeletePanel';
-import type { MovePanelArgs } from '../../Panel/hooks/useMovePanelToSection';
 import Panel from '../../Panel/Panel';
 import { useDashboardStore } from '../../../store/useDashboardStore';
 import { usePersistLayout } from '../hooks/usePersistLayout';
@@ -16,10 +14,8 @@ interface SectionGridProps {
 	layoutIndex: number;
 	/** Forwarded to panels — true when the parent section is in the viewport. */
 	isVisible?: boolean;
-	/** All sections + handlers — present only in editable sectioned mode (panel "Move to section" / delete). */
+	/** All sections — layout context for the panel menu's move/delete actions. */
 	sections?: DashboardSection[];
-	onMovePanel?: (args: MovePanelArgs) => void;
-	onDeletePanel?: (args: DeletePanelArgs) => void;
 }
 
 function SectionGrid({
@@ -27,8 +23,6 @@ function SectionGrid({
 	layoutIndex,
 	isVisible,
 	sections,
-	onMovePanel,
-	onDeletePanel,
 }: SectionGridProps): JSX.Element {
 	const isEditable = useDashboardStore((s) => s.isEditable);
 	const rglLayout = useMemo<Layout[]>(
@@ -54,6 +48,7 @@ function SectionGrid({
 			useCSSTransforms
 			layout={rglLayout}
 			draggableHandle=".panel-drag-handle"
+			draggableCancel=".panel-no-drag"
 			isDraggable={isEditable}
 			isResizable={isEditable}
 			onDragStop={handleLayoutChange}
@@ -67,12 +62,10 @@ function SectionGrid({
 						panelId={item.id}
 						isVisible={isVisible}
 						panelActions={
-							isEditable && onMovePanel && onDeletePanel
+							isEditable
 								? {
 										currentLayoutIndex: layoutIndex,
 										sections: sections ?? [],
-										onMovePanel,
-										onDeletePanel,
 									}
 								: undefined
 						}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Section/SectionList.tsx

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ import type { DashboardtypesLayoutDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.sche
 
 import type { DashboardSection } from '../../utils';
 import { useAddPanelToSection } from '../Panel/hooks/useAddPanelToSection';
-import { useDeletePanel } from '../Panel/hooks/useDeletePanel';
-import { useMovePanelToSection } from '../Panel/hooks/useMovePanelToSection';
 import { useDashboardStore } from '../../store/useDashboardStore';
 import { useSectionDragReorder } from './hooks/useSectionDragReorder';
 import Section from './Section/Section';
@@ -38,8 +36,6 @@ function SectionList({ sections, layouts }: SectionListProps): JSX.Element {
 	} = useSectionDragReorder({ sections, layouts });
 
 	const onAddPanel = useAddPanelToSection({ sections });
-	const onMovePanel = useMovePanelToSection({ sections });
-	const onDeletePanel = useDeletePanel({ sections });
 
 	// Only titled sections participate in reordering; untitled (free-flow)
 	// blocks render in place without a drag handle.
@@ -75,8 +71,6 @@ function SectionList({ sections, layouts }: SectionListProps): JSX.Element {
 							section={section}
 							sections={sections}
 							onAddPanel={onAddPanel}
-							onMovePanel={onMovePanel}
-							onDeletePanel={onDeletePanel}
 						/>
 					) : (
 						<Section
@@ -84,8 +78,6 @@ function SectionList({ sections, layouts }: SectionListProps): JSX.Element {
 							section={section}
 							sections={sections}
 							onAddPanel={onAddPanel}
-							onMovePanel={onMovePanel}
-							onDeletePanel={onDeletePanel}
 						/>
 					),
 				)}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/Section/SortableSection.tsx

@@ -3,24 +3,18 @@ import { CSS } from '@dnd-kit/utilities';
 
 import type { DashboardSection } from '../../utils';
 import type { AddPanelArgs } from '../Panel/hooks/useAddPanelToSection';
-import type { DeletePanelArgs } from '../Panel/hooks/useDeletePanel';
-import type { MovePanelArgs } from '../Panel/hooks/useMovePanelToSection';
 import Section from './Section/Section';
 
 interface SortableSectionProps {
 	section: DashboardSection;
 	sections: DashboardSection[];
 	onAddPanel: (args: AddPanelArgs) => void;
-	onMovePanel: (args: MovePanelArgs) => void;
-	onDeletePanel: (args: DeletePanelArgs) => void;
 }
 
 function SortableSection({
 	section,
 	sections,
 	onAddPanel,
-	onMovePanel,
-	onDeletePanel,
 }: SortableSectionProps): JSX.Element {
 	const {
 		attributes,
@@ -48,8 +42,6 @@ function SortableSection({
 				section={section}
 				sections={sections}
 				onAddPanel={onAddPanel}
-				onMovePanel={onMovePanel}
-				onDeletePanel={onDeletePanel}
 				dragHandle={{ attributes, listeners, setActivatorNodeRef }}
 			/>
 		</div>

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/PanelsAndSectionsLayout/index.tsx

@@ -48,8 +48,11 @@ function PanelsAndSectionsLayout({
 			return <SectionList sections={sections} layouts={layouts} />;
 		}
 
+		// Free-flow (no titled sections): panels still get the layout context so
+		// the menu's delete action can patch the section's items (previously a
+		// silent noop in this mode).
 		return sections.map((section) => (
-			<Section key={section.id} section={section} />
+			<Section key={section.id} section={section} sections={sections} />
 		));
 	};
 

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/__tests__/usePanelQuery.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+// eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports
+import { useSelector } from 'react-redux';
+import { renderHook } from '@testing-library/react';
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+
+import { usePanelQuery } from '../usePanelQuery';
+import { useGetQueryRangeV5 } from '../useGetQueryRangeV5';
+
+jest.mock('react-redux', () => ({
+	useSelector: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+jest.mock('../useGetQueryRangeV5', () => ({
+	useGetQueryRangeV5: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+const mockUseSelector = useSelector as unknown as jest.Mock;
+const mockUseGetQueryRangeV5 = useGetQueryRangeV5 as unknown as jest.Mock;
+
+// ---- helpers ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Test fixtures are cast at the outer boundary; the perses-generated panel and
+// query plugin unions are too verbose to construct field-typed inline.
+
+function panelWith(
+	panelKind: string,
+	querySpec: Record<string, unknown>,
+): DashboardtypesPanelDTO {
+	return {
+		kind: 'Panel',
+		spec: {
+			plugin: { kind: panelKind, spec: {} },
+			queries: [
+				{
+					kind: 'TimeSeriesQuery',
+					spec: {
+						plugin: { kind: 'signoz/BuilderQuery', spec: querySpec },
+					},
+				},
+			],
+		},
+	} as unknown as DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+}
+
+function builderPanel(): DashboardtypesPanelDTO {
+	return panelWith('signoz/TimeSeriesPanel', {
+		name: 'A',
+		signal: 'logs',
+		filter: { expression: '' },
+	});
+}
+
+function emptyPanel(): DashboardtypesPanelDTO {
+	return {
+		kind: 'Panel',
+		spec: {
+			plugin: { kind: 'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel', spec: {} },
+			queries: [],
+		},
+	} as unknown as DashboardtypesPanelDTO;
+}
+
+// Nanoseconds, as redux globalTime stores them. 1e15 ns = 1e9 ms.
+const DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TIME = {
+	selectedTime: 'GLOBAL_TIME',
+	minTime: 1_000_000_000_000_000,
+	maxTime: 2_000_000_000_000_000,
+	isAutoRefreshDisabled: false,
+};
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+	jest.clearAllMocks();
+	mockUseSelector.mockImplementation((selector: unknown) => {
+		// usePanelQuery passes a selector `(state) => state.globalTime`.
+		return (
+			selector as (state: { globalTime: typeof DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TIME }) => unknown
+		)({ globalTime: DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TIME });
+	});
+	mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mockReturnValue({
+		data: undefined,
+		isLoading: false,
+		isFetching: false,
+		error: null,
+	});
+});
+
+// ---- tests -----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+describe('usePanelQuery', () => {
+	it('builds the generated V5 request DTO directly from panel.spec.queries', () => {
+		renderHook(() => usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1' }));
+		const [{ requestPayload }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(requestPayload.schemaVersion).toBe('v1');
+		expect(requestPayload.compositeQuery.queries).toStrictEqual([
+			{
+				type: 'builder_query',
+				spec: { name: 'A', signal: 'logs', filter: { expression: '' } },
+			},
+		]);
+	});
+
+	it('converts redux nanosecond time to epoch ms on the request', () => {
+		renderHook(() => usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1' }));
+		const [{ requestPayload }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(requestPayload.start).toBe(1_000_000_000);
+		expect(requestPayload.end).toBe(2_000_000_000);
+	});
+
+	it.each([
+		['signoz/TimeSeriesPanel', 'time_series'],
+		['signoz/ListPanel', 'raw'],
+		// HISTOGRAM and BAR panels bin/derive from raw time-series data
+		// client-side, so the backend must receive `time_series` (V1 parity).
+		['signoz/HistogramPanel', 'time_series'],
+		['signoz/BarChartPanel', 'time_series'],
+		['signoz/NumberPanel', 'scalar'],
+		['signoz/PieChartPanel', 'scalar'],
+	])('%s panel sends requestType=%s', (panelKind, requestType) => {
+		renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({
+				panel: panelWith(panelKind, { name: 'A', signal: 'logs' }),
+				panelId: 'p1',
+			}),
+		);
+		const [{ requestPayload }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(requestPayload.requestType).toBe(requestType);
+	});
+
+	it('exposes the raw V5 response, request payload, and legend map on data', () => {
+		const v5Response = { status: 'success', data: { type: 'time_series' } };
+		mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mockReturnValue({
+			data: v5Response,
+			isLoading: false,
+			isFetching: false,
+			error: null,
+		});
+
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1' }),
+		);
+
+		expect(result.current.data.response).toBe(v5Response);
+		expect(result.current.data.legendMap).toStrictEqual({ A: '' });
+		expect(result.current.data.requestPayload?.schemaVersion).toBe('v1');
+	});
+
+	it('exposes an undefined response before data arrives', () => {
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1' }),
+		);
+		expect(result.current.data.response).toBeUndefined();
+	});
+
+	it('exposes error from the fetch hook', () => {
+		mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mockReturnValue({
+			data: undefined,
+			isLoading: false,
+			isFetching: false,
+			error: new Error('boom'),
+		});
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1' }),
+		);
+		expect(result.current.error?.message).toBe('boom');
+	});
+
+	it('combines isLoading and isFetching into a single isLoading flag', () => {
+		mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mockReturnValue({
+			data: undefined,
+			isLoading: false,
+			isFetching: true,
+			error: null,
+		});
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1' }),
+		);
+		expect(result.current.isLoading).toBe(true);
+	});
+
+	it('coerces a missing/undefined error to null', () => {
+		mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mockReturnValue({
+			data: undefined,
+			isLoading: false,
+			isFetching: false,
+			error: undefined,
+		});
+		const { result } = renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1' }),
+		);
+		expect(result.current.error).toBeNull();
+	});
+
+	it('passes enabled=false to the fetch hook when the caller disables it', () => {
+		renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({ panel: builderPanel(), panelId: 'p1', enabled: false }),
+		);
+		const [{ enabled }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(enabled).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('auto-disables the fetch when the panel has no queries (even with enabled=true)', () => {
+		renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({ panel: emptyPanel(), panelId: 'p1', enabled: true }),
+		);
+		const [{ enabled }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(enabled).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('auto-disables the fetch when every metrics query is missing a metric name', () => {
+		renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({
+				panel: panelWith('signoz/TimeSeriesPanel', {
+					name: 'A',
+					signal: 'metrics',
+					aggregations: [{}],
+				}),
+				panelId: 'p1',
+			}),
+		);
+		const [{ enabled }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(enabled).toBe(false);
+	});
+
+	it('composes a react-query cache key that includes panelId, time range, kind, and queries', () => {
+		const panel = builderPanel();
+		renderHook(() => usePanelQuery({ panel, panelId: 'p1' }));
+		const [{ queryKey }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(queryKey).toStrictEqual(
+			expect.arrayContaining([
+				'p1',
+				DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TIME.minTime,
+				DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TIME.maxTime,
+				DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TIME.selectedTime,
+				'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel',
+				panel.spec?.queries,
+			]),
+		);
+	});
+
+	it('uses the time override (not redux) for the request window and cache key', () => {
+		const panel = builderPanel();
+		renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({
+				panel,
+				panelId: 'p1',
+				time: { startMs: 1_700_000_000_000, endMs: 1_700_000_600_000 },
+			}),
+		);
+		const [{ requestPayload, queryKey }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		// Window comes from the override, not the redux nanosecond time.
+		expect(requestPayload.start).toBe(1_700_000_000_000);
+		expect(requestPayload.end).toBe(1_700_000_600_000);
+		// Cache key keys off the override so the preview refetches independently
+		// of the dashboard and never collides with its redux-keyed entry.
+		expect(queryKey).toStrictEqual(
+			expect.arrayContaining([
+				'p1',
+				'override-1700000000000-1700000600000',
+				'signoz/TimeSeriesPanel',
+				panel.spec?.queries,
+			]),
+		);
+		expect(queryKey).not.toContain(DEFAULT_GLOBAL_TIME.minTime);
+	});
+
+	it('floors fractional override ms — V1 time helpers emit floats but start/end are int64', () => {
+		renderHook(() =>
+			usePanelQuery({
+				panel: builderPanel(),
+				panelId: 'p1',
+				time: { startMs: 1_700_000_000_000.546, endMs: 1_700_000_600_000.999 },
+			}),
+		);
+		const [{ requestPayload, queryKey }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(requestPayload.start).toBe(1_700_000_000_000);
+		expect(requestPayload.end).toBe(1_700_000_600_000);
+		// The cache key carries the floored values so it matches the request.
+		expect(queryKey).toStrictEqual(
+			expect.arrayContaining(['override-1700000000000-1700000600000']),
+		);
+	});
+
+	it('builds an empty composite and disables the fetch when panel is undefined (no crash)', () => {
+		renderHook(() => usePanelQuery({ panel: undefined, panelId: 'p-none' }));
+		const [{ requestPayload, enabled }] = mockUseGetQueryRangeV5.mock.calls[0];
+		expect(requestPayload.compositeQuery.queries).toStrictEqual([]);
+		expect(enabled).toBe(false);
+	});
+});

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/useGetQueryRangeV5.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import { useQuery, UseQueryResult } from 'react-query';
+import { isAxiosError } from 'axios';
+import { queryRangeV5 } from 'api/generated/services/querier';
+import type {
+	Querybuildertypesv5QueryRangeRequestDTO,
+	QueryRangeV5200,
+} from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { MAX_QUERY_RETRIES } from 'constants/reactQuery';
+
+export interface UseGetQueryRangeV5Args {
+	requestPayload: Querybuildertypesv5QueryRangeRequestDTO | undefined;
+	queryKey: unknown[];
+	enabled: boolean;
+}
+
+// 4xx responses are deterministic (bad query, auth) — retrying re-sends a
+// request that will fail identically. Same policy as V1's useGetQueryRange.
+function retryUnlessClientError(failureCount: number, error: Error): boolean {
+	if (isAxiosError(error)) {
+		if (error.code === 'ERR_CANCELED') {
+			return false;
+		}
+		const status = error.response?.status;
+		if (status && status >= 400 && status < 500) {
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	return failureCount < MAX_QUERY_RETRIES;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Pure-V5 query-range fetch: posts the generated request DTO via the
+ * generated `queryRangeV5` call and returns the raw generated response —
+ * no V1 `Query` shape on either leg. Wrapped in `useQuery` (not the
+ * generated `useQueryRangeV5` mutation hook) because panel fetches need
+ * caching, `enabled` gating, and refetch semantics.
+ */
+export function useGetQueryRangeV5({
+	requestPayload,
+	queryKey,
+	enabled,
+}: UseGetQueryRangeV5Args): UseQueryResult<QueryRangeV5200, Error> {
+	return useQuery<QueryRangeV5200, Error>({
+		queryKey,
+		queryFn: ({ signal }) => queryRangeV5(requestPayload, signal),
+		enabled: enabled && !!requestPayload,
+		retry: retryUnlessClientError,
+	});
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/useOpenPanelEditor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { useCallback } from 'react';
+import { useLocation } from 'react-router-dom';
+import { QueryParams } from 'constants/query';
+import { useSafeNavigate } from 'hooks/useSafeNavigate';
+import useUrlQuery from 'hooks/useUrlQuery';
+
+/**
+ * Returns a callback that opens the V2 panel editor overlay for a panel by
+ * setting the `editPanelId` query param on the current dashboard URL.
+ * DashboardContainer reads the param and renders the editor — the dashboard
+ * stays mounted underneath. URL-driven so any entry point (panel actions menu,
+ * future title interactions, empty states) can open the editor without
+ * threading callbacks through the layout tree.
+ */
+export function useOpenPanelEditor(): (panelId: string) => void {
+	const { pathname } = useLocation();
+	const { safeNavigate } = useSafeNavigate();
+	const urlQuery = useUrlQuery();
+
+	return useCallback(
+		(panelId: string): void => {
+			urlQuery.set(QueryParams.editPanelId, panelId);
+			safeNavigate(`${pathname}?${urlQuery.toString()}`);
+		},
+		[urlQuery, safeNavigate, pathname],
+	);
+}

frontend/src/pages/DashboardPageV2/DashboardContainer/hooks/usePanelQuery.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+// eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports -- TODO: migrate global time selector off redux
+import { useSelector } from 'react-redux';
+import type { DashboardtypesPanelDTO } from 'api/generated/services/sigNoz.schemas';
+import { PANEL_TYPES } from 'constants/queryBuilder';
+import { REACT_QUERY_KEY } from 'constants/reactQueryKeys';
+import { AppState } from 'store/reducers';
+import { GlobalReducer } from 'types/reducer/globalTime';
+
+import {
+	buildQueryRangeRequest,
+	extractLegendMap,
+	hasRunnableQueries,
+} from '../queryV5/buildQueryRangeRequest';
+import type { PanelQueryData } from '../queryV5/types';
+import {
+	PANEL_KIND_TO_PANEL_TYPE,
+	type PanelKind,
+} from '../Panels/types/panelKind';
+import { useGetQueryRangeV5 } from './useGetQueryRangeV5';
+
+export interface UsePanelQueryArgs {
+	panel: DashboardtypesPanelDTO | undefined;
+	panelId: string;
+	/**
+	 * Gate the underlying fetch. Defaults to true. PanelV2 sets this false when
+	 * no plugin is registered for the panel's kind so the unknown-kind fallback
+	 * UI doesn't trigger a wasted API call.
+	 *
+	 * The hook *also* auto-disables internally when the panel has no runnable
+	 * queries — callers don't need to compute that themselves.
+	 */
+	enabled?: boolean;
+	/**
+	 * Override the time window instead of reading global Redux time. Used by the
+	 * panel editor preview to stay isolated from the dashboard — changing the
+	 * preview time neither touches nor re-runs the dashboard behind the overlay.
+	 */
+	time?: PanelQueryTimeOverride;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Editor-local time window in epoch milliseconds (the V5 request native unit).
+ * The caller resolves its selection — relative or custom — to an absolute
+ * window so the fetch can ignore global Redux time entirely. Fractional ms are
+ * floored before the request: the V1 time helpers some callers resolve through
+ * (e.g. getStartEndRangeTime → getMicroSeconds) divide without truncating, and
+ * the V5 start/end are int64 — a float breaks the API call.
+ */
+export interface PanelQueryTimeOverride {
+	startMs: number;
+	endMs: number;
+}
+
+export interface UsePanelQueryResult {
+	/** Raw V5 fetch result — response + the request that produced it. */
+	data: PanelQueryData;
+	/** Combines `isLoading` (first fetch) and `isFetching` (background refresh). */
+	isLoading: boolean;
+	/** Background refresh in flight while data is already present. */
+	isFetching: boolean;
+	error: Error | null;
+	/** Re-run the query (e.g. a retry button on the error state). */
+	refetch: () => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetches the query-range data for a V2 panel over the pure-V5 contract.
+ *
+ *   1. Request — `buildQueryRangeRequest` assembles the generated
+ *      `Querybuildertypesv5QueryRangeRequestDTO` directly from the panel's
+ *      perses queries (a CompositeQuery plugin already nests the V5
+ *      envelope list). No V1 `Query` intermediary.
+ *   2. Time + variables — reads the global time selection from Redux
+ *      (variables substitution is intentionally deferred until V2 has its
+ *      own variable plumbing).
+ *   3. Fetch — `useGetQueryRangeV5` posts via the generated `queryRangeV5`
+ *      call with a react-query cache key composed from panel identity +
+ *      time range + kind + queries.
+ *
+ * Renderers consume the raw V5 response through the `queryV5` prep utils
+ * (`flattenTimeSeries`, `prepareScalarTables`, …).
+ *
+ * The hook is consumed today by PanelV2 (renderer dispatch) and will be
+ * consumed by PanelEditor (1.8) for "preview as you edit."
+ */
+export function usePanelQuery({
+	panel,
+	panelId,
+	enabled = true,
+	time,
+}: UsePanelQueryArgs): UsePanelQueryResult {
+	const fullKind = panel?.spec?.plugin?.kind;
+	const panelType =
+		(fullKind && PANEL_KIND_TO_PANEL_TYPE[fullKind as PanelKind]) ??
+		PANEL_TYPES.TIME_SERIES;
+	const queries = panel?.spec?.queries;
+
+	const {
+		selectedTime: globalSelectedInterval,
+		maxTime,
+		minTime,
+	} = useSelector<AppState, GlobalReducer>((state) => state.globalTime);
+
+	// Redux global time is in nanoseconds; the V5 API takes epoch ms. An editor
+	// time override (already in ms) wins so the preview fetch is independent of
+	// the dashboard's global selection. Floor both paths: start/end are int64
+	// on the wire, and override values can carry fractional ms (see
+	// PanelQueryTimeOverride).
+	const startMs = Math.floor(time ? time.startMs : minTime / 1e6);
+	const endMs = Math.floor(time ? time.endMs : maxTime / 1e6);
+
+	const requestPayload = useMemo(
+		() =>
+			buildQueryRangeRequest({
+				queries: queries ?? [],
+				panelType,
+				startMs,
+				endMs,
+			}),
+		[queries, panelType, startMs, endMs],
+	);
+
+	const legendMap = useMemo(() => extractLegendMap(queries ?? []), [queries]);
+
+	const runnable = useMemo(() => hasRunnableQueries(queries ?? []), [queries]);
+
+	const response = useGetQueryRangeV5({
+		requestPayload,
+		queryKey: [
+			REACT_QUERY_KEY.DASHBOARD_GRID_CARD_QUERY_RANGE,
+			panelId,
+			// Dashboard keys off Redux min/max + interval; the editor passes an
+			// explicit ms window. Keep each distinct so they refetch on their own
+			// time without colliding in the react-query cache. The floored values
+			// key the cache so it matches what was actually requested.
+			...(time
+				? [`override-${startMs}-${endMs}`]
+				: [minTime, maxTime, globalSelectedInterval]),
+			fullKind,
+			queries,
+		],
+		enabled: enabled && runnable,
+	});
+
+	const data = useMemo<PanelQueryData>(
+		() => ({ response: response.data, requestPayload, legendMap }),
+		[response.data, requestPayload, legendMap],
+	);
+
+	return {
+		data,
+		isLoading: response.isLoading || response.isFetching,
+		isFetching: response.isFetching,
+		// Coerce undefined → null so the contract is `Error | null`, not
+		// `Error | null | undefined`. Consumers can rely on a single
+		// "no error" sentinel.
+		error: (response.error as Error | null) ?? null,
+		refetch: response.refetch,
+	};
+}