Merge branch 'main' into fix/waterfall_tests

* fix(querier): return proper HTTP status for PromQL timeout errors

PromQL queries hitting the context deadline were incorrectly returning
400 Bad Request with "invalid_input" because enhancePromQLError
unconditionally wrapped all errors as TypeInvalidInput. Extract
tryEnhancePromQLExecError to properly classify timeout, cancellation,
and storage errors before falling through to parse error handling.

Also make the PromQL engine timeout configurable via prometheus.timeout
config (default 2m) instead of hardcoding it.

* chore: refactor files

* fix(prometheus): validate timeout config and fix test setups

Add validation in prometheus.Config to reject zero timeout. Update all
test files to explicitly set Timeout: 2 * time.Minute in prometheus.Config
literals to avoid immediate query timeouts.

conf/example.yaml

@@ -144,6 +144,8 @@ telemetrystore:
 
 ##################### Prometheus #####################
 prometheus:
+  # The maximum time a PromQL query is allowed to run before being aborted.
+  timeout: 2m
   active_query_tracker:
     # Whether to enable the active query tracker.
     enabled: true

ee/query-service/rules/manager_test.go

@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func TestManager_TestNotification_SendUnmatched_PromRule(t *testing.T) {
 						WillReturnRows(samplesRows)
 
 					// Create Prometheus provider for this test
-					promProvider = prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, store)
+					promProvider = prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, store)
 				},
 				ManagerOptionsHook: func(opts *rules.ManagerOptions) {
 					// Set Prometheus provider for PromQL queries

frontend/src/container/InfraMonitoringK8s/Volumes/VolumeDetails/constants.ts

@@ -62,9 +62,6 @@ export const getVolumeQueryPayload = (
 	const k8sPVCNameKey = dotMetricsEnabled
 		? 'k8s.persistentvolumeclaim.name'
 		: 'k8s_persistentvolumeclaim_name';
-	const legendTemplate = dotMetricsEnabled
-		? '{{k8s.namespace.name}}-{{k8s.pod.name}}'
-		: '{{k8s_namespace_name}}-{{k8s_pod_name}}';
 
 	return [
 		{
@@ -136,7 +133,7 @@ export const getVolumeQueryPayload = (
 							functions: [],
 							groupBy: [],
 							having: [],
-							legend: legendTemplate,
+							legend: 'Available',
 							limit: null,
 							orderBy: [],
 							queryName: 'A',
@@ -228,7 +225,7 @@ export const getVolumeQueryPayload = (
 							functions: [],
 							groupBy: [],
 							having: [],
-							legend: legendTemplate,
+							legend: 'Capacity',
 							limit: null,
 							orderBy: [],
 							queryName: 'A',
@@ -319,7 +316,7 @@ export const getVolumeQueryPayload = (
 							},
 							groupBy: [],
 							having: [],
-							legend: legendTemplate,
+							legend: 'Inodes Used',
 							limit: null,
 							orderBy: [],
 							queryName: 'A',
@@ -411,7 +408,7 @@ export const getVolumeQueryPayload = (
 							},
 							groupBy: [],
 							having: [],
-							legend: legendTemplate,
+							legend: 'Total Inodes',
 							limit: null,
 							orderBy: [],
 							queryName: 'A',
@@ -503,7 +500,7 @@ export const getVolumeQueryPayload = (
 							},
 							groupBy: [],
 							having: [],
-							legend: legendTemplate,
+							legend: 'Inodes Free',
 							limit: null,
 							orderBy: [],
 							queryName: 'A',

pkg/prometheus/config.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package prometheus
 import (
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/factory"
 )
 
@@ -20,6 +21,9 @@ type Config struct {
 	//
 	// If not set, the prometheus default is used (currently 5m).
 	LookbackDelta time.Duration `mapstructure:"lookback_delta"`
+
+	// Timeout is the maximum time a query is allowed to run before being aborted.
+	Timeout time.Duration `mapstructure:"timeout"`
 }
 
 func NewConfigFactory() factory.ConfigFactory {
@@ -33,10 +37,14 @@ func newConfig() factory.Config {
 			Path:          "",
 			MaxConcurrent: 20,
 		},
+		Timeout: 2 * time.Minute,
 	}
 }
 
 func (c Config) Validate() error {
+	if c.Timeout <= 0 {
+		return errors.Newf(errors.TypeInvalidInput, errors.CodeInvalidInput, "prometheus::timeout must be greater than 0")
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 

pkg/prometheus/constants.go

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-package prometheus
-
-const FingerprintAsPromLabelName = "fingerprint"

pkg/prometheus/engine.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package prometheus
 
 import (
 	"log/slog"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/promql"
 )
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ func NewEngine(logger *slog.Logger, cfg Config) *Engine {
 		Logger:             logger,
 		Reg:                nil,
 		MaxSamples:         5_0000_000,
-		Timeout:            2 * time.Minute,
+		Timeout:            cfg.Timeout,
 		ActiveQueryTracker: activeQueryTracker,
 		LookbackDelta:      cfg.LookbackDelta,
 	})

pkg/prometheus/label.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/promql"
 )
 
+const FingerprintAsPromLabelName string = "fingerprint"
+
 func RemoveExtraLabels(res *promql.Result, labelsToRemove ...string) error {
 	if len(labelsToRemove) == 0 || res == nil {
 		return nil

pkg/querier/promql_query.go

@@ -36,6 +36,28 @@ var unquotedDottedNamePattern = regexp.MustCompile(`(?:^|[{,(\s])([a-zA-Z_][a-zA
 // This is a common mistake when migrating to UTF-8 syntax.
 var quotedMetricOutsideBracesPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`"([^"]+)"\s*\{`)
 
+// tryEnhancePromQLExecError attempts to convert a PromQL execution error into
+// a properly typed error. Returns nil if the error is not a recognized execution error.
+func tryEnhancePromQLExecError(execErr error) error {
+	var eqc promql.ErrQueryCanceled
+	var eqt promql.ErrQueryTimeout
+	var es promql.ErrStorage
+	switch {
+	case errors.As(execErr, &eqc):
+		return errors.Newf(errors.TypeCanceled, errors.CodeCanceled, "query canceled").WithAdditional(eqc.Error())
+	case errors.As(execErr, &eqt):
+		return errors.Newf(errors.TypeTimeout, errors.CodeTimeout, "query timed out").WithAdditional(eqt.Error())
+	case errors.Is(execErr, context.DeadlineExceeded):
+		return errors.Newf(errors.TypeTimeout, errors.CodeTimeout, "query timed out")
+	case errors.Is(execErr, context.Canceled):
+		return errors.Newf(errors.TypeCanceled, errors.CodeCanceled, "query canceled")
+	case errors.As(execErr, &es):
+		return errors.Newf(errors.TypeInternal, errors.CodeInternal, "query execution error: %v", execErr)
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 // enhancePromQLError adds helpful context to PromQL parse errors,
 // particularly for UTF-8 syntax migration issues where metric and label
 // names containing dots need to be quoted.
@@ -213,27 +235,20 @@ func (q *promqlQuery) Execute(ctx context.Context) (*qbv5.Result, error) {
 		time.Unix(0, end),
 		q.query.Step.Duration,
 	)
-
 	if err != nil {
+		// NewRangeQuery can fail with execution errors (e.g. context deadline exceeded)
+		// during the query queue/scheduling stage, not just parse errors.
+		if err := tryEnhancePromQLExecError(err); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
 		return nil, enhancePromQLError(query, err)
 	}
 
 	res := qry.Exec(ctx)
 	if res.Err != nil {
-		var eqc promql.ErrQueryCanceled
-		var eqt promql.ErrQueryTimeout
-		var es promql.ErrStorage
-		switch {
-		case errors.As(res.Err, &eqc):
-			return nil, errors.Newf(errors.TypeCanceled, errors.CodeCanceled, "query canceled")
-		case errors.As(res.Err, &eqt):
-			return nil, errors.Newf(errors.TypeTimeout, errors.CodeTimeout, "query timeout")
-		case errors.As(res.Err, &es):
-			return nil, errors.Newf(errors.TypeInternal, errors.CodeInternal, "query execution error: %v", res.Err)
-		}
-
-		if errors.Is(res.Err, context.Canceled) {
-			return nil, errors.Newf(errors.TypeCanceled, errors.CodeCanceled, "query canceled")
+		if err := tryEnhancePromQLExecError(res.Err); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
 		}
 
 		return nil, errors.Newf(errors.TypeInternal, errors.CodeInternal, "query execution error: %v", res.Err)

pkg/query-service/app/querier/querier_test.go

@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@ func Test_querier_Traces_runWindowBasedListQueryDesc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,
@@ -1633,7 +1633,7 @@ func Test_querier_Traces_runWindowBasedListQueryAsc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,
@@ -1934,7 +1934,7 @@ func Test_querier_Logs_runWindowBasedListQueryDesc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,
@@ -2162,7 +2162,7 @@ func Test_querier_Logs_runWindowBasedListQueryAsc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,

pkg/query-service/app/querier/v2/querier_test.go

@@ -1459,7 +1459,7 @@ func Test_querier_Traces_runWindowBasedListQueryDesc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,
@@ -1685,7 +1685,7 @@ func Test_querier_Traces_runWindowBasedListQueryAsc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,
@@ -1985,7 +1985,7 @@ func Test_querier_Logs_runWindowBasedListQueryDesc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,
@@ -2213,7 +2213,7 @@ func Test_querier_Logs_runWindowBasedListQueryAsc(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Duration(time.Second),
 				nil,

pkg/query-service/app/traces/tracedetail/waterfall.go

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func getPathFromRootToSelectedSpanId(node *model.Span, selectedSpanId string, un
 	spansFromRootToNode := []string{}
 
 	if node.SpanID == selectedSpanId {
-		if isSelectedSpanIDUnCollapsed {
+		if isSelectedSpanIDUnCollapsed && !slices.Contains(uncollapsedSpans, node.SpanID) {
 			spansFromRootToNode = append(spansFromRootToNode, node.SpanID)
 		}
 		return true, spansFromRootToNode
@@ -88,7 +88,15 @@ func getPathFromRootToSelectedSpanId(node *model.Span, selectedSpanId string, un
 	return isPresentInSubtreeForTheNode, spansFromRootToNode
 }
 
-func traverseTrace(span *model.Span, uncollapsedSpans []string, level uint64, isPartOfPreOrder bool, hasSibling bool, selectedSpanId string) []*model.Span {
+// traverseOpts holds the traversal configuration that remains constant
+// throughout the recursion. Per-call state (level, isPartOfPreOrder, etc.)
+// is passed as direct arguments.
+type traverseOpts struct {
+	uncollapsedSpans []string
+	selectedSpanID   string
+}
+
+func traverseTrace(span *model.Span, opts traverseOpts, level uint64, isPartOfPreOrder bool, hasSibling bool) []*model.Span {
 	preOrderTraversal := []*model.Span{}
 
 	// sort the children to maintain the order across requests
@@ -126,8 +134,9 @@ func traverseTrace(span *model.Span, uncollapsedSpans []string, level uint64, is
 		preOrderTraversal = append(preOrderTraversal, &nodeWithoutChildren)
 	}
 
+	isAlreadyUncollapsed := slices.Contains(opts.uncollapsedSpans, span.SpanID)
 	for index, child := range span.Children {
-		_childTraversal := traverseTrace(child, uncollapsedSpans, level+1, isPartOfPreOrder && slices.Contains(uncollapsedSpans, span.SpanID), index != (len(span.Children)-1), selectedSpanId)
+		_childTraversal := traverseTrace(child, opts, level+1, isPartOfPreOrder && isAlreadyUncollapsed, index != (len(span.Children)-1))
 		preOrderTraversal = append(preOrderTraversal, _childTraversal...)
 		nodeWithoutChildren.SubTreeNodeCount += child.SubTreeNodeCount + 1
 		span.SubTreeNodeCount += child.SubTreeNodeCount + 1
@@ -168,7 +177,11 @@ func GetSelectedSpans(uncollapsedSpans []string, selectedSpanID string, traceRoo
 			_, spansFromRootToNode := getPathFromRootToSelectedSpanId(rootNode, selectedSpanID, updatedUncollapsedSpans, isSelectedSpanIDUnCollapsed)
 			updatedUncollapsedSpans = append(updatedUncollapsedSpans, spansFromRootToNode...)
 
-			_preOrderTraversal := traverseTrace(rootNode, updatedUncollapsedSpans, 0, true, false, selectedSpanID)
+			opts := traverseOpts{
+				uncollapsedSpans: updatedUncollapsedSpans,
+				selectedSpanID:   selectedSpanID,
+			}
+			_preOrderTraversal := traverseTrace(rootNode, opts, 0, true, false)
 			_selectedSpanIndex := findIndexForSelectedSpanFromPreOrder(_preOrderTraversal, selectedSpanID)
 
 			if _selectedSpanIndex != -1 {

pkg/query-service/app/traces/tracedetail/waterfall_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+// Package tracedetail tests — waterfall
+//
+// # Background
+//
+// The waterfall view renders a trace as a scrollable list of spans in
+// pre-order (parent before children, siblings left-to-right). Because a trace
+// can have thousands of spans, only a window of ~500 is returned per request.
+// The window is centred on the selected span.
+//
+// # Key concepts
+//
+// uncollapsedSpans
+//
+//	The set of span IDs the user has manually expanded in the UI.
+//	Only the direct children of an uncollapsed span are included in the
+//	output; grandchildren stay hidden until their parent is also uncollapsed.
+//	When multiple spans are uncollapsed their children are all visible at once.
+//
+// selectedSpanID
+//
+//	The span currently focused — set when the user clicks a span in the
+//	waterfall or selects one from the flamegraph.  The output window is always
+//	centred on this span.  The path from the trace root down to the selected
+//	span is automatically uncollapsed so ancestors are visible even if they are
+//	not in uncollapsedSpans.
+//
+// isSelectedSpanIDUnCollapsed
+//
+//	Controls whether the selected span's own children are shown:
+//	  true  — user expanded the span (click-to-open in waterfall or flamegraph);
+//	          direct children of the selected span are included.
+//	  false — user selected without expanding;
+//	          the span is visible but its children remain hidden.
+//
+// traceRoots
+//
+//	Root spans of the trace — spans with no parent in the current dataset.
+//	Normally one, but multiple roots are common when upstream services are
+//	not instrumented or their spans were not sampled/exported.
+
+package tracedetail
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/query-service/model"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+// Pre-order traversal is preserved: parent before children, siblings left-to-right.
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_PreOrderTraversal(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("child1", "svc", mkSpan("grandchild", "svc")),
+		mkSpan("child2", "svc"),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{"root", "child1"}, "root", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "child1", "grandchild", "child2"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// Multiple roots: both trees are flattened into a single pre-order list with
+// root1's subtree before root2's. Service/entry-point come from the first root.
+//
+//	root1 svc-a          ← selected
+//	  └─ child1
+//	root2 svc-b
+//	  └─ child2
+//
+// Expected output order: root1 → child1 → root2 → child2
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_MultipleRoots(t *testing.T) {
+	root1 := mkSpan("root1", "svc-a", mkSpan("child1", "svc-a"))
+	root2 := mkSpan("root2", "svc-b", mkSpan("child2", "svc-b"))
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root1, root2)
+
+	spans, _, svcName, entryPoint := GetSelectedSpans([]string{"root1", "root2"}, "root1", []*model.Span{root1, root2}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root1", "child1", "root2", "child2"}, spanIDs(spans), "root1 subtree must precede root2 subtree")
+	assert.Equal(t, "svc-a", svcName, "metadata comes from first root")
+	assert.Equal(t, "root1-op", entryPoint, "metadata comes from first root")
+}
+
+// isSelectedSpanIDUnCollapsed=true opens only the selected span's direct children,
+// not deeper descendants.
+//
+//	root → selected (expanded)
+//	          ├─ child1 ✓
+//	          │    └─ grandchild ✗  (only one level opened)
+//	          └─ child2 ✓
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_ExpandedSelectedSpan(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("selected", "svc",
+			mkSpan("child1", "svc", mkSpan("grandchild", "svc")),
+			mkSpan("child2", "svc"),
+		),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{}, "selected", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, true)
+
+	// root and selected are on the auto-uncollapsed path; child1/child2 are direct
+	// children of the expanded selected span; grandchild stays hidden.
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "selected", "child1", "child2"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// Multiple spans uncollapsed simultaneously: children of all uncollapsed spans
+// are visible at once.
+//
+//	root
+//	  ├─ childA (uncollapsed) → grandchildA ✓
+//	  └─ childB (uncollapsed) → grandchildB ✓
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_MultipleUncollapsed(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("childA", "svc", mkSpan("grandchildA", "svc")),
+		mkSpan("childB", "svc", mkSpan("grandchildB", "svc")),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{"root", "childA", "childB"}, "root", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "childA", "grandchildA", "childB", "grandchildB"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// The selected span is always present in the output window.
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_SelectedSpanAlwaysInWindow(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("A", "svc",
+			mkSpan("B", "svc",
+				mkSpan("selected", "svc"),
+			),
+		),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{}, "selected", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "A", "B", "selected"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// Collapsing a span with other uncollapsed spans
+//
+// root
+// ├─ childA  (previously expanded — in uncollapsedSpans)
+// │    ├─ grandchild1 ✓
+// │    │    └─ greatGrandchild ✗  (grandchild1 not in uncollapsedSpans)
+// │    └─ grandchild2 ✓
+// └─ childB                        ← selected (not expanded)
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_ManualUncollapse(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("childA", "svc",
+			mkSpan("grandchild1", "svc", mkSpan("greatGrandchild", "svc")),
+			mkSpan("grandchild2", "svc"),
+		),
+		mkSpan("childB", "svc"),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	// childA was expanded in a previous interaction; childB is now selected without expanding
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{"childA"}, "childB", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	// path to childB auto-uncollpases root → childA and childB appear; childA is in
+	// uncollapsedSpans so its children appear; greatGrandchild stays hidden.
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "childA", "grandchild1", "grandchild2", "childB"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// A collapsed span hides all children.
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_CollapsedSpan(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("child1", "svc"),
+		mkSpan("child2", "svc"),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{}, "root", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// Selecting a span auto-uncollpases the path from root to that span so it is visible.
+//
+//	root → parent → selected
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_PathToSelectedIsUncollapsed(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("parent", "svc",
+			mkSpan("selected", "svc"),
+		),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	// no manually uncollapsed spans — path should still be opened
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{}, "selected", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "parent", "selected"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// The path-to-selected spans are returned in updatedUncollapsedSpans.
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_PathReturnedInUncollapsed(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("parent", "svc",
+			mkSpan("selected", "svc"),
+		),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, uncollapsed, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{}, "selected", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "parent"}, uncollapsed)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "parent", "selected"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// Siblings of ancestors are rendered as collapsed nodes but their subtrees
+// must NOT be expanded.
+//
+//	root
+//	  ├─ unrelated → unrelated-child (✗)
+//	  └─ parent → selected
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_SiblingsNotExpanded(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("unrelated", "svc", mkSpan("unrelated-child", "svc")),
+		mkSpan("parent", "svc",
+			mkSpan("selected", "svc"),
+		),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, uncollapsed, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{}, "selected", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	// children of root sort alphabetically: parent < unrelated; unrelated-child stays hidden
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "parent", "selected", "unrelated"}, spanIDs(spans))
+	// only the path nodes are tracked as uncollapsed — unrelated is not
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root", "parent"}, uncollapsed)
+}
+
+// An unknown selectedSpanID must not panic; returns a window from index 0.
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_UnknownSelectedSpan(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc", mkSpan("child", "svc"))
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{}, "nonexistent", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"root"}, spanIDs(spans))
+}
+
+// Test to check if Level, HasChildren, HasSiblings, and SubTreeNodeCount are populated correctly.
+//
+//	root          level=0, hasChildren=true,  hasSiblings=false, subTree=4
+//	  child1      level=1, hasChildren=true,  hasSiblings=true,  subTree=2
+//	    grandchild level=2, hasChildren=false, hasSiblings=false, subTree=1
+//	  child2      level=1, hasChildren=false, hasSiblings=false, subTree=1
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_SpanMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("child1", "svc", mkSpan("grandchild", "svc")),
+		mkSpan("child2", "svc"),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans([]string{"root", "child1"}, "root", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	byID := map[string]*model.Span{}
+	for _, s := range spans {
+		byID[s.SpanID] = s
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), byID["root"].Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1), byID["child1"].Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1), byID["child2"].Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(2), byID["grandchild"].Level)
+
+	assert.True(t, byID["root"].HasChildren)
+	assert.True(t, byID["child1"].HasChildren)
+	assert.False(t, byID["child2"].HasChildren)
+	assert.False(t, byID["grandchild"].HasChildren)
+
+	assert.False(t, byID["root"].HasSiblings, "root has no siblings")
+	assert.True(t, byID["child1"].HasSiblings, "child1 has sibling child2")
+	assert.False(t, byID["child2"].HasSiblings, "child2 is the last child")
+	assert.False(t, byID["grandchild"].HasSiblings, "grandchild has no siblings")
+
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(4), byID["root"].SubTreeNodeCount)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(2), byID["child1"].SubTreeNodeCount)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1), byID["grandchild"].SubTreeNodeCount)
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1), byID["child2"].SubTreeNodeCount)
+}
+
+// If the selected span is already in uncollapsedSpans AND isSelectedSpanIDUnCollapsed=true,
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_DuplicateInUncollapsed(t *testing.T) {
+	root := mkSpan("root", "svc",
+		mkSpan("selected", "svc", mkSpan("child", "svc")),
+	)
+	spanMap := buildSpanMap(root)
+	_, uncollapsed, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans(
+		[]string{"selected"}, // already present
+		"selected",
+		[]*model.Span{root}, spanMap,
+		true,
+	)
+
+	count := 0
+	for _, id := range uncollapsed {
+		if id == "selected" {
+			count++
+		}
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, count, "should appear once")
+}
+
+// makeChain builds a linear trace: span0 → span1 → … → span(n-1).
+// All span IDs are "span0", "span1", … so the caller can reference them by index.
+func makeChain(n int) (*model.Span, map[string]*model.Span, []string) {
+	spans := make([]*model.Span, n)
+	for i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if i == n-1 {
+			spans[i] = mkSpan(fmt.Sprintf("span%d", i), "svc")
+		} else {
+			spans[i] = mkSpan(fmt.Sprintf("span%d", i), "svc", spans[i+1])
+		}
+	}
+	uncollapsed := make([]string, n)
+	for i := range spans {
+		uncollapsed[i] = fmt.Sprintf("span%d", i)
+	}
+	return spans[0], buildSpanMap(spans[0]), uncollapsed
+}
+
+// The selected span is centred: 200 spans before it, 300 after (0.4 / 0.6 split).
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_WindowCentredOnSelected(t *testing.T) {
+	root, spanMap, uncollapsed := makeChain(600)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans(uncollapsed, "span300", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 500, len(spans), "window should be 500 spans")
+	// window is [100, 600): span300 lands at position 200 (300 - 100)
+	assert.Equal(t, "span100", spans[0].SpanID, "window starts 200 before selected")
+	assert.Equal(t, "span300", spans[200].SpanID, "selected span at position 200 in window")
+	assert.Equal(t, "span599", spans[499].SpanID, "window ends 300 after selected")
+}
+
+// When the selected span is near the start, the window shifts right so no
+// negative index is used — the result is still 500 spans.
+func TestGetSelectedSpans_WindowShiftsAtStart(t *testing.T) {
+	root, spanMap, uncollapsed := makeChain(600)
+	spans, _, _, _ := GetSelectedSpans(uncollapsed, "span10", []*model.Span{root}, spanMap, false)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 500, len(spans))
+	assert.Equal(t, "span0", spans[0].SpanID, "window clamped to start of trace")
+	assert.Equal(t, "span10", spans[10].SpanID, "selected span still in window")
+}
+
+func mkSpan(id, service string, children ...*model.Span) *model.Span {
+	return &model.Span{
+		SpanID:      id,
+		ServiceName: service,
+		Name:        id + "-op",
+		Children:    children,
+	}
+}
+
+// spanIDs returns SpanIDs in order.
+func spanIDs(spans []*model.Span) []string {
+	ids := make([]string, len(spans))
+	for i, s := range spans {
+		ids[i] = s.SpanID
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
+// buildSpanMap indexes every span in a set of trees by SpanID.
+func buildSpanMap(roots ...*model.Span) map[string]*model.Span {
+	m := map[string]*model.Span{}
+	var walk func(*model.Span)
+	walk = func(s *model.Span) {
+		m[s.SpanID] = s
+		for _, c := range s.Children {
+			walk(c)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, r := range roots {
+		walk(r)
+	}
+	return m
+}

pkg/query-service/rules/base_rule_test.go

@@ -698,7 +698,7 @@ func TestBaseRule_FilterNewSeries(t *testing.T) {
 				slog.Default(),
 				nil,
 				telemetryStore,
-				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), settings, prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore),
+				prometheustest.New(context.Background(), settings, prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore),
 				"",
 				time.Second,
 				nil,

pkg/query-service/rules/manager_test.go

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ func TestManager_TestNotification_SendUnmatched_PromRule(t *testing.T) {
 						WillReturnRows(samplesRows)
 
 					// Create Prometheus provider for this test
-					promProvider = prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, store)
+					promProvider = prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, store)
 				},
 				ManagerOptionsHook: func(opts *ManagerOptions) {
 					// Set Prometheus provider for PromQL queries

pkg/query-service/rules/managertestfactory.go

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func NewTestManager(t *testing.T, testOpts *TestManagerOptions) *Manager {
 
 	options := clickhouseReader.NewOptions("", "", "archiveNamespace")
 	providerSettings := instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings()
-	prometheus := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), providerSettings, prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore)
+	prometheus := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), providerSettings, prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore)
 	reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(
 		instrumentationtest.New().Logger(),
 		nil,

pkg/query-service/rules/prom_rule_test.go

@@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ func TestPromRuleUnitCombinations(t *testing.T) {
 			).
 			WillReturnRows(samplesRows)
 
-		promProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore)
+		promProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore)
 
 		postableRule.RuleCondition.CompareOp = ruletypes.CompareOp(c.compareOp)
 		postableRule.RuleCondition.MatchType = ruletypes.MatchType(c.matchType)
@@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ func _Enable_this_after_9146_issue_fix_is_merged_TestPromRuleNoData(t *testing.T
 			WithArgs("test_metric", "__name__", "test_metric").
 			WillReturnRows(fingerprintRows)
 
-		promProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore)
+		promProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore)
 
 		var target float64 = 0
 		postableRule.RuleCondition.Thresholds = &ruletypes.RuleThresholdData{
@@ -1281,7 +1281,7 @@ func TestMultipleThresholdPromRule(t *testing.T) {
 			).
 			WillReturnRows(samplesRows)
 
-		promProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore)
+		promProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore)
 
 		postableRule.RuleCondition.CompareOp = ruletypes.CompareOp(c.compareOp)
 		postableRule.RuleCondition.MatchType = ruletypes.MatchType(c.matchType)
@@ -1441,7 +1441,7 @@ func TestPromRule_NoData(t *testing.T) {
 			promProvider := prometheustest.New(
 				context.Background(),
 				instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(),
-				prometheus.Config{},
+				prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute},
 				telemetryStore,
 			)
 			defer func() {
@@ -1590,7 +1590,7 @@ func TestPromRule_NoData_AbsentFor(t *testing.T) {
 			promProvider := prometheustest.New(
 				context.Background(),
 				instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(),
-				prometheus.Config{},
+				prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute},
 				telemetryStore,
 			)
 			defer func() {
@@ -1748,7 +1748,7 @@ func TestPromRuleEval_RequireMinPoints(t *testing.T) {
 			promProvider := prometheustest.New(
 				context.Background(),
 				instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(),
-				prometheus.Config{LookbackDelta: lookBackDelta},
+				prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute, LookbackDelta: lookBackDelta},
 				telemetryStore,
 			)
 			defer func() {

pkg/query-service/rules/threshold_rule_test.go

@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ func TestThresholdRuleUnitCombinations(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, readerCache, options)
+		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, readerCache, options)
 		rule, err := NewThresholdRule("69", valuer.GenerateUUID(), &postableRule, reader, nil, logger)
 		rule.TemporalityMap = map[string]map[v3.Temporality]bool{
 			"signoz_calls_total": {
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@ func TestThresholdRuleNoData(t *testing.T) {
 		)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		options := clickhouseReader.NewOptions("", "", "archiveNamespace")
-		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, readerCache, options)
+		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, readerCache, options)
 
 		rule, err := NewThresholdRule("69", valuer.GenerateUUID(), &postableRule, reader, nil, logger)
 		rule.TemporalityMap = map[string]map[v3.Temporality]bool{
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ func TestThresholdRuleTracesLink(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		options := clickhouseReader.NewOptions("", "", "archiveNamespace")
-		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, nil, options)
+		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, nil, options)
 
 		rule, err := NewThresholdRule("69", valuer.GenerateUUID(), &postableRule, reader, nil, logger)
 		rule.TemporalityMap = map[string]map[v3.Temporality]bool{
@@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ func TestThresholdRuleLogsLink(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		options := clickhouseReader.NewOptions("", "", "archiveNamespace")
-		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, nil, options)
+		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore), "", time.Duration(time.Second), nil, nil, options)
 
 		rule, err := NewThresholdRule("69", valuer.GenerateUUID(), &postableRule, reader, nil, logger)
 		rule.TemporalityMap = map[string]map[v3.Temporality]bool{
@@ -1418,7 +1418,7 @@ func TestMultipleThresholdRule(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore), "", time.Second, nil, readerCache, options)
+		reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore), "", time.Second, nil, readerCache, options)
 		rule, err := NewThresholdRule("69", valuer.GenerateUUID(), &postableRule, reader, nil, logger)
 		rule.TemporalityMap = map[string]map[v3.Temporality]bool{
 			"signoz_calls_total": {
@@ -2220,7 +2220,7 @@ func TestThresholdEval_RequireMinPoints(t *testing.T) {
 			)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			prometheusProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{}, telemetryStore)
+			prometheusProvider := prometheustest.New(context.Background(), instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), prometheus.Config{Timeout: 2 * time.Minute}, telemetryStore)
 			reader := clickhouseReader.NewReader(slog.Default(), nil, telemetryStore, prometheusProvider, "", time.Second, nil, readerCache, options)
 
 			rule, err := NewThresholdRule("some-id", valuer.GenerateUUID(), &postableRule, reader, nil, logger)