feat: resolve semantic convention names in trace queries

A referenced name now resolves to logical fields (LogicalField, #12499).
A slice shows ambiguity: each logical field gets its own condition. A
group shows a semantic-convention family: one field with more than one
spelling. Compilers merge a family with current-wins precedence, and
the response keeps the spelling that the request used.

- FieldMapper gets one new method: ExistsFor, the per-key existence
  primitive. Each mapper already had this knowledge; two rename a
  private method and five expose logic from their condition builders.
- LogicalValueExpr and LogicalExistsExpr build all family SQL in one
  place, only from FieldFor and ExistsFor. No signal implements family
  logic.
- Statement builders prefetch sibling spellings with
  ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies. The metadata store stays family-blind,
  and autocomplete stays literal.
- The traces and resource-filter condition builders compile per logical
  field. The traces group-by path upgrades legacy candidates to their
  family in a post-pass; the legacy candidate flow does not change.
- Logs, metrics, audit, metadata, and rule-state-history flatten to
  single keys; their SQL does not change.

The resolve_semconv_families feature flag (default: disabled) gates all
family behavior. The components that resolve names hold the flagger and
evaluate the flag at the point of use, with the org from the call, the
same way the logs mapper uses use_json_body. A nil flagger means off,
so resolution stays literal on any path without one. With the flag off,
the generated SQL is the same as main, and tests pin this. The legacy
compatibility-key map stays in place for the same reason.

Assisted-by: Claude Fable 5

pkg/flagger/registry.go

@@ -3,16 +3,17 @@ package flagger
 import "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/featuretypes"
 
 var (
-	FeatureUseSpanMetrics         = featuretypes.MustNewName("use_span_metrics")
-	FeatureKafkaSpanEval          = featuretypes.MustNewName("kafka_span_eval")
-	FeatureHideRootUser           = featuretypes.MustNewName("hide_root_user")
-	FeatureGetMetersFromZeus      = featuretypes.MustNewName("get_meters_from_zeus")
-	FeaturePutMetersInZeus        = featuretypes.MustNewName("put_meters_in_zeus")
-	FeatureUseMeterReporter       = featuretypes.MustNewName("use_meter_reporter")
-	FeatureUseJSONBody            = featuretypes.MustNewName("use_json_body")
-	FeatureEnableAIObservability  = featuretypes.MustNewName("enable_ai_observability")
-	FeatureEnableMetricsReduction = featuretypes.MustNewName("enable_metrics_reduction")
+	FeatureUseSpanMetrics            = featuretypes.MustNewName("use_span_metrics")
+	FeatureKafkaSpanEval             = featuretypes.MustNewName("kafka_span_eval")
+	FeatureHideRootUser              = featuretypes.MustNewName("hide_root_user")
+	FeatureGetMetersFromZeus         = featuretypes.MustNewName("get_meters_from_zeus")
+	FeaturePutMetersInZeus           = featuretypes.MustNewName("put_meters_in_zeus")
+	FeatureUseMeterReporter          = featuretypes.MustNewName("use_meter_reporter")
+	FeatureUseJSONBody               = featuretypes.MustNewName("use_json_body")
+	FeatureEnableAIObservability     = featuretypes.MustNewName("enable_ai_observability")
+	FeatureEnableMetricsReduction    = featuretypes.MustNewName("enable_metrics_reduction")
 	FeatureUsePrometheusClickhouseV2 = featuretypes.MustNewName("use_prometheus_clickhouse_v2")
+	FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies    = featuretypes.MustNewName("resolve_semconv_families")
 )
 
 func MustNewRegistry() featuretypes.Registry {
@@ -97,6 +98,14 @@ func MustNewRegistry() featuretypes.Registry {
 			DefaultVariant: featuretypes.MustNewName("disabled"),
 			Variants:       featuretypes.NewBooleanVariants(),
 		},
+		&featuretypes.Feature{
+			Name:           FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies,
+			Kind:           featuretypes.KindBoolean,
+			Stage:          featuretypes.StageExperimental,
+			Description:    "Controls whether trace queries resolve a semantic-convention name to all the spellings of its family",
+			DefaultVariant: featuretypes.MustNewName("disabled"),
+			Variants:       featuretypes.NewBooleanVariants(),
+		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)

pkg/modules/rulestatehistory/implrulestatehistory/condition_builder.go

@@ -40,7 +40,10 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
-	keys, warning := querybuilder.ResolveKeys(key, querybuilder.MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys))
+	// Rule state history fields have no family support, so every logical field
+	// is single-member and flattens losslessly to its physical key.
+	resolved, warning := querybuilder.ResolveLogicalFields(key, querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, nil, key, fieldKeys))
+	keys := querybuilder.SingleKeys(resolved)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)

pkg/modules/rulestatehistory/implrulestatehistory/field_mapper.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	schema "github.com/SigNoz/signoz-otel-collector/cmd/signozschemamigrator/schema_migrator"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/querybuilder"
 	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) FieldFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, _, _ uint64,
 		return "", err
 	}
 	if col.Name == "labels" && key.Name != "labels" {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("JSONExtractString(labels, '%s')", strings.ReplaceAll(key.Name, "'", "\\'")), nil
+		return fmt.Sprintf("JSONExtractString(labels, %s)", querybuilder.ClickHouseStringLiteral(key.Name)), nil
 	}
 	return col.Name, nil
 }
@@ -64,6 +65,23 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, _, _ uint64,
 	return []*schema.Column{col}, nil
 }
 
+// ExistsFor implements the per-key existence primitive of qbtypes.FieldMapper.
+// Real columns always exist; labels are checked for key membership.
+func (m *fieldMapper) ExistsFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, _, _ uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, exists bool) (string, error) {
+	col, err := m.getColumn(ctx, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if col.Name != "labels" || key.Name == "labels" {
+		return "true", nil
+	}
+	pred := fmt.Sprintf("has(JSONExtractKeys(labels), %s)", querybuilder.ClickHouseStringLiteral(key.Name))
+	if exists {
+		return pred, nil
+	}
+	return "not " + pred, nil
+}
+
 func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, tsStart, tsEnd uint64, field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, _ telemetrytypes.FieldDataType, _ map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) (string, error) {
 	colName, err := m.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, field)
 	if err != nil {

pkg/querybuilder/clickhouse_quote.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package querybuilder
+
+import "strings"
+
+// ClickHouseStringLiteral quotes a value for a ClickHouse string literal.
+func ClickHouseStringLiteral(value string) string {
+	escaped := strings.ReplaceAll(value, `\`, `\\`)
+	escaped = strings.ReplaceAll(escaped, `'`, `\'`)
+	return "'" + escaped + "'"
+}
+
+// ClickHouseIdentifier quotes a value for a ClickHouse identifier.
+func ClickHouseIdentifier(value string) string {
+	escaped := strings.ReplaceAll(value, `\`, `\\`)
+	escaped = strings.ReplaceAll(escaped, "`", "\\`")
+	return "`" + escaped + "`"
+}

pkg/querybuilder/clickhouse_quote_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package querybuilder
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestClickHouseQuoting(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("string literal", func(t *testing.T) {
+		assert.Equal(t, `'name\'\\); SELECT 1 --'`, ClickHouseStringLiteral(`name'\); SELECT 1 --`))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("identifier", func(t *testing.T) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "`name\\`\\\\); SELECT 1 --`", ClickHouseIdentifier("name`\\); SELECT 1 --"))
+	})
+}

pkg/querybuilder/family_selectors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package querybuilder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/semconv"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/featuretypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+)
+
+// semconvFamiliesEnabled evaluates the resolve_semconv_families flag for the
+// org. A nil flagger means off, so a caller without family support stays
+// literal by default.
+func semconvFamiliesEnabled(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, fl flagger.Flagger) bool {
+	if fl == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return fl.BooleanOrEmpty(ctx, flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies, featuretypes.NewFlaggerEvaluationContext(orgID))
+}
+
+// ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies adds selectors for the other members of each
+// semantic-convention family that a selector names. The metadata fetched for
+// a query then contains each spelling that MatchingLogicalFields can group.
+// This function is the prefetch of the resolution layer: statement builders
+// call it after they derive the selectors, and the metadata store stays
+// family-blind (autocomplete responses keep the literal spelling that the
+// user typed). It does nothing when the resolve_semconv_families flag is off
+// for the org. Only trace selectors expand today, because that matches the
+// family support. Fuzzy (search-style) selectors never expand.
+func ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, fl flagger.Flagger, selectors []*telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector) []*telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector {
+	if !semconvFamiliesEnabled(ctx, orgID, fl) {
+		return selectors
+	}
+
+	out := selectors
+	seen := make(map[string]bool, len(selectors))
+	for _, selector := range selectors {
+		seen[selector.Name] = true
+	}
+
+	for _, selector := range selectors {
+		if selector.Signal != telemetrytypes.SignalTraces ||
+			selector.SelectorMatchType == telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeFuzzy {
+			continue
+		}
+		members := semconv.Members(semconv.KindAttribute, telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector{
+			Name:         selector.Name,
+			Signal:       selector.Signal,
+			FieldContext: selector.FieldContext,
+		})
+		for _, member := range members {
+			if seen[member] {
+				continue
+			}
+			seen[member] = true
+			expanded := *selector
+			expanded.Name = member
+			out = append(out, &expanded)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}

pkg/querybuilder/key_resolution.go

@@ -21,24 +21,25 @@ const (
 	hasTokenFunctionDocURL       = "https://signoz.io/docs/userguide/functions-reference/#hastoken-function"
 )
 
-// ResolveKeys picks which matching field keys a filter term builds conditions for.
-// With 0 or 1 match it returns the input unchanged and no warning. When a name is
-// ambiguous it returns a warning; a resource+attribute mix defaults to the resource
-// keys (the common intent), noted in the warning.
-func ResolveKeys(field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, fieldKeysForName []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) ([]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, string) {
-	if len(fieldKeysForName) <= 1 {
-		return fieldKeysForName, ""
+// ResolveLogicalFields picks which logical fields a filter term builds conditions
+// for. With 0 or 1 field it returns the input unchanged and no warning. When a
+// name is ambiguous (several logical fields — a family is one field and never
+// ambiguous with itself) it returns a warning; a resource+attribute mix defaults
+// to the resource fields (the common intent), noted in the warning.
+func ResolveLogicalFields(field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, logicalFields []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField) ([]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, string) {
+	if len(logicalFields) <= 1 {
+		return logicalFields, ""
 	}
 
 	warning := fmt.Sprintf(
 		"Key `%s` is ambiguous, found %d different combinations of field context / data type: %v.",
 		field.Name,
-		len(fieldKeysForName),
-		fieldKeysForName,
+		len(logicalFields),
+		logicalFields,
 	)
 
 	hasResource, hasAttribute := false, false
-	for _, item := range fieldKeysForName {
+	for _, item := range logicalFields {
 		switch item.FieldContext {
 		case telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource:
 			hasResource = true
@@ -49,18 +50,40 @@ func ResolveKeys(field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, fieldKeysForName []*te
 
 	// when there is both resource and attribute context, default to resource only
 	if hasResource && hasAttribute {
-		filteredKeys := make([]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, 0, len(fieldKeysForName))
-		for _, item := range fieldKeysForName {
+		filtered := make([]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, 0, len(logicalFields))
+		for _, item := range logicalFields {
 			if item.FieldContext == telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource {
-				filteredKeys = append(filteredKeys, item)
+				filtered = append(filtered, item)
 			}
 		}
-		fieldKeysForName = filteredKeys
+		logicalFields = filtered
 		warning += " " + "Using `resource` context by default. To query attributes explicitly, " +
 			fmt.Sprintf("use the fully qualified name (e.g., 'attribute.%s')", field.Name)
 	}
 
-	return fieldKeysForName, warning
+	return logicalFields, warning
+}
+
+// WrapAsLogicalFields wraps physical keys (candidate or synthesized) as
+// single-member logical fields addressed by the requested spelling.
+func WrapAsLogicalFields(requestedName string, keys []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField {
+	fields := make([]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, 0, len(keys))
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		fields = append(fields, telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField(requestedName, key))
+	}
+	return fields
+}
+
+// SingleKeys flattens logical fields to their single members. It is the
+// adapter for signals whose fields are single-member by construction (every
+// signal without family support); their condition builders keep compiling per
+// physical key.
+func SingleKeys(fields []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField) []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey {
+	keys := make([]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, 0, len(fields))
+	for _, field := range fields {
+		keys = append(keys, field.Single())
+	}
+	return keys
 }
 
 // NewKeyNotFoundError builds the error a condition builder returns when a filter term

pkg/querybuilder/logical_expr.go

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+package querybuilder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+)
+
+// The two functions below are the only place family expressions are built.
+// They compose exclusively from the mapper's per-key primitives (FieldFor,
+// ExistsFor), so every member honors its own storage: materialized columns,
+// evolutions, and JSON plans ride the member keys, and a signal supports
+// families the moment its primitives are correct.
+
+// LogicalValueExpr returns the value expression for a resolved logical field:
+// the member's own expression for a single-member field, and a current-first
+// merge across the members' expressions for a family.
+func LogicalValueExpr(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	orgID valuer.UUID,
+	tsStart, tsEnd uint64,
+	fm qbtypes.FieldMapper,
+	logical *telemetrytypes.LogicalField,
+) (string, error) {
+	if !logical.IsFamily() {
+		return fm.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, logical.Single())
+	}
+
+	memberExprs := make([]string, 0, len(logical.Members))
+	for _, member := range logical.Members {
+		expr, err := fm.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, member)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		memberExprs = append(memberExprs, expr)
+	}
+
+	if logical.FieldDataType == telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString {
+		// The trailing '' keeps single-key semantics for rows without any
+		// member: string maps read '' for an absent key, and negative
+		// operators must keep including such rows (see AddDefaultExistsFilter).
+		values := make([]string, 0, len(memberExprs))
+		for _, expr := range memberExprs {
+			values = append(values, fmt.Sprintf("NULLIF(%s, '')", expr))
+		}
+		return "COALESCE(" + strings.Join(values, ", ") + ", '')", nil
+	}
+
+	// Numeric and boolean maps return zero for an absent key. If a family of
+	// either type is enabled, this tail must become zero too.
+	branches := make([]string, 0, len(logical.Members)*2)
+	for i, member := range logical.Members {
+		guard, err := fm.ExistsFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, member, true)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		branches = append(branches, guard, memberExprs[i])
+	}
+	return "multiIf(" + strings.Join(branches, ", ") + ", NULL)", nil
+}
+
+// LogicalExistsExpr returns the existence predicate for a resolved logical
+// field: the member's own predicate for a single-member field, presence of
+// any member for a family.
+func LogicalExistsExpr(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	orgID valuer.UUID,
+	tsStart, tsEnd uint64,
+	fm qbtypes.FieldMapper,
+	logical *telemetrytypes.LogicalField,
+	exists bool,
+) (string, error) {
+	if !logical.IsFamily() {
+		return fm.ExistsFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, logical.Single(), exists)
+	}
+
+	guards := make([]string, 0, len(logical.Members))
+	for _, member := range logical.Members {
+		guard, err := fm.ExistsFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, member, true)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		guards = append(guards, guard)
+	}
+	combined := "(" + strings.Join(guards, " OR ") + ")"
+	if exists {
+		return combined, nil
+	}
+	return "NOT " + combined, nil
+}

pkg/querybuilder/logical_expr_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+package querybuilder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	schema "github.com/SigNoz/signoz-otel-collector/cmd/signozschemamigrator/schema_migrator"
+	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// stubFieldMapper provides just the two per-key primitives the shared
+// composition builds on; the remaining FieldMapper methods are unused here.
+type stubFieldMapper struct{}
+
+func (stubFieldMapper) FieldFor(_ context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, _, _ uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) (string, error) {
+	return "value(" + key.Name + ")", nil
+}
+
+func (stubFieldMapper) ExistsFor(_ context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, _, _ uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, exists bool) (string, error) {
+	if exists {
+		return "has(" + key.Name + ")", nil
+	}
+	return "NOT has(" + key.Name + ")", nil
+}
+
+func (stubFieldMapper) ColumnFor(context.Context, valuer.UUID, uint64, uint64, *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) ([]*schema.Column, error) {
+	return nil, qbtypes.ErrColumnNotFound
+}
+
+func (stubFieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(context.Context, valuer.UUID, uint64, uint64, *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, telemetrytypes.FieldDataType, map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) (string, error) {
+	return "", qbtypes.ErrColumnNotFound
+}
+
+func (stubFieldMapper) CandidateKeys(context.Context, valuer.UUID, *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, any, map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func stringFamily(names ...string) *telemetrytypes.LogicalField {
+	members := make([]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, 0, len(names))
+	for _, name := range names {
+		members = append(members, &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: name, FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString})
+	}
+	return &telemetrytypes.LogicalField{Name: names[0], FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString, Members: members}
+}
+
+func TestLogicalValueExprSingleMemberDelegatesToFieldFor(t *testing.T) {
+	logical := telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField("a", &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "a"})
+	expr, err := LogicalValueExpr(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0, stubFieldMapper{}, logical)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "value(a)", expr)
+}
+
+func TestLogicalValueExprStringFamilyMergesCurrentFirst(t *testing.T) {
+	expr, err := LogicalValueExpr(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0, stubFieldMapper{}, stringFamily("current", "old"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	// The trailing '' preserves keyless-row semantics for negative operators.
+	assert.Equal(t, "COALESCE(NULLIF(value(current), ''), NULLIF(value(old), ''), '')", expr)
+}
+
+func TestLogicalValueExprNumericFamilyGuardsEveryMember(t *testing.T) {
+	logical := &telemetrytypes.LogicalField{
+		Name:          "current",
+		FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeNumber,
+		Members: []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+			{Name: "current", FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeNumber},
+			{Name: "old", FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeNumber},
+		},
+	}
+	expr, err := LogicalValueExpr(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0, stubFieldMapper{}, logical)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "multiIf(has(current), value(current), has(old), value(old), NULL)", expr)
+}
+
+func TestLogicalExistsExprSingleMemberDelegatesToExistsFor(t *testing.T) {
+	logical := telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField("a", &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "a"})
+	expr, err := LogicalExistsExpr(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0, stubFieldMapper{}, logical, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "NOT has(a)", expr)
+}
+
+func TestLogicalExistsExprFamilyIsAnyMemberPresence(t *testing.T) {
+	family := stringFamily("current", "old")
+
+	expr, err := LogicalExistsExpr(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0, stubFieldMapper{}, family, true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "(has(current) OR has(old))", expr)
+
+	expr, err = LogicalExistsExpr(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0, stubFieldMapper{}, family, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "NOT (has(current) OR has(old))", expr)
+}

pkg/querybuilder/logical_fields_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+package querybuilder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// familiesOn returns a flagger with resolve_semconv_families on.
+func familiesOn(t *testing.T) flagger.Flagger {
+	return flaggertest.WithBooleanFlags(t, map[string]bool{
+		flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies.String(): true,
+	})
+}
+
+func memberNames(logical *telemetrytypes.LogicalField) []string {
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(logical.Members))
+	for _, member := range logical.Members {
+		names = append(names, member.Name)
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+// The deployment.environment(.name) family (enabled in pkg/semconv) drives the
+// grouping tests below.
+
+// With the resolve_semconv_families flag off, matches stay single-member and
+// selectors stay literal, even when the metadata map has both spellings.
+func TestFamiliesOffByDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	fields := MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, flaggertest.New(t), &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"}, fieldKeys)
+	require.Len(t, fields, 1)
+	assert.False(t, fields[0].IsFamily())
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"deployment.environment.name"}, memberNames(fields[0]))
+
+	selectors := []*telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector{
+		{Name: "deployment.environment.name", Signal: telemetrytypes.SignalTraces, SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact},
+	}
+	assert.Len(t, ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, flaggertest.New(t), selectors), 1)
+}
+
+func TestMatchingLogicalFieldsGroupsFamilyMembers(t *testing.T) {
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	for _, requested := range []string{"deployment.environment.name", "deployment.environment"} {
+		fields := MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: requested}, fieldKeys)
+		require.Len(t, fields, 1, "a family is one logical field, requested via %s", requested)
+		logical := fields[0]
+		assert.Equal(t, requested, logical.Name, "response identity is the requested spelling")
+		assert.Equal(t, telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource, logical.FieldContext)
+		assert.True(t, logical.IsFamily())
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"deployment.environment.name", "deployment.environment"}, memberNames(logical),
+			"members are current-first regardless of the requested spelling")
+	}
+}
+
+// Member precedence is the family's current-first order, not lookup arrival
+// order: a current-name key found only under its context-prefixed spelling
+// arrives in the second lookup pass yet must still sort first.
+func TestMatchingLogicalFieldsOrdersMembersByFamilyRank(t *testing.T) {
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+		"resource.deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "resource.deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	fields := MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		Name:         "deployment.environment.name",
+		FieldContext: telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+	}, fieldKeys)
+
+	require.Len(t, fields, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"resource.deployment.environment.name", "deployment.environment"}, memberNames(fields[0]))
+}
+
+// Non-trace signals have no family support: the requested spelling stays
+// literal, and a family member name never pulls in its siblings.
+func TestMatchingLogicalFieldsKeepsLogsLiteral(t *testing.T) {
+	logsKey := func(name string) *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey {
+		return &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+			Name:          name,
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalLogs,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}
+	}
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {logsKey("deployment.environment.name")},
+		"deployment.environment":      {logsKey("deployment.environment")},
+	}
+
+	fields := MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"}, fieldKeys)
+	require.Len(t, fields, 1)
+	assert.False(t, fields[0].IsFamily())
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"deployment.environment.name"}, memberNames(fields[0]))
+}
+
+// A family and a genuine same-name collision stack cleanly: the family stays
+// one logical field, the collision adds another, and resource preference keeps
+// the family as a unit.
+func TestResolveLogicalFieldsKeepsFamilyThroughAmbiguity(t *testing.T) {
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {
+			{
+				Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+				Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+				FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+				FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			},
+			{
+				Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+				Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+				FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextAttribute,
+				FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			},
+		},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	requested := &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"}
+	fields := MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), requested, fieldKeys)
+	require.Len(t, fields, 2, "resource family + attribute collision")
+
+	resolved, warning := ResolveLogicalFields(requested, fields)
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, warning)
+	require.Len(t, resolved, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource, resolved[0].FieldContext)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"deployment.environment.name", "deployment.environment"}, memberNames(resolved[0]))
+}
+
+// Members of a family with different data types never merge: the identity
+// (signal, context, data type) separates them into distinct logical fields.
+func TestMatchingLogicalFieldsNeverMergesAcrossDataTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeNumber,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	fields := MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), &telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"}, fieldKeys)
+	require.Len(t, fields, 2)
+	for _, logical := range fields {
+		assert.False(t, logical.IsFamily())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(t *testing.T) {
+	selectors := []*telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector{
+		{Name: "deployment.environment.name", Signal: telemetrytypes.SignalTraces, SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact},
+		{Name: "service.name", Signal: telemetrytypes.SignalTraces, SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact},
+		{Name: "deployment.environment.name", Signal: telemetrytypes.SignalLogs, SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact},
+	}
+
+	expanded := ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), selectors)
+
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(expanded))
+	for _, selector := range expanded {
+		names = append(names, selector.Name)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{
+		"deployment.environment.name",
+		"service.name",
+		"deployment.environment.name",
+		"deployment.environment",
+	}, names, "one sibling selector for the trace family member; logs and non-family names untouched")
+
+	sibling := expanded[len(expanded)-1]
+	assert.Equal(t, telemetrytypes.SignalTraces, sibling.Signal)
+	assert.Equal(t, telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact, sibling.SelectorMatchType)
+}
+
+func TestExpandKeySelectorsForFamiliesDeduplicatesAndSkipsFuzzy(t *testing.T) {
+	both := []*telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector{
+		{Name: "deployment.environment.name", Signal: telemetrytypes.SignalTraces, SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact},
+		{Name: "deployment.environment", Signal: telemetrytypes.SignalTraces, SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact},
+	}
+	assert.Len(t, ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), both), 2, "both spellings already referenced")
+
+	fuzzy := []*telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector{
+		{Name: "deployment.environment.name", Signal: telemetrytypes.SignalTraces, SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeFuzzy},
+	}
+	assert.Len(t, ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, familiesOn(t), fuzzy), 1, "fuzzy (search-style) selectors never expand")
+}

pkg/querybuilder/where_clause_visitor.go

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
 	grammar "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/parser/filterquery/grammar"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/semconv"
 	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ const stringMatchingOperatorDocURL = "https://signoz.io/docs/userguide/operators
 type filterExpressionVisitor struct {
 	context            context.Context
 	orgID              valuer.UUID
+	fl                 flagger.Flagger
 	fieldMapper        qbtypes.FieldMapper
 	conditionBuilder   qbtypes.ConditionBuilder
 	warnings           []string
@@ -48,8 +51,11 @@ type filterExpressionVisitor struct {
 }
 
 type FilterExprVisitorOpts struct {
-	Context            context.Context
-	OrgID              valuer.UUID
+	Context context.Context
+	OrgID   valuer.UUID
+	// Flagger evaluates the resolve_semconv_families flag during resolution.
+	// A nil Flagger keeps resolution literal.
+	Flagger            flagger.Flagger
 	Logger             *slog.Logger
 	FieldMapper        qbtypes.FieldMapper
 	ConditionBuilder   qbtypes.ConditionBuilder
@@ -68,6 +74,7 @@ func newFilterExpressionVisitor(opts FilterExprVisitorOpts) *filterExpressionVis
 	return &filterExpressionVisitor{
 		context:            opts.Context,
 		orgID:              opts.OrgID,
+		fl:                 opts.Flagger,
 		fieldMapper:        opts.FieldMapper,
 		conditionBuilder:   opts.ConditionBuilder,
 		fieldKeys:          opts.FieldKeys,
@@ -360,7 +367,7 @@ func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) VisitPrimary(ctx *grammar.PrimaryContext) any
 				return ErrorConditionLiteral
 			}
 		}
-		conds, ok := v.buildConditions(v.fullTextColumn, []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{v.fullTextColumn}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorRegexp, FormatFullTextSearch(searchText))
+		conds, ok := v.buildConditions(v.fullTextColumn, []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField{telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField(v.fullTextColumn.Name, v.fullTextColumn)}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorRegexp, FormatFullTextSearch(searchText))
 		if !ok {
 			return ErrorConditionLiteral
 		}
@@ -379,7 +386,7 @@ func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) VisitPrimary(ctx *grammar.PrimaryContext) any
 // VisitComparison handles all comparison operators.
 func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) VisitComparison(ctx *grammar.ComparisonContext) any {
 	key := v.Visit(ctx.Key()).(*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey)
-	matching := MatchingFieldKeys(key, v.fieldKeys)
+	matching := MatchingLogicalFields(v.context, v.orgID, v.fl, key, v.fieldKeys)
 
 	// Handle EXISTS specially
 	if ctx.EXISTS() != nil {
@@ -675,7 +682,7 @@ func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) VisitFullText(ctx *grammar.FullTextContext) an
 		v.errors = append(v.errors, "full text search is not supported")
 		return ErrorConditionLiteral
 	}
-	conds, ok := v.buildConditions(v.fullTextColumn, []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{v.fullTextColumn}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorRegexp, FormatFullTextSearch(text))
+	conds, ok := v.buildConditions(v.fullTextColumn, []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField{telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField(v.fullTextColumn.Name, v.fullTextColumn)}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorRegexp, FormatFullTextSearch(text))
 	if !ok {
 		return ErrorConditionLiteral
 	}
@@ -730,7 +737,7 @@ func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) VisitFunctionCall(ctx *grammar.FunctionCallCon
 		return ErrorConditionLiteral
 	}
 
-	conds, ok := v.buildConditions(key, MatchingFieldKeys(key, v.fieldKeys), operator, value)
+	conds, ok := v.buildConditions(key, MatchingLogicalFields(v.context, v.orgID, v.fl, key, v.fieldKeys), operator, value)
 	if !ok {
 		return ErrorConditionLiteral
 	}
@@ -922,7 +929,7 @@ func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) VisitKey(ctx *grammar.KeyContext) any {
 
 // buildConditions invokes the condition builder for a filter term, folding its
 // warnings/errors into visitor state; returns false if an error was recorded.
-func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) buildConditions(key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, matching []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, op qbtypes.FilterOperator, value any) ([]string, bool) {
+func (v *filterExpressionVisitor) buildConditions(key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, matching []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, op qbtypes.FilterOperator, value any) ([]string, bool) {
 	conds, warns, err := v.conditionBuilder.ConditionFor(v.context, v.orgID, v.startNs, v.endNs, key, v.fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{SkipResourceFilter: v.skipResourceFilter}, op, value, v.builder)
 	if err != nil {
 		_, _, _, _, errURL, _ := errors.Unwrapb(err)
@@ -979,30 +986,161 @@ func assignIfEmpty(s *string, value string) {
 	}
 }
 
-// MatchingFieldKeys returns the field keys from the map that match the given key,
-// honoring any context/data type the user specified.
-func MatchingFieldKeys(field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, fieldKeys map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey {
-	fieldKeysForName := []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{}
-
-	// match by name; keep items whose context and data type match (unspecified matches any)
-	for _, item := range fieldKeys[field.Name] {
-		if (field.FieldContext == telemetrytypes.FieldContextUnspecified || field.FieldContext == item.FieldContext) &&
-			(field.FieldDataType == telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeUnspecified || field.FieldDataType == item.FieldDataType) {
-			fieldKeysForName = append(fieldKeysForName, item)
-		}
+// familyMemberNames returns the physical spellings to look up for the
+// referenced key: the semantic-convention family members (current-first) when
+// the resolve_semconv_families flag is on for the org and the key can resolve
+// to traces, else just the requested name. Only trace field mappers understand
+// families today; logs and metrics keep the requested spelling until theirs
+// land.
+func familyMemberNames(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, fl flagger.Flagger, field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []string {
+	if !semconvFamiliesEnabled(ctx, orgID, fl) {
+		return []string{field.Name}
 	}
-
-	// A context may have been split off a name that legitimately contained it (e.g.
-	// `attribute.key`); also look up the context-prefixed name so both readings resolve.
-	if field.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextUnspecified {
-		contextPrefixedFieldName := fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", field.FieldContext.StringValue(), field.Name)
-		for _, item := range fieldKeys[contextPrefixedFieldName] {
-			// Context already matched via the lookup key; only data type needs checking.
-			if field.FieldDataType == telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeUnspecified || item.FieldDataType == field.FieldDataType {
-				fieldKeysForName = append(fieldKeysForName, item)
-			}
-		}
+	if field.Signal != telemetrytypes.SignalUnspecified && field.Signal != telemetrytypes.SignalTraces {
+		return []string{field.Name}
 	}
-
-	return fieldKeysForName
+	return semconv.Members(semconv.KindAttribute, telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector{
+		Name:         field.Name,
+		Signal:       telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+		FieldContext: field.FieldContext,
+	})
+}
+
+// MatchingLogicalFields resolves the referenced key against the metadata map
+// into logical fields, honoring any context/data type the user specified.
+//
+// Physical keys that are members of one semantic-convention family (traces
+// only today) group into one logical field per (signal, context, data type)
+// identity, members ordered current-first. Every other matching key becomes
+// its own single-member logical field. Ambiguity is the length of the
+// returned slice: one family is one element and is never ambiguous with
+// itself, but the slice can hold several logical fields — including several
+// family fields, one per identity, when the family exists under more than
+// one context or data type. Members alias the metadata map entries; nothing
+// is copied or mutated.
+//
+// Family grouping only happens when the resolve_semconv_families flag is on
+// for the org. A nil flagger means off: every match then stays a
+// single-member logical field.
+func MatchingLogicalFields(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, fl flagger.Flagger, field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, fieldKeys map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField {
+	members := familyMemberNames(ctx, orgID, fl, field)
+	matches := collectMemberMatches(field, members, fieldKeys)
+	return groupIntoLogicalFields(field.Name, len(members) > 1, matches)
+}
+
+// memberMatch pairs a metadata entry with the family rank of the member name
+// it matched under. The stored name of a context-prefixed match differs from
+// the member name, so the rank must travel with the match.
+type memberMatch struct {
+	key  *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey
+	rank int
+}
+
+// matchesRequestedIdentity reports whether the entry fits the context and data
+// type that the request specified; unspecified matches any. A context-prefixed
+// lookup already matched the context through the lookup key itself.
+func matchesRequestedIdentity(field, item *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, contextMatched bool) bool {
+	if !contextMatched && field.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextUnspecified && field.FieldContext != item.FieldContext {
+		return false
+	}
+	if field.FieldDataType != telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeUnspecified && field.FieldDataType != item.FieldDataType {
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// inFamilyScope reports whether a match found under a sibling member name is
+// legitimate: the entry must be trace metadata, and the member must be in the
+// family of the requested name for the entry's context. A member lookup can
+// otherwise find a same-named field in a scope where the family does not
+// apply.
+func inFamilyScope(field, item *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, memberName string) bool {
+	if item.Signal != telemetrytypes.SignalTraces {
+		return false
+	}
+	return slices.Contains(semconv.Members(semconv.KindAttribute, telemetrytypes.FieldKeySelector{
+		Name:         field.Name,
+		Signal:       telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+		FieldContext: item.FieldContext,
+	}), memberName)
+}
+
+// collectMemberMatches finds the metadata entries for every member spelling:
+// first under the member names, then under their context-prefixed spellings
+// (a context can be a legitimate part of a stored name, e.g. `attribute.key`).
+func collectMemberMatches(field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, members []string, fieldKeys map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []memberMatch {
+	matches := make([]memberMatch, 0)
+	collect := func(lookupName string, rank int, memberName string, contextMatched bool) {
+		for _, item := range fieldKeys[lookupName] {
+			if !matchesRequestedIdentity(field, item, contextMatched) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if memberName != field.Name && !inFamilyScope(field, item, memberName) {
+				continue
+			}
+			matches = append(matches, memberMatch{key: item, rank: rank})
+		}
+	}
+
+	for rank, member := range members {
+		collect(member, rank, member, false)
+	}
+	if field.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextUnspecified {
+		for rank, member := range members {
+			collect(fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", field.FieldContext.StringValue(), member), rank, member, true)
+		}
+	}
+	return matches
+}
+
+// groupIntoLogicalFields turns matches into logical fields. Trace entries in
+// family mode group by their (signal, context, data type) identity; every
+// other entry becomes its own single-member field. Members sort by family
+// rank at the end: precedence is a property of the family, not of the order
+// in which the lookups found the members.
+func groupIntoLogicalFields(requestedName string, familyMode bool, matches []memberMatch) []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField {
+	fields := make([]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, 0, len(matches))
+	groups := make(map[string]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField)
+	ranks := make(map[*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey]int)
+
+	for _, match := range matches {
+		if !familyMode || match.key.Signal != telemetrytypes.SignalTraces {
+			fields = append(fields, telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField(requestedName, match.key))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		identity := match.key.Signal.StringValue() + ";" + match.key.FieldContext.StringValue() + ";" + match.key.FieldDataType.StringValue()
+		group, ok := groups[identity]
+		if !ok {
+			group = &telemetrytypes.LogicalField{
+				Name:          requestedName,
+				Signal:        match.key.Signal,
+				FieldContext:  match.key.FieldContext,
+				FieldDataType: match.key.FieldDataType,
+			}
+			groups[identity] = group
+			fields = append(fields, group)
+		}
+		if groupHasMemberNamed(group, match.key.Name) {
+			continue
+		}
+		ranks[match.key] = match.rank
+		group.Members = append(group.Members, match.key)
+	}
+
+	for _, logical := range fields {
+		slices.SortStableFunc(logical.Members, func(a, b *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) int {
+			return ranks[a] - ranks[b]
+		})
+	}
+	return fields
+}
+
+func groupHasMemberNamed(group *telemetrytypes.LogicalField, name string) bool {
+	for _, member := range group.Members {
+		if member.Name == name {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
 }

pkg/querybuilder/where_clause_visitor_test.go

@@ -588,9 +588,11 @@ func TestVisitKey(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// VisitKey only parses; the condition builder matches, resolves ambiguity
 			// and decides not-found handling. Replay that here against the generic
-			// builder behavior (error unless the key is ignored).
-			matching := MatchingFieldKeys(key, tt.fieldKeys)
-			keys, warning := ResolveKeys(key, matching)
+			// builder behavior (error unless the key is ignored). The test maps carry
+			// no signal, so every logical field is single-member and flattens losslessly.
+			matching := MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, nil, key, tt.fieldKeys)
+			resolved, warning := ResolveLogicalFields(key, matching)
+			keys := SingleKeys(resolved)
 
 			var gotErrors []string
 			var gotMainErrURL, gotMainWrnURL string
@@ -766,7 +768,8 @@ func (b *resourceConditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return nil, nil, nil
 	}
 
-	keys, warning := ResolveKeys(key, MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys))
+	resolved, warning := ResolveLogicalFields(key, MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, nil, key, fieldKeys))
+	keys := SingleKeys(resolved)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)
@@ -808,7 +811,8 @@ func (b *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return []string{fmt.Sprintf("%s_cond", key.Name)}, nil, nil
 	}
 
-	keys, warning := ResolveKeys(key, MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys))
+	resolved, warning := ResolveLogicalFields(key, MatchingLogicalFields(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, nil, key, fieldKeys))
+	keys := SingleKeys(resolved)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)

pkg/statementbuilder/resourcefilter/condition_builder.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/querybuilder"
 	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
@@ -14,12 +15,15 @@ import (
 
 type defaultConditionBuilder struct {
 	fm qbtypes.FieldMapper
+	// fl evaluates the resolve_semconv_families flag during resolution.
+	// A nil flagger keeps resolution literal.
+	fl flagger.Flagger
 }
 
 var _ qbtypes.ConditionBuilder = (*defaultConditionBuilder)(nil)
 
-func NewConditionBuilder(fm qbtypes.FieldMapper) *defaultConditionBuilder {
-	return &defaultConditionBuilder{fm: fm}
+func NewConditionBuilder(fm qbtypes.FieldMapper, fl flagger.Flagger) *defaultConditionBuilder {
+	return &defaultConditionBuilder{fm: fm, fl: fl}
 }
 
 func valueForIndexFilter(op qbtypes.FilterOperator, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, value any) any {
@@ -44,10 +48,74 @@ func keyIndexFilter(key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) any {
 	return fmt.Sprintf(`%%%s%%`, key.Name)
 }
 
+// The three helpers below take the members of one logical field. With a single
+// member they render exactly the pre-family shapes; a family widens key/value
+// index hints to any-member and presence to any-member (all-absent when negated).
+
+func keyIndexCondition(sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder, column string, members []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) string {
+	conditions := make([]string, 0, len(members))
+	for _, member := range members {
+		conditions = append(conditions, sb.Like(column, keyIndexFilter(member)))
+	}
+	if len(conditions) == 1 {
+		return conditions[0]
+	}
+	return sb.Or(conditions...)
+}
+
+func valueIndexCondition(
+	sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder,
+	column string,
+	members []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey,
+	op qbtypes.FilterOperator,
+	value any,
+	caseInsensitive bool,
+) string {
+	conditions := make([]string, 0, len(members))
+	for _, member := range members {
+		patterns := valueForIndexFilter(op, member, value)
+		switch values := patterns.(type) {
+		case []string:
+			for _, pattern := range values {
+				conditions = append(conditions, sb.Like(column, pattern))
+			}
+		default:
+			if caseInsensitive {
+				conditions = append(conditions, sb.ILike(column, values))
+			} else {
+				conditions = append(conditions, sb.Like(column, values))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(conditions) == 1 {
+		return conditions[0]
+	}
+	return sb.Or(conditions...)
+}
+
+func memberPresenceCondition(sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder, column string, members []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, exists bool) string {
+	conditions := make([]string, 0, len(members))
+	for _, member := range members {
+		field := fmt.Sprintf("simpleJSONHas(%s, '%s')", column, member.Name)
+		if exists {
+			conditions = append(conditions, sb.E(field, true))
+		} else {
+			conditions = append(conditions, sb.NE(field, true))
+		}
+	}
+	if exists {
+		if len(conditions) == 1 {
+			return conditions[0]
+		}
+		return sb.Or(conditions...)
+	}
+	return sb.And(conditions...)
+}
+
 // SkipResourceFilter is not applicable here: the fingerprint table only stores resource attributes.
 func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 	ctx context.Context,
-	_ valuer.UUID,
+	orgID valuer.UUID,
 	startNs uint64,
 	endNs uint64,
 	key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey,
@@ -57,7 +125,7 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 	value any,
 	sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder,
 ) ([]string, []string, error) {
-	matches := querybuilder.MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys)
+	matches := querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, b.fl, key, fieldKeys)
 
 	// has/hasAny/hasAll/hasToken are logs-body-only functions; they never apply to the
 	// resource fingerprint table, so skip them (the main query still evaluates them).
@@ -65,21 +133,21 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return nil, nil, nil
 	}
 
-	keys, warning := querybuilder.ResolveKeys(key, matches)
+	logicalFields, warning := querybuilder.ResolveLogicalFields(key, matches)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)
 	}
 
-	conds := make([]string, 0, len(keys))
-	for _, k := range keys {
-		// the resource fingerprint table only stores resource attributes; keys from
+	conds := make([]string, 0, len(logicalFields))
+	for _, logical := range logicalFields {
+		// the resource fingerprint table only stores resource attributes; fields from
 		// any other context contribute no condition and are omitted. An empty result
 		// (including an unknown key) lets the caller skip this filter entirely.
-		if k.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource {
+		if logical.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource {
 			continue
 		}
-		cond, err := b.conditionForKey(ctx, startNs, endNs, k, op, value, sb)
+		cond, err := b.conditionForLogicalField(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, logical, op, value, sb)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
@@ -88,11 +156,12 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 	return conds, warnings, nil
 }
 
-func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
+func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForLogicalField(
 	ctx context.Context,
+	orgID valuer.UUID,
 	startNs uint64,
 	endNs uint64,
-	key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey,
+	logical *telemetrytypes.LogicalField,
 	op qbtypes.FilterOperator,
 	value any,
 	sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder,
@@ -102,7 +171,9 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 	// as we store resource values as string
 	formattedValue := querybuilder.FormatValueForContains(value)
 
-	columns, err := b.fm.ColumnFor(ctx, valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs, key)
+	// Every resource-context key maps to the labels column, so any member
+	// resolves the column for the whole field.
+	columns, err := b.fm.ColumnFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, logical.Single())
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -115,10 +186,12 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 	// as we have not changed the resource column in the resource fingerprint table.
 	column := columns[0]
 
-	keyIdxFilter := sb.Like(column.Name, keyIndexFilter(key))
-	valueForIndexFilter := valueForIndexFilter(op, key, value)
+	members := logical.Members
+	isFamily := logical.IsFamily()
+	keyIdxFilter := keyIndexCondition(sb, column.Name, members)
+	singleValueIndexFilter := valueForIndexFilter(op, members[0], value)
 
-	fieldName, err := b.fm.FieldFor(ctx, valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs, key)
+	fieldName, err := querybuilder.LogicalValueExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, b.fm, logical)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -128,12 +201,17 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 		return sb.And(
 			sb.E(fieldName, formattedValue),
 			keyIdxFilter,
-			sb.Like(column.Name, valueForIndexFilter),
+			valueIndexCondition(sb, column.Name, members, op, value, false),
 		), nil
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotEqual:
+		if isFamily {
+			// A negated value-index hint would drop rows where another member
+			// holds the value; the fingerprint scan is small enough without it.
+			return sb.NE(fieldName, formattedValue), nil
+		}
 		return sb.And(
 			sb.NE(fieldName, formattedValue),
-			sb.NotLike(column.Name, valueForIndexFilter),
+			sb.NotLike(column.Name, singleValueIndexFilter),
 		), nil
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorGreaterThan:
 		return sb.And(sb.GT(fieldName, formattedValue), keyIdxFilter), nil
@@ -148,7 +226,7 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 		return sb.And(
 			sb.ILike(fieldName, formattedValue),
 			keyIdxFilter,
-			sb.ILike(column.Name, valueForIndexFilter),
+			valueIndexCondition(sb, column.Name, members, op, value, true),
 		), nil
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotLike, qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotILike:
 		// no index filter: as cannot apply `not contains x%y` as y can be somewhere else
@@ -185,13 +263,11 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 			inConditions = append(inConditions, sb.E(fieldName, querybuilder.FormatValueForContains(v)))
 		}
 		mainCondition := sb.Or(inConditions...)
-		valConditions := make([]string, 0, len(values))
-		if valuesForIndexFilter, ok := valueForIndexFilter.([]string); ok {
-			for _, v := range valuesForIndexFilter {
-				valConditions = append(valConditions, sb.Like(column.Name, v))
-			}
-		}
-		mainCondition = sb.And(mainCondition, keyIdxFilter, sb.Or(valConditions...))
+		mainCondition = sb.And(
+			mainCondition,
+			keyIdxFilter,
+			valueIndexCondition(sb, column.Name, members, op, value, false),
+		)
 
 		return mainCondition, nil
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotIn:
@@ -204,8 +280,13 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 			notInConditions = append(notInConditions, sb.NE(fieldName, querybuilder.FormatValueForContains(v)))
 		}
 		mainCondition := sb.And(notInConditions...)
+		if isFamily {
+			// A negated value-index hint would drop rows where another member
+			// holds the value; the fingerprint scan is small enough without it.
+			return mainCondition, nil
+		}
 		valConditions := make([]string, 0, len(values))
-		if valuesForIndexFilter, ok := valueForIndexFilter.([]string); ok {
+		if valuesForIndexFilter, ok := singleValueIndexFilter.([]string); ok {
 			for _, v := range valuesForIndexFilter {
 				valConditions = append(valConditions, sb.NotLike(column.Name, v))
 			}
@@ -215,13 +296,11 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorExists:
 		return sb.And(
-			sb.E(fmt.Sprintf("simpleJSONHas(%s, '%s')", column.Name, key.Name), true),
+			memberPresenceCondition(sb, column.Name, members, true),
 			keyIdxFilter,
 		), nil
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotExists:
-		return sb.And(
-			sb.NE(fmt.Sprintf("simpleJSONHas(%s, '%s')", column.Name, key.Name), true),
-		), nil
+		return memberPresenceCondition(sb, column.Name, members, false), nil
 
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorRegexp:
 		return sb.And(
@@ -237,7 +316,7 @@ func (b *defaultConditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 		return sb.And(
 			sb.ILike(fieldName, fmt.Sprintf(`%%%s%%`, formattedValue)),
 			keyIdxFilter,
-			sb.ILike(column.Name, valueForIndexFilter),
+			valueIndexCondition(sb, column.Name, members, op, value, true),
 		), nil
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotContains:
 		// no index filter: as cannot apply `not contains x%y` as y can be somewhere else

pkg/statementbuilder/resourcefilter/condition_builder_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package resourcefilter
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
 	"testing"
 
 	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ func TestConditionBuilder(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	fm := NewFieldMapper()
-	conditionBuilder := NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	conditionBuilder := NewConditionBuilder(fm, flaggertest.New(t))
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()

pkg/statementbuilder/resourcefilter/family_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package resourcefilter
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
+	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/huandu/go-sqlbuilder"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// The tests below run against the deployment.environment(.name) family with
+// the resolve_semconv_families flag on, and with both spellings present in
+// the metadata map as trace resource attributes.
+
+func TestFamilyEqualWidensIndexHintsToAnyMember(t *testing.T) {
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(), flaggertest.WithBooleanFlags(t, map[string]bool{flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies.String(): true}))
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorEqual, "production", sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE (COALESCE(NULLIF(simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment.name'), ''), NULLIF(simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment'), ''), '') = ? AND (labels LIKE ? OR labels LIKE ?) AND (labels LIKE ? OR labels LIKE ?))", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{"production", "%deployment.environment.name%", "%deployment.environment%", "%deployment.environment.name\":\"production%", "%deployment.environment\":\"production%"}, args)
+}
+
+func TestFamilyNotEqualDropsNegatedValueHint(t *testing.T) {
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(), flaggertest.WithBooleanFlags(t, map[string]bool{flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies.String(): true}))
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotEqual, "production", sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE COALESCE(NULLIF(simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment.name'), ''), NULLIF(simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment'), ''), '') <> ?", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{"production"}, args)
+}
+
+func TestFamilyExistsIsAnyMemberPresence(t *testing.T) {
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(), flaggertest.WithBooleanFlags(t, map[string]bool{flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies.String(): true}))
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorExists, nil, sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE ((simpleJSONHas(labels, 'deployment.environment.name') = ? OR simpleJSONHas(labels, 'deployment.environment') = ?) AND (labels LIKE ? OR labels LIKE ?))", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{true, true, "%deployment.environment.name%", "%deployment.environment%"}, args)
+
+	sb = sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err = cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotExists, nil, sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args = sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE (simpleJSONHas(labels, 'deployment.environment.name') <> ? AND simpleJSONHas(labels, 'deployment.environment') <> ?)", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{true, true}, args)
+}
+
+// With only one member in metadata the SQL keeps the exact pre-family shape,
+// including the negated value hint on !=.
+func TestSingleMemberShapesUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(), flaggertest.WithBooleanFlags(t, map[string]bool{flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies.String(): true}))
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 0, 0,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotEqual, "production", sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE (simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment.name') <> ? AND labels NOT LIKE ?)", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{"production", "%deployment.environment.name\":\"production%"}, args)
+}

pkg/statementbuilder/resourcefilter/field_mapper.go

@@ -71,6 +71,33 @@ func (m *defaultFieldMapper) FieldFor(
 	return columns[0].Name, nil
 }
 
+// ExistsFor reports key presence in the fingerprint labels JSON. Only resource
+// context keys have a presence notion here; anything else is a real column and
+// always present.
+func (m *defaultFieldMapper) ExistsFor(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	_ valuer.UUID,
+	tsStart, tsEnd uint64,
+	key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey,
+	exists bool,
+) (string, error) {
+	columns, err := m.getColumn(ctx, tsStart, tsEnd, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if key.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource {
+		if exists {
+			return "true", nil
+		}
+		return "false", nil
+	}
+	pred := fmt.Sprintf("simpleJSONHas(%s, '%s')", columns[0].Name, key.Name)
+	if exists {
+		return pred, nil
+	}
+	return "NOT " + pred, nil
+}
+
 func (m *defaultFieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	orgID valuer.UUID,

pkg/statementbuilder/resourcefilter/statement_builder.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func New[T any](
 ) *resourceFilterStatementBuilder[T] {
 	set := factory.NewScopedProviderSettings(settings, "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/statementbuilder/resourcefilter")
 	fm := NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	return &resourceFilterStatementBuilder[T]{
 		logger:           set.Logger(),
 		dbName:           dbName,
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func (b *resourceFilterStatementBuilder[T]) Build(
 	q.Select("fingerprint")
 	q.From(fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", b.dbName, b.tableName))
 
-	keySelectors := b.getKeySelectors(query)
+	keySelectors := querybuilder.ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(ctx, orgID, b.flagger, b.getKeySelectors(query))
 	keys, _, err := b.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, orgID, keySelectors)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ func (b *resourceFilterStatementBuilder[T]) addConditions(
 		filterWhereClause, err := querybuilder.PrepareWhereClause(query.Filter.Expression, querybuilder.FilterExprVisitorOpts{
 			Context:            ctx,
 			OrgID:              orgID,
+			Flagger:            b.flagger,
 			Logger:             b.logger,
 			FieldMapper:        b.fieldMapper,
 			ConditionBuilder:   b.conditionBuilder,

pkg/statementbuilder/scopedtracesstatementbuilder/statement_builder.go

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ type scopedTraceStatementBuilder struct {
 	scope                     TraceScope
 	traceStmtBuilder          qbtypes.StatementBuilder[qbtypes.TraceAggregation]
 	resourceFilterStmtBuilder qbtypes.StatementBuilder[qbtypes.TraceAggregation]
+	fl                        flagger.Flagger
 }
 
 var _ qbtypes.StatementBuilder[qbtypes.TraceAggregation] = (*scopedTraceStatementBuilder)(nil)
@@ -59,8 +60,8 @@ func NewFactory(
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 			return NewScopedTraceStatementBuilder(settings, metadataStore, fm, cb, scope, traceStmtBuilder, fl), nil
 		},
 	)
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ func NewScopedTraceStatementBuilder(
 		scope:                     scope,
 		traceStmtBuilder:          traceStmtBuilder,
 		resourceFilterStmtBuilder: resourceFilterStmtBuilder,
+		fl:                        fl,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ func (b *scopedTraceStatementBuilder) fetchKeys(ctx context.Context, orgID value
 			SelectorMatchType: telemetrytypes.FieldSelectorMatchTypeExact,
 		})
 	}
-	keys, _, err := b.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, orgID, selectors)
+	keys, _, err := b.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, orgID, querybuilder.ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(ctx, orgID, b.fl, selectors))
 	return keys, err
 }
 
@@ -442,13 +444,14 @@ func (b *scopedTraceStatementBuilder) resolveSpanPredicate(ctx context.Context,
 	for i := range selectors {
 		selectors[i].Signal = telemetrytypes.SignalTraces
 	}
-	keys, _, err := b.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, orgID, selectors)
+	keys, _, err := b.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, orgID, querybuilder.ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(ctx, orgID, b.fl, selectors))
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", nil, "", err
 	}
 	prepared, err := querybuilder.PrepareWhereClause(expr, querybuilder.FilterExprVisitorOpts{
 		Context:          ctx,
 		OrgID:            orgID,
+		Flagger:          b.fl,
 		Logger:           b.logger,
 		FieldMapper:      b.fm,
 		ConditionBuilder: b.cb,

pkg/statementbuilder/tracesstatementbuilder/statement_builder.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ type traceQueryStatementBuilder struct {
 	cb                             qbtypes.ConditionBuilder
 	resourceFilterResolver         *resourcefilter.ResourceFingerprintResolver[qbtypes.TraceAggregation]
 	aggExprRewriter                qbtypes.AggExprRewriter
+	fl                             flagger.Flagger
 	skipResourceFingerprintEnabled bool
 }
 
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ func NewFactory(
 	return factory.NewProviderFactory(
 		factory.MustNewName("traces"),
 		func(_ context.Context, settings factory.ProviderSettings, cfg statementbuilder.Config) (qbtypes.StatementBuilder[qbtypes.TraceAggregation], error) {
-			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 			aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(settings, nil, fm, cb, fl)
 			return NewTraceQueryStatementBuilder(
 				settings, metadataStore, fm, cb, aggExprRewriter, telemetryStore, fl,
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ func NewTraceQueryStatementBuilder(
 		cb:                             conditionBuilder,
 		resourceFilterResolver:         resourceFilterResolver,
 		aggExprRewriter:                aggExprRewriter,
+		fl:                             flagger,
 		skipResourceFingerprintEnabled: skipResourceFingerprintEnable,
 	}
 }
@@ -119,7 +121,7 @@ func (b *traceQueryStatementBuilder) Build(
 
 	// We modify SelectFields above (injecting default fields), and those default
 	// fields can carry keys that need evolutions, so fetch keys after that.
-	keySelectors := getKeySelectors(query)
+	keySelectors := querybuilder.ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(ctx, orgID, b.fl, getKeySelectors(query))
 
 	keys, _, err := b.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, orgID, keySelectors)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -795,6 +797,7 @@ func (b *traceQueryStatementBuilder) addFilterCondition(
 		preparedWhereClause, err = querybuilder.PrepareWhereClause(query.Filter.Expression, querybuilder.FilterExprVisitorOpts{
 			Context:            ctx,
 			OrgID:              orgID,
+			Flagger:            b.fl,
 			Logger:             b.logger,
 			FieldMapper:        b.fm,
 			ConditionBuilder:   b.cb,

pkg/statementbuilder/tracesstatementbuilder/stmt_builder_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	cmock "github.com/SigNoz/clickhouse-go-mock"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/instrumentation/instrumentationtest"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/querybuilder"
@@ -376,8 +377,8 @@ func TestStatementBuilder(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
@@ -677,8 +678,8 @@ func TestStatementBuilderListQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
@@ -804,8 +805,8 @@ func TestStatementBuilderListQueryWithCorruptData(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 			mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 			mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = c.keysMap
 			if mockMetadataStore.KeysMap == nil {
@@ -879,8 +880,8 @@ func TestStatementBuilderGroupByResourceEvolution(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
@@ -1046,8 +1047,8 @@ func TestStatementBuilderTraceQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
@@ -1684,8 +1685,8 @@ func newSkipResourceFingerprintBuilder(
 	t.Helper()
 
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
@@ -1714,8 +1715,8 @@ func TestStatementBuilderGroupByUnseenKey(t *testing.T) {
 	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
 
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
@@ -1756,8 +1757,8 @@ func TestStatementBuilderAggregationUnseenKey(t *testing.T) {
 	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
 
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
@@ -1787,3 +1788,72 @@ func TestStatementBuilderAggregationUnseenKey(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, q.Query, "attributes_number['error.type']")
 	assert.Contains(t, q.Query, "attributes_bool['error.type']")
 }
+
+// TestStatementBuilderSemconvFamilies builds the same family-member filter
+// with the resolve_semconv_families flag on and off. On: the resource filter
+// merges both spellings and widens the index hints to any member. Off: the
+// query uses only the requested spelling, so users see no change.
+func TestStatementBuilderSemconvFamilies(t *testing.T) {
+	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	query := qbtypes.QueryBuilderQuery[qbtypes.TraceAggregation]{
+		Signal:       telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+		StepInterval: qbtypes.Step{Duration: 30 * time.Second},
+		Aggregations: []qbtypes.TraceAggregation{{Expression: "count()"}},
+		Filter: &qbtypes.Filter{
+			Expression: "deployment.environment.name = 'production'",
+		},
+	}
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		flag     bool
+		expected qbtypes.Statement
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "flag on merges both spellings",
+			flag: true,
+			expected: qbtypes.Statement{
+				Query: "WITH __resource_filter AS (SELECT fingerprint FROM signoz_traces.distributed_traces_v3_resource WHERE (COALESCE(NULLIF(simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment.name'), ''), NULLIF(simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment'), ''), '') = ? AND (labels LIKE ? OR labels LIKE ?) AND (labels LIKE ? OR labels LIKE ?)) AND seen_at_ts_bucket_start >= ? AND seen_at_ts_bucket_start <= ? GROUP BY fingerprint) SELECT count() AS __result_0 FROM signoz_traces.distributed_signoz_index_v3 WHERE resource_fingerprint GLOBAL IN (SELECT fingerprint FROM __resource_filter) AND timestamp >= ? AND timestamp < ? AND ts_bucket_start >= ? AND ts_bucket_start <= ? ORDER BY __result_0 DESC",
+				Args:  []any{"production", "%deployment.environment.name%", "%deployment.environment%", "%deployment.environment.name\":\"production%", "%deployment.environment\":\"production%", uint64(1747945619), uint64(1747983448), "1747947419000000000", "1747983448000000000", uint64(1747945619), uint64(1747983448)},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "flag off keeps the literal spelling",
+			flag: false,
+			expected: qbtypes.Statement{
+				Query: "WITH __resource_filter AS (SELECT fingerprint FROM signoz_traces.distributed_traces_v3_resource WHERE (simpleJSONExtractString(labels, 'deployment.environment.name') = ? AND labels LIKE ? AND labels LIKE ?) AND seen_at_ts_bucket_start >= ? AND seen_at_ts_bucket_start <= ? GROUP BY fingerprint) SELECT count() AS __result_0 FROM signoz_traces.distributed_signoz_index_v3 WHERE resource_fingerprint GLOBAL IN (SELECT fingerprint FROM __resource_filter) AND timestamp >= ? AND timestamp < ? AND ts_bucket_start >= ? AND ts_bucket_start <= ? ORDER BY __result_0 DESC",
+				Args:  []any{"production", "%deployment.environment.name%", "%deployment.environment.name\":\"production%", uint64(1747945619), uint64(1747983448), "1747947419000000000", "1747983448000000000", uint64(1747945619), uint64(1747983448)},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			fl := flaggertest.WithBooleanFlags(t, map[string]bool{
+				flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies.String(): c.flag,
+			})
+			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
+			mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
+			mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
+			aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
+
+			statementBuilder := NewTraceQueryStatementBuilder(
+				instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(),
+				mockMetadataStore,
+				fm,
+				cb,
+				aggExprRewriter,
+				nil,
+				fl,
+				false,
+				100000,
+			)
+
+			q, err := statementBuilder.Build(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, 1747947419000, 1747983448000, qbtypes.RequestTypeScalar, query, nil)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.Equal(t, c.expected.Query, q.Query)
+			require.Equal(t, c.expected.Args, q.Args)
+		})
+	}
+}

pkg/statementbuilder/tracesstatementbuilder/trace_operator_cte_builder.go

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func (b *traceOperatorCTEBuilder) buildQueryCTE(ctx context.Context, queryName s
 		return cteName, nil
 	}
 
-	keySelectors := getKeySelectors(*query)
+	keySelectors := querybuilder.ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(ctx, b.orgID, b.stmtBuilder.fl, getKeySelectors(*query))
 	b.stmtBuilder.logger.DebugContext(ctx, "Key selectors for query", slog.String("query_name", queryName), slog.Any("key_selectors", keySelectors))
 	keys, _, err := b.stmtBuilder.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, b.orgID, keySelectors)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -265,6 +265,7 @@ func (b *traceOperatorCTEBuilder) buildQueryCTE(ctx context.Context, queryName s
 			querybuilder.FilterExprVisitorOpts{
 				Context:            ctx,
 				OrgID:              b.orgID,
+				Flagger:            b.stmtBuilder.fl,
 				Logger:             b.stmtBuilder.logger,
 				FieldMapper:        b.stmtBuilder.fm,
 				ConditionBuilder:   b.stmtBuilder.cb,
@@ -442,7 +443,7 @@ func (b *traceOperatorCTEBuilder) buildFinalQuery(ctx context.Context, selectFro
 		}
 	}
 
-	keySelectors := b.getKeySelectors()
+	keySelectors := querybuilder.ExpandKeySelectorsForFamilies(ctx, b.orgID, b.stmtBuilder.fl, b.getKeySelectors())
 	keys, _, err := b.stmtBuilder.metadataStore.GetKeysMulti(ctx, b.orgID, keySelectors)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err

pkg/statementbuilder/tracesstatementbuilder/trace_operator_cte_builder_test.go

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ func newTestTraceOperatorStatementBuilder(t *testing.T) *traceOperatorStatementB
 	t.Helper()
 	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
 	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)

pkg/statementbuilder/tracesstatementbuilder/trace_operator_statement_builder.go

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ type traceOperatorStatementBuilder struct {
 	traceStmtBuilder          qbtypes.StatementBuilder[qbtypes.TraceAggregation]
 	resourceFilterStmtBuilder qbtypes.StatementBuilder[qbtypes.TraceAggregation]
 	aggExprRewriter           qbtypes.AggExprRewriter
+	fl                        flagger.Flagger
 }
 
 var _ qbtypes.TraceOperatorStatementBuilder = (*traceOperatorStatementBuilder)(nil)
@@ -41,8 +42,8 @@ func NewOperatorFactory(
 	return factory.NewProviderFactory(
 		factory.MustNewName("traceoperator"),
 		func(_ context.Context, settings factory.ProviderSettings, cfg statementbuilder.Config) (qbtypes.TraceOperatorStatementBuilder, error) {
-			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+			fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+			cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 			aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(settings, nil, fm, cb, fl)
 			traceStmtBuilder := NewTraceQueryStatementBuilder(
 				settings, metadataStore, fm, cb, aggExprRewriter, telemetryStore, fl,
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ func NewTraceOperatorStatementBuilder(
 		traceStmtBuilder:          traceStmtBuilder,
 		resourceFilterStmtBuilder: resourceFilterStmtBuilder,
 		aggExprRewriter:           aggExprRewriter,
+		fl:                        flagger,
 	}
 }
 

pkg/statementbuilder/tracesstatementbuilder/trace_time_range_test.go

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ import (
 func TestTraceTimeRangeOptimization(t *testing.T) {
 	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
 
-	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
+	fm := tracestelemetryschema.NewFieldMapper(fl)
+	cb := tracestelemetryschema.NewConditionBuilder(fm, fl)
 	mockMetadataStore := telemetrytypestest.NewMockMetadataStore()
 
 	mockMetadataStore.KeysMap = tracestelemetryschema.BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime)
@@ -39,7 +40,6 @@ func TestTraceTimeRangeOptimization(t *testing.T) {
 		Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
 	}}
 
-	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
 	aggExprRewriter := querybuilder.NewAggExprRewriter(instrumentationtest.New().ToProviderSettings(), nil, fm, cb, fl)
 
 	statementBuilder := NewTraceQueryStatementBuilder(

pkg/telemetrymetadata/condition_builder.go

@@ -38,8 +38,11 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
-	// an unknown key simply yields no condition rather than an error.
-	keys, warning := querybuilder.ResolveKeys(key, querybuilder.MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys))
+	// an unknown key simply yields no condition rather than an error. Metadata
+	// fields have no family support, so every logical field is single-member
+	// and flattens losslessly to its physical key.
+	resolved, warning := querybuilder.ResolveLogicalFields(key, querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, nil, key, fieldKeys))
+	keys := querybuilder.SingleKeys(resolved)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)

pkg/telemetrymetadata/field_mapper.go

@@ -58,6 +58,19 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, tsStart, tsE
 	return columns, nil
 }
 
+// ExistsFor implements the per-key existence primitive of qbtypes.FieldMapper.
+func (m *fieldMapper) ExistsFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, tsStart, tsEnd uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, exists bool) (string, error) {
+	columns, err := m.getColumn(ctx, tsStart, tsEnd, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	pred := fmt.Sprintf("mapContains(%s, '%s')", columns[0].Name, key.Name)
+	if exists {
+		return pred, nil
+	}
+	return "NOT " + pred, nil
+}
+
 func (m *fieldMapper) FieldFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, startNs, endNs uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) (string, error) {
 	columns, err := m.getColumn(ctx, startNs, endNs, key)
 	if err != nil {

pkg/telemetryschema/audittelemetryschema/condition_builder.go

@@ -139,7 +139,10 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
-	keys, warning := querybuilder.ResolveKeys(key, querybuilder.MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys))
+	// Audit fields have no family support, so every logical field is
+	// single-member and flattens losslessly to its physical key.
+	resolved, warning := querybuilder.ResolveLogicalFields(key, querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, nil, key, fieldKeys))
+	keys := querybuilder.SingleKeys(resolved)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)

pkg/telemetryschema/audittelemetryschema/field_mapper.go

@@ -97,6 +97,19 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, _, _ uint64,
 	return m.getColumn(ctx, key)
 }
 
+// ExistsFor implements the per-key existence primitive of qbtypes.FieldMapper.
+func (m *fieldMapper) ExistsFor(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, tsStart, tsEnd uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, exists bool) (string, error) {
+	fieldExpression, err := m.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	columns, err := m.getColumn(ctx, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return querybuilder.ExistsExpression(columns, key, tsStart, tsEnd, fieldExpression, exists)
+}
+
 func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	orgID valuer.UUID,

pkg/telemetryschema/logstelemetryschema/condition_builder.go

@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 	value any,
 	sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder,
 ) ([]string, []string, error) {
-	matches := querybuilder.MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys)
+	matches := querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, nil, key, fieldKeys)
 	skipResourceFilter := options.SkipResourceFilter
 
 	// search() resolves its own (optional) scope; handle it before key resolution.
@@ -460,7 +460,10 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return c.conditionForSearch(ctx, orgID, key, value, sb)
 	}
 
-	keys, warning := querybuilder.ResolveKeys(key, matches)
+	// Logs fields have no family support yet, so every logical field is
+	// single-member and flattens losslessly to its physical key.
+	resolved, warning := querybuilder.ResolveLogicalFields(key, matches)
+	keys := querybuilder.SingleKeys(resolved)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)

pkg/telemetryschema/logstelemetryschema/field_mapper.go

@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 		}
 		var stmts []string
 		for _, key := range candidates {
-			guard, err := m.existsExpressionFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, key, true)
+			guard, err := m.ExistsFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, key, true)
 			if err != nil {
 				return "", err
 			}
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 		if !m.membershipGuarded(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, candidates[0]) {
 			return m.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, candidates[0])
 		}
-		guard, err := m.existsExpressionFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, candidates[0], true)
+		guard, err := m.ExistsFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, candidates[0], true)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 
 	var stmts []string
 	for _, key := range candidates {
-		guard, err := m.existsExpressionFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, key, true)
+		guard, err := m.ExistsFor(ctx, orgID, tsStart, tsEnd, key, true)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
@@ -569,7 +569,8 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) membershipGuarded(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID,
 	return columnType == schema.ColumnTypeEnumMap || columnType == schema.ColumnTypeEnumJSON
 }
 
-func (m *fieldMapper) existsExpressionFor(
+// ExistsFor implements the per-key existence primitive of qbtypes.FieldMapper.
+func (m *fieldMapper) ExistsFor(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	orgID valuer.UUID,
 	tsStart, tsEnd uint64,

pkg/telemetryschema/metricstelemetryschema/condition_builder.go

@@ -162,7 +162,9 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
-	keys := querybuilder.MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys)
+	// Metric labels have no family support, so every logical field is
+	// single-member and flattens losslessly to its physical key.
+	keys := querybuilder.SingleKeys(querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, nil, key, fieldKeys))
 	var warnings []string
 	if len(keys) == 0 {
 		if _, isColumn := timeSeriesV4Columns[key.Name]; isColumn {

pkg/telemetryschema/metricstelemetryschema/field_mapper.go

@@ -97,6 +97,18 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnFor(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, tsStart, tsE
 	return m.getColumn(ctx, tsStart, tsEnd, key)
 }
 
+// ExistsFor implements the per-key existence primitive of qbtypes.FieldMapper.
+// Intrinsic fields always exist; labels are checked for key membership.
+func (m *fieldMapper) ExistsFor(_ context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, _, _ uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, exists bool) (string, error) {
+	if slices.Contains(IntrinsicFields, key.Name) {
+		return "true", nil
+	}
+	if exists {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("has(JSONExtractKeys(labels), '%s')", key.Name), nil
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("not has(JSONExtractKeys(labels), '%s')", key.Name), nil
+}
+
 func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	orgID valuer.UUID,

pkg/telemetryschema/tracestelemetryschema/condition_builder.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/querybuilder"
 	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
@@ -19,12 +20,15 @@ import (
 
 type conditionBuilder struct {
 	fm qbtypes.FieldMapper
+	// fl evaluates the resolve_semconv_families flag during resolution.
+	// A nil flagger keeps resolution literal.
+	fl flagger.Flagger
 }
 
 var _ qbtypes.ConditionBuilder = (*conditionBuilder)(nil)
 
-func NewConditionBuilder(fm qbtypes.FieldMapper) *conditionBuilder {
-	return &conditionBuilder{fm: fm}
+func NewConditionBuilder(fm qbtypes.FieldMapper, fl flagger.Flagger) *conditionBuilder {
+	return &conditionBuilder{fm: fm, fl: fl}
 }
 
 func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionFor(
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionFor(
 	orgID valuer.UUID,
 	startNs uint64,
 	endNs uint64,
-	key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey,
+	logical *telemetrytypes.LogicalField,
 	operator qbtypes.FilterOperator,
 	value any,
 	sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder,
@@ -42,13 +46,13 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionFor(
 		value = querybuilder.FormatValueForContains(value)
 	}
 
-	fieldExpression, err := c.fm.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key)
+	fieldExpression, err := querybuilder.LogicalValueExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, c.fm, logical)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
 	// TODO(srikanthccv): maybe extend this to every possible attribute
-	if key.Name == "duration_nano" || key.Name == "durationNano" { // QoL improvement
+	if logical.Name == "duration_nano" || logical.Name == "durationNano" { // QoL improvement
 		switch v := value.(type) {
 		case string:
 			if duration, err := time.ParseDuration(v); err == nil {
@@ -65,7 +69,9 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionFor(
 		}
 	}
 
-	fieldExpression, value = querybuilder.DataTypeCollisionHandledFieldName(key, value, fieldExpression, operator)
+	// Coercion switches only on the data type, which every member shares, so
+	// the first member stands in for the field.
+	fieldExpression, value = querybuilder.DataTypeCollisionHandledFieldName(logical.Single(), value, fieldExpression, operator)
 
 	// regular operators
 	switch operator {
@@ -154,11 +160,7 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionFor(
 	// in the query builder, `exists` and `not exists` are used for
 	// key membership checks, so depending on the column type, the condition changes
 	case qbtypes.FilterOperatorExists, qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotExists:
-		columns, err := c.fm.ColumnFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		pred, err := querybuilder.ExistsExpression(columns, key, startNs, endNs, fieldExpression, operator == qbtypes.FilterOperatorExists)
+		pred, err := querybuilder.LogicalExistsExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, c.fm, logical, operator == qbtypes.FilterOperatorExists)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
@@ -210,10 +212,10 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
-	matches := querybuilder.MatchingFieldKeys(key, fieldKeys)
+	matches := querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, c.fl, key, fieldKeys)
 	skipResourceFilter := options.SkipResourceFilter
 
-	keys, warning := querybuilder.ResolveKeys(key, matches)
+	logicalFields, warning := querybuilder.ResolveLogicalFields(key, matches)
 	var warnings []string
 	if warning != "" {
 		warnings = append(warnings, warning)
@@ -221,10 +223,10 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 	// A bare key that names a real column filters on the column too — first. When metadata
 	// only knows the name under other contexts, prepend the column and keep metadata matches
 	// only where their type is consistent with it (a corrupt entry can't degrade the column).
-	if key.FieldContext == telemetrytypes.FieldContextUnspecified && len(keys) > 0 {
+	if key.FieldContext == telemetrytypes.FieldContextUnspecified && len(logicalFields) > 0 {
 		hasColumn := false
-		for _, k := range keys {
-			if k.FieldContext == telemetrytypes.FieldContextSpan {
+		for _, logical := range logicalFields {
+			if logical.FieldContext == telemetrytypes.FieldContextSpan {
 				hasColumn = true
 				break
 			}
@@ -232,49 +234,49 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 		if !hasColumn {
 			probe := telemetrytypes.NewTelemetryFieldKey(key.Name, telemetrytypes.FieldContextSpan, key.FieldDataType)
 			if cols, colErr := c.fm.ColumnFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, probe); colErr == nil && len(cols) > 0 {
-				combined := make([]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, 0, len(keys)+1)
-				combined = append(combined, probe)
-				for _, k := range keys {
-					if columnMatchesDataType(cols[0], k.FieldDataType) {
-						combined = append(combined, k)
+				combined := make([]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, 0, len(logicalFields)+1)
+				combined = append(combined, telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField(key.Name, probe))
+				for _, logical := range logicalFields {
+					if columnMatchesDataType(cols[0], logical.FieldDataType) {
+						combined = append(combined, logical)
 					}
 				}
-				keys = combined
+				logicalFields = combined
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	synthesized := false
-	if len(keys) == 0 {
+	if len(logicalFields) == 0 {
 		// Not in metadata. CandidateKeys resolves it: fold contexts (span/trace) get the
 		// metadata map so it can honor a real column, correct to a stripped-name metadata
 		// match, or synthesize; strict contexts pass nil and keep their synthesize path.
-		keys = c.fm.CandidateKeys(ctx, orgID, key, value, candidateLookupKeys(key, fieldKeys))
-		if len(keys) == 0 {
+		logicalFields = querybuilder.WrapAsLogicalFields(key.Name, c.fm.CandidateKeys(ctx, orgID, key, value, candidateLookupKeys(key, fieldKeys)))
+		if len(logicalFields) == 0 {
 			return nil, warnings, querybuilder.NewKeyNotFoundError(key.Name)
 		}
 		synthesized = true
 		warnings = append(warnings, querybuilder.NewKeyNotFoundWarning(key.Name))
 	}
 
-	// When a resource sub-query already covers the term, drop resource keys from the main
+	// When a resource sub-query already covers the term, drop resource fields from the main
 	// query. Synthesized keys are exempt: the sub-query skips keys absent from metadata.
 	if skipResourceFilter && !synthesized {
-		filtered := make([]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, 0, len(keys))
-		for _, k := range keys {
-			if k.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource {
-				filtered = append(filtered, k)
+		filtered := make([]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, 0, len(logicalFields))
+		for _, logical := range logicalFields {
+			if logical.FieldContext != telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource {
+				filtered = append(filtered, logical)
 			}
 		}
 		if len(filtered) == 0 {
 			return nil, warnings, nil
 		}
-		keys = filtered
+		logicalFields = filtered
 	}
 
-	conds := make([]string, 0, len(keys))
-	for _, k := range keys {
-		cond, err := c.conditionForKey(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, k, operator, value, sb)
+	conds := make([]string, 0, len(logicalFields))
+	for _, logical := range logicalFields {
+		cond, err := c.conditionForLogicalField(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, logical, operator, value, sb)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
@@ -283,28 +285,28 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) ConditionFor(
 	return conds, warnings, nil
 }
 
-func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
+func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionForLogicalField(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	orgID valuer.UUID,
 	startNs uint64,
 	endNs uint64,
-	key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey,
+	logical *telemetrytypes.LogicalField,
 	operator qbtypes.FilterOperator,
 	value any,
 	sb *sqlbuilder.SelectBuilder,
 ) (string, error) {
-	if c.isSpanScopeField(key.Name) {
-		return c.buildSpanScopeCondition(key, operator, value, startNs)
+	if c.isSpanScopeField(logical.Name) {
+		return c.buildSpanScopeCondition(logical.Single(), operator, value, startNs)
 	}
 
-	condition, err := c.conditionFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key, operator, value, sb)
+	condition, err := c.conditionFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, logical, operator, value, sb)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
 	if operator.AddDefaultExistsFilter() {
 		// skip adding exists filter for intrinsic fields
-		field, _ := c.fm.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key)
+		field, _ := c.fm.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, logical.Single())
 		if slices.Contains(maps.Keys(IntrinsicFields), field) ||
 			slices.Contains(maps.Keys(IntrinsicFieldsDeprecated), field) ||
 			slices.Contains(maps.Keys(CalculatedFields), field) ||
@@ -312,7 +314,7 @@ func (c *conditionBuilder) conditionForKey(
 			return condition, nil
 		}
 
-		existsCondition, err := c.conditionFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key, qbtypes.FilterOperatorExists, nil, sb)
+		existsCondition, err := c.conditionFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, logical, qbtypes.FilterOperatorExists, nil, sb)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}

pkg/telemetryschema/tracestelemetryschema/condition_builder_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package tracestelemetryschema
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -288,8 +289,8 @@ func TestConditionFor(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	fm := NewFieldMapper()
-	conditionBuilder := NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
+	conditionBuilder := NewConditionBuilder(fm, flaggertest.New(t))
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
@@ -375,8 +376,8 @@ func TestConditionForResourceWithEvolution(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	fm := NewFieldMapper()
-	conditionBuilder := NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
+	conditionBuilder := NewConditionBuilder(fm, flaggertest.New(t))
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
@@ -395,8 +396,8 @@ func TestConditionForResourceWithEvolution(t *testing.T) {
 // user input and queries anyway, emitting a warning instead of failing.
 func TestConditionForSynthesizedKeys(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	fm := NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm, flaggertest.New(t))
 
 	// no metadata matches -> the builder must synthesize from user input
 	var noMatches map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey

pkg/telemetryschema/tracestelemetryschema/family_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+package tracestelemetryschema
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
+	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/huandu/go-sqlbuilder"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// familyFlagOn returns a flagger with resolve_semconv_families on.
+func familyFlagOn(t *testing.T) flagger.Flagger {
+	return flaggertest.WithBooleanFlags(t, map[string]bool{
+		flagger.FeatureResolveSemconvFamilies.String(): true,
+	})
+}
+
+// The tests below run against the deployment.environment(.name) family as
+// trace resource attributes with the canonical evolution timeline, inside the
+// JSON-column window. The single-member value expression at this range is
+//
+//	multiIf(resource.`<name>` IS NOT NULL, resource.`<name>`::String,
+//	        mapContains(resources_string, '<name>'), resources_string['<name>'], NULL)
+//
+// and the family expressions below compose it per member.
+
+func TestConditionForFamilyMergesMembersCurrentFirst(t *testing.T) {
+	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	startNs, endNs := uint64(1747947419000000000), uint64(1747983448000000000)
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+	}
+	fl := familyFlagOn(t)
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(fl), fl)
+
+	// The requested spelling is the old name; precedence must still be
+	// current-first.
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, warnings, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorEqual, "production", sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Empty(t, warnings, "a family is one logical field, never ambiguous with itself")
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE (COALESCE(NULLIF(multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL), ''), NULLIF(multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment'), resources_string['deployment.environment'], NULL), ''), '') = ? AND (multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL) IS NOT NULL OR multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment'), resources_string['deployment.environment'], NULL) IS NOT NULL))", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{"production"}, args)
+}
+
+func TestConditionForFamilyNegativeKeepsKeylessRows(t *testing.T) {
+	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	startNs, endNs := uint64(1747947419000000000), uint64(1747983448000000000)
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+	}
+	fl := familyFlagOn(t)
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(fl), fl)
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotEqual, "production", sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+
+	// The trailing '' makes rows without any member read '' (single-key map
+	// semantics), so `!=` keeps including them; no exists filter is added.
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE COALESCE(NULLIF(multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL), ''), NULLIF(multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment'), resources_string['deployment.environment'], NULL), ''), '') <> ?", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{"production"}, args)
+}
+
+func TestConditionForFamilyExists(t *testing.T) {
+	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	startNs, endNs := uint64(1747947419000000000), uint64(1747983448000000000)
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+	}
+	fl := familyFlagOn(t)
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(fl), fl)
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorNotExists, nil, sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, _ := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE NOT (multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL) IS NOT NULL OR multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment'), resources_string['deployment.environment'], NULL) IS NOT NULL)", sql)
+}
+
+// With the flag off, both spellings can be in the metadata map and the
+// condition still uses only the requested key. Users see no change until the
+// flag is on.
+func TestConditionForFamilyOffByDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	startNs, endNs := uint64(1747947419000000000), uint64(1747983448000000000)
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+	}
+	fl := flaggertest.New(t)
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(fl), fl)
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorEqual, "production", sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE (multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL) = ? AND multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL) IS NOT NULL)", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{"production"}, args)
+}
+
+// With only one member in metadata the condition is the exact single-key
+// shape: composition only appears when metadata proves a second member.
+func TestConditionForSingleMemberIsUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
+	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	startNs, endNs := uint64(1747947419000000000), uint64(1747983448000000000)
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+	}
+	delete(fieldKeys, "deployment.environment")
+	fl := familyFlagOn(t)
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(NewFieldMapper(fl), fl)
+
+	sb := sqlbuilder.NewSelectBuilder()
+	conds, _, err := cb.ConditionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"},
+		fieldKeys, qbtypes.ConditionBuilderOptions{}, qbtypes.FilterOperatorEqual, "production", sb)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, conds, 1)
+
+	sb.Where(conds...)
+	sql, args := sb.BuildWithFlavor(sqlbuilder.ClickHouse)
+	require.Equal(t, "WHERE (multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL) = ? AND multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL) IS NOT NULL)", sql)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{"production"}, args)
+}
+
+func TestColumnExpressionForFamilyGroupBy(t *testing.T) {
+	releaseTime := time.Date(2025, 5, 22, 22, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	startNs, endNs := uint64(1747947419000000000), uint64(1747983448000000000)
+	fieldKeys := map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{
+		"deployment.environment.name": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+		"deployment.environment": {{
+			Name:          "deployment.environment",
+			Signal:        telemetrytypes.SignalTraces,
+			FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+			FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			Evolutions:    MockEvolutionData(releaseTime),
+		}},
+	}
+	fm := NewFieldMapper(familyFlagOn(t))
+
+	expr, err := fm.ColumnExpressionFor(context.Background(), valuer.UUID{}, startNs, endNs,
+		&telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "deployment.environment.name"}, telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString, fieldKeys)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, "multiIf((multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL) IS NOT NULL OR multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment'), resources_string['deployment.environment'], NULL) IS NOT NULL), COALESCE(NULLIF(multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment.name` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment.name`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment.name'), resources_string['deployment.environment.name'], NULL), ''), NULLIF(multiIf(resource.`deployment.environment` IS NOT NULL, resource.`deployment.environment`::String, mapContains(resources_string, 'deployment.environment'), resources_string['deployment.environment'], NULL), ''), ''), NULL)", expr)
+}

pkg/telemetryschema/tracestelemetryschema/field_mapper.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 	schema "github.com/SigNoz/signoz-otel-collector/cmd/signozschemamigrator/schema_migrator"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/querybuilder"
 	qbtypes "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
@@ -159,12 +160,16 @@ var (
 	}
 )
 
-type fieldMapper struct{}
+type fieldMapper struct {
+	// fl evaluates the resolve_semconv_families flag during resolution.
+	// A nil flagger keeps resolution literal.
+	fl flagger.Flagger
+}
 
 var _ qbtypes.FieldMapper = (*fieldMapper)(nil)
 
-func NewFieldMapper() *fieldMapper {
-	return &fieldMapper{}
+func NewFieldMapper(fl flagger.Flagger) *fieldMapper {
+	return &fieldMapper{fl: fl}
 }
 
 func (m *fieldMapper) getColumn(
@@ -336,6 +341,68 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) resolveColumnExprs(
 	return exprs, existExprs, columns, nil
 }
 
+// logicalForResolvedColumn upgrades a directly-resolvable key (the FieldFor
+// probe succeeded) to its family when the metadata map proves membership;
+// otherwise the key stays a single-member logical field.
+func (m *fieldMapper) logicalForResolvedColumn(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, keys map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) *telemetrytypes.LogicalField {
+	for _, logical := range querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, m.fl, field, keys) {
+		if logical.IsFamily() &&
+			logical.FieldContext == field.FieldContext &&
+			(field.FieldDataType == telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeUnspecified || logical.FieldDataType == field.FieldDataType) {
+			return logical
+		}
+	}
+	return telemetrytypes.SingleLogicalField(field.Name, field)
+}
+
+// upgradeToFamilies swaps single-member candidates for their family when the
+// metadata map proves membership. Candidate order and every non-family
+// candidate stay exactly as the legacy flow produced them; sibling candidates
+// of an already-emitted family are dropped rather than duplicated.
+func (m *fieldMapper) upgradeToFamilies(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, candidates []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, keys map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField {
+	var families []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField
+	for _, logical := range querybuilder.MatchingLogicalFields(ctx, orgID, m.fl, field, keys) {
+		if logical.IsFamily() {
+			families = append(families, logical)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(families) == 0 {
+		return candidates
+	}
+
+	out := make([]*telemetrytypes.LogicalField, 0, len(candidates))
+	emitted := make(map[*telemetrytypes.LogicalField]bool)
+	for _, candidate := range candidates {
+		var family *telemetrytypes.LogicalField
+		for _, fam := range families {
+			if fam.FieldContext != candidate.FieldContext || fam.FieldDataType != candidate.FieldDataType {
+				continue
+			}
+			memberOfFamily := candidate.Single().Name == field.Name
+			for _, member := range fam.Members {
+				if member.Name == candidate.Single().Name {
+					memberOfFamily = true
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if memberOfFamily {
+				family = fam
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if family == nil {
+			out = append(out, candidate)
+			continue
+		}
+		if emitted[family] {
+			continue
+		}
+		emitted[family] = true
+		out = append(out, family)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
 // ColumnExpressionFor returns the bare (unaliased) SQL expression for the field, resolving
 // unknown keys via CandidateKeys and wrapping guardable columns with exists-guard multiIfs
 // so an absent key yields NULL.
@@ -348,18 +415,23 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 	keys map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey,
 ) (string, error) {
 
-	// Resolve the candidate column(s).
-	var candidates []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey
+	// Resolve the candidate logical field(s).
+	var candidates []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField
 	switch _, err := m.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, field); {
 	case err == nil:
-		candidates = []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{field}
+		// A directly-resolvable key upgrades to its family when the metadata
+		// map proves membership; otherwise it stays single-member.
+		candidates = []*telemetrytypes.LogicalField{m.logicalForResolvedColumn(ctx, orgID, field, keys)}
 	case errors.Is(err, qbtypes.ErrColumnNotFound):
-		// column (when the bare name is one) plus metadata matches, else synthesized
-		// type-variant keys.
-		candidates = m.CandidateKeys(ctx, orgID, field, nil, keys)
-		if len(candidates) == 0 {
+		// The legacy candidate flow, unchanged: column (when the bare name is
+		// one) plus metadata matches, else synthesized type-variant keys. The
+		// family step below only swaps candidates for their family; it never
+		// changes candidate order or non-family behavior.
+		raw := m.CandidateKeys(ctx, orgID, field, nil, keys)
+		if len(raw) == 0 {
 			return "", errors.Wrapf(err, errors.TypeInvalidInput, errors.CodeInvalidInput, "field `%s` not found", field.Name).WithSuggestions(errors.NewSuggestionsOnLevenshteinDistance(field.Name, errors.NounKeys, maps.Keys(keys))...)
 		}
+		candidates = m.upgradeToFamilies(ctx, orgID, field, querybuilder.WrapAsLogicalFields(field.Name, raw), keys)
 	default:
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -373,21 +445,21 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 			dummyValue = 0.0
 		}
 		stmts := make([]string, 0, len(candidates)*2)
-		for _, key := range candidates {
-			value, err := m.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key)
+		for _, logical := range candidates {
+			value, err := querybuilder.LogicalValueExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, m, logical)
 			if err != nil {
 				return "", err
 			}
-			guard, err := m.existsExpressionFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key, true)
+			guard, err := querybuilder.LogicalExistsExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, m, logical, true)
 			if err != nil {
 				return "", err
 			}
 			coerced := value
 			// a time column keeps its native type; coercing it would yield seconds
-			if temporal, err := m.columnIsTemporal(ctx, startNs, endNs, key); err != nil {
+			if temporal, err := m.logicalIsTemporal(ctx, startNs, endNs, logical); err != nil {
 				return "", err
 			} else if !temporal {
-				coerced, _ = querybuilder.DataTypeCollisionHandledFieldName(key, dummyValue, value, qbtypes.FilterOperatorUnknown)
+				coerced, _ = querybuilder.DataTypeCollisionHandledFieldName(logical.Single(), dummyValue, value, qbtypes.FilterOperatorUnknown)
 			}
 			stmts = append(stmts, guard, coerced)
 		}
@@ -395,13 +467,14 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 	}
 
 	if len(candidates) == 1 {
-		value, err := m.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, candidates[0])
+		logical := candidates[0]
+		value, err := querybuilder.LogicalValueExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, m, logical)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
-		exprs, existExprs, _, _ := m.resolveColumnExprs(ctx, startNs, endNs, candidates[0])
-		if len(exprs) == 1 && len(existExprs) == 1 {
-			guard, err := m.existsExpressionFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, candidates[0], true)
+		exprs, existExprs, _, _ := m.resolveColumnExprs(ctx, startNs, endNs, logical.Single())
+		if !logical.IsFamily() && len(exprs) == 1 && len(existExprs) == 1 {
+			guard, err := querybuilder.LogicalExistsExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, m, logical, true)
 			if err != nil {
 				return "", err
 			}
@@ -413,12 +486,12 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 	// Multiple candidates (collision / synth): multiIf picks the first that exists,
 	// stringified so branches share a type.
 	args := make([]string, 0, len(candidates))
-	for _, key := range candidates {
-		value, err := m.FieldFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key)
+	for _, logical := range candidates {
+		value, err := querybuilder.LogicalValueExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, m, logical)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
-		guard, err := m.existsExpressionFor(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, key, true)
+		guard, err := querybuilder.LogicalExistsExpr(ctx, orgID, startNs, endNs, m, logical, true)
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
@@ -427,6 +500,15 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) ColumnExpressionFor(
 	return fmt.Sprintf("multiIf(%s, NULL)", strings.Join(args, ", ")), nil
 }
 
+// logicalIsTemporal reports whether the logical field resolves to a single time
+// column. A family is attribute-backed and never temporal.
+func (m *fieldMapper) logicalIsTemporal(ctx context.Context, startNs, endNs uint64, logical *telemetrytypes.LogicalField) (bool, error) {
+	if logical.IsFamily() {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	return m.columnIsTemporal(ctx, startNs, endNs, logical.Single())
+}
+
 // columnIsTemporal reports whether key resolves to a single time column, after evolution
 // selection. Multiple columns mean an attribute-map union, which is never temporal.
 func (m *fieldMapper) columnIsTemporal(ctx context.Context, startNs, endNs uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) (bool, error) {
@@ -522,7 +604,8 @@ func (m *fieldMapper) CandidateKeys(ctx context.Context, _ valuer.UUID, field *t
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m *fieldMapper) existsExpressionFor(
+// ExistsFor implements the per-key existence primitive of qbtypes.FieldMapper.
+func (m *fieldMapper) ExistsFor(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	orgID valuer.UUID,
 	tsStart, tsEnd uint64,

pkg/telemetryschema/tracestelemetryschema/field_mapper_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package tracestelemetryschema
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ func TestGetFieldKeyName(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			fm := NewFieldMapper()
+			fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
 			result, err := fm.FieldFor(ctx, valuer.UUID{}, uint64(time.Date(2024, 6, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC).UnixNano()), uint64(time.Date(2024, 6, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC).UnixNano()), &tc.key)
 
 			if tc.expectedError != nil {
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ func TestFieldForResourceWithEvolution(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			fm := NewFieldMapper()
+			fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
 			result, err := fm.FieldFor(ctx, valuer.UUID{}, tc.tsStart, tc.tsEnd, &tc.key)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			assert.Equal(t, tc.expectedResult, result)
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ func TestColumnExpressionForTemporalColumn(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			fm := NewFieldMapper()
+			fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
 			result, err := fm.ColumnExpressionFor(ctx, valuer.UUID{}, tsStart, tsEnd, &tc.key, tc.requiredDataType, nil)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			assert.Equal(t, tc.expectedResult, result)
@@ -283,7 +284,7 @@ func TestColumnExpressionForTimestampAttributeCollision(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	fm := NewFieldMapper()
+	fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
 
 	t.Run("bare timestamp resolves to the intrinsic column alone", func(t *testing.T) {
 		bare := telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey{Name: "timestamp"}

pkg/telemetryschema/tracestelemetryschema/span_scope_simple_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package tracestelemetryschema
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/flagger/flaggertest"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/instrumentation/instrumentationtest"
@@ -14,8 +15,8 @@ import (
 
 func TestSpanScopeFilterExpression(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test that span scope fields work in filter expressions
-	fm := NewFieldMapper()
-	cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+	fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
+	cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm, flaggertest.New(t))
 
 	tests := []struct {
 		name              string
@@ -128,8 +129,8 @@ func TestSpanScopeWithResourceFilter(t *testing.T) {
 			// For now, just verify the expression parses correctly
 			// In a real implementation, we'd need to check that the resource filter
 			// is properly skipped when span scope fields are present
-			fm := NewFieldMapper()
-			cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm)
+			fm := NewFieldMapper(flaggertest.New(t))
+			cb := NewConditionBuilder(fm, flaggertest.New(t))
 
 			// Prepare field keys for the test
 			fieldKeys := make(map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey)

pkg/telemetryschema/tracestelemetryschema/test_data.go

@@ -113,6 +113,21 @@ func BuildCompleteFieldKeyMap(releaseTime time.Time) map[string][]*telemetrytype
 				FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeBool,
 			},
 		},
+		// both spellings of an enabled semantic-convention family
+		"deployment.environment.name": {
+			{
+				Name:          "deployment.environment.name",
+				FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+				FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			},
+		},
+		"deployment.environment": {
+			{
+				Name:          "deployment.environment",
+				FieldContext:  telemetrytypes.FieldContextResource,
+				FieldDataType: telemetrytypes.FieldDataTypeString,
+			},
+		},
 	}
 	for _, keys := range keysMap {
 		for _, key := range keys {

pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5/qb.go

@@ -18,7 +18,14 @@ var (
 	ErrUnsupportedOperator = errors.NewInvalidInputf(errors.CodeInvalidInput, "unsupported operator")
 )
 
-// FieldMapper maps the telemetry field key to the table field name.
+// FieldMapper is a signal's storage dialect: given a resolved physical key, it
+// renders how this signal's tables express that key — its value (FieldFor),
+// its presence (ExistsFor), and its backing columns (ColumnFor) — honoring
+// materialization and column-generation choices carried on the key.
+//
+// ColumnExpressionFor and CandidateKeys additionally carry per-signal
+// resolution behavior (unknown-name fallback, candidate ordering); they
+// predate the resolution layer and are slated to move behind it.
 type FieldMapper interface {
 	// FieldFor returns the field name for the given key.
 	FieldFor(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, tsStart, tsEnd uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) (string, error)
@@ -34,6 +41,11 @@ type FieldMapper interface {
 	// the name (or `{context}.{name}`) first, else synthesized type-variant keys for sources
 	// that support it, else nil (caller errors). value is the filter operand, nil otherwise.
 	CandidateKeys(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, field *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, value any, keys map[string][]*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey) []*telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey
+	// ExistsFor returns the existence predicate for a single physical key (negated when
+	// exists is false), self-contained and arg-free so it can guard column expressions.
+	// It is the per-member primitive querybuilder.LogicalExistsExpr and the numeric branch
+	// of querybuilder.LogicalValueExpr compose family expressions from.
+	ExistsFor(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, tsStart, tsEnd uint64, key *telemetrytypes.TelemetryFieldKey, exists bool) (string, error)
 }
 
 // ConditionBuilder builds the conditions for a filter term. The builder owns key resolution: