test: script to generate test dashboard data in a sql db

docs/api/openapi.yml

@@ -1035,6 +1035,18 @@ components:
       required:
       - config
       type: object
+    CommonDisplay:
+      properties:
+        description:
+          type: string
+        name:
+          type: string
+      type: object
+    CommonJSONRef:
+      properties:
+        $ref:
+          type: string
+      type: object
     ConfigAuthorization:
       properties:
         credentials:
@@ -1986,6 +1998,43 @@ components:
         to_user:
           type: string
       type: object
+    DashboardGridItem:
+      properties:
+        content:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonJSONRef'
+        height:
+          type: integer
+        width:
+          type: integer
+        x:
+          type: integer
+        "y":
+          type: integer
+      type: object
+    DashboardGridLayoutCollapse:
+      properties:
+        open:
+          type: boolean
+      type: object
+    DashboardGridLayoutDisplay:
+      properties:
+        collapse:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/DashboardGridLayoutCollapse'
+        title:
+          type: string
+      type: object
+    DashboardGridLayoutSpec:
+      properties:
+        display:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/DashboardGridLayoutDisplay'
+        items:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/DashboardGridItem'
+          nullable: true
+          type: array
+        repeatVariable:
+          type: string
+      type: object
     DashboardtypesDashboard:
       properties:
         createdAt:
@@ -2040,6 +2089,749 @@ components:
         timeRangeEnabled:
           type: boolean
       type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2Axes:
+      properties:
+        isLogScale:
+          type: boolean
+        softMax:
+          nullable: true
+          type: number
+        softMin:
+          nullable: true
+          type: number
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2BarChartPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        axes:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Axes'
+        formatting:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelFormatting'
+        legend:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Legend'
+        thresholds:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ThresholdWithLabel'
+          nullable: true
+          type: array
+        visualization:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2BarChartVisualization'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2BarChartVisualization:
+      properties:
+        fillSpans:
+          type: boolean
+        stackedBarChart:
+          type: boolean
+        timePreference:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TimePreference'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2BasicVisualization:
+      properties:
+        timePreference:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TimePreference'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2BuilderQuerySpec:
+      oneOf:
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderQueryGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5LogAggregation'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderQueryGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5MetricAggregation'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderQueryGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5TraceAggregation'
+    Dashboardtypesv2ComparisonOperator:
+      enum:
+      - '>'
+      - <
+      - '>='
+      - <=
+      - =
+      - above
+      - below
+      - above_or_equal
+      - below_or_equal
+      - equal
+      - not_equal
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2ComparisonThreshold:
+      properties:
+        color:
+          type: string
+        format:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ThresholdFormat'
+        operator:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ComparisonOperator'
+        unit:
+          type: string
+        value:
+          format: double
+          type: number
+      required:
+      - value
+      - color
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2CustomVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        customValue:
+          type: string
+      required:
+      - customValue
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2DashboardData:
+      properties:
+        datasources:
+          additionalProperties:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2DatasourceSpec'
+          type: object
+        display:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonDisplay'
+        duration:
+          type: string
+        layouts:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Layout'
+          nullable: true
+          type: array
+        links:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/V1Link'
+          type: array
+        panels:
+          additionalProperties:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Panel'
+          nullable: true
+          type: object
+        refreshInterval:
+          type: string
+        variables:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Variable'
+          type: array
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2DatasourcePlugin:
+      oneOf:
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2DatasourcePluginVariantStruct'
+    Dashboardtypesv2DatasourcePluginKind:
+      enum:
+      - signoz/Datasource
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2DatasourcePluginVariantStruct:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/Datasource
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          nullable: true
+          type: object
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2DatasourceSpec:
+      properties:
+        default:
+          type: boolean
+        display:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonDisplay'
+        plugin:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2DatasourcePlugin'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2DynamicVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        name:
+          type: string
+        signal:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/TelemetrytypesSignal'
+      required:
+      - name
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2FillMode:
+      enum:
+      - solid
+      - gradient
+      - none
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2HistogramBuckets:
+      properties:
+        bucketCount:
+          nullable: true
+          type: number
+        bucketWidth:
+          nullable: true
+          type: number
+        mergeAllActiveQueries:
+          type: boolean
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2HistogramPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        histogramBuckets:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2HistogramBuckets'
+        legend:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Legend'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2Layout:
+      oneOf:
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2LayoutEnvelopeGithubComPersesPersesPkgModelApiV1DashboardGridLayoutSpec'
+    Dashboardtypesv2LayoutEnvelopeGithubComPersesPersesPkgModelApiV1DashboardGridLayoutSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - Grid
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/DashboardGridLayoutSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2Legend:
+      properties:
+        customColors:
+          additionalProperties:
+            type: string
+          nullable: true
+          type: object
+        position:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2LegendPosition'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2LegendPosition:
+      enum:
+      - bottom
+      - right
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2LineInterpolation:
+      enum:
+      - linear
+      - spline
+      - step_after
+      - step_before
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2LineStyle:
+      enum:
+      - solid
+      - dashed
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2ListPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        selectFields:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/TelemetrytypesTelemetryFieldKey'
+          type: array
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2ListVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        allowAllValue:
+          type: boolean
+        allowMultiple:
+          type: boolean
+        capturingRegexp:
+          type: string
+        customAllValue:
+          type: string
+        defaultValue:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/VariableDefaultValue'
+        display:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/VariableDisplay'
+        name:
+          type: string
+        plugin:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2VariablePlugin'
+        sort:
+          nullable: true
+          type: string
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2NumberPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        formatting:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelFormatting'
+        thresholds:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ComparisonThreshold'
+          nullable: true
+          type: array
+        visualization:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2BasicVisualization'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2Panel:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelSpec'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelFormatting:
+      properties:
+        decimalPrecision:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PrecisionOption'
+        unit:
+          type: string
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPlugin:
+      oneOf:
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesPanelSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2BarChartPanelSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2NumberPanelSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2PieChartPanelSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TablePanelSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2HistogramPanelSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2ListPanelSpec'
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginKind:
+      enum:
+      - signoz/TimeSeriesPanel
+      - signoz/BarChartPanel
+      - signoz/NumberPanel
+      - signoz/PieChartPanel
+      - signoz/TablePanel
+      - signoz/HistogramPanel
+      - signoz/ListPanel
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2BarChartPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/BarChartPanel
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2BarChartPanelSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2HistogramPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/HistogramPanel
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2HistogramPanelSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2ListPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/ListPanel
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ListPanelSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2NumberPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/NumberPanel
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2NumberPanelSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2PieChartPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/PieChartPanel
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PieChartPanelSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TablePanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/TablePanel
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TablePanelSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/TimeSeriesPanel
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesPanelSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        display:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/V1PanelDisplay'
+        links:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/V1Link'
+          type: array
+        plugin:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelPlugin'
+        queries:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Query'
+          type: array
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PieChartPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        formatting:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelFormatting'
+        legend:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Legend'
+        visualization:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2BasicVisualization'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2PrecisionOption:
+      enum:
+      - "0"
+      - "1"
+      - "2"
+      - "3"
+      - "4"
+      - full
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2Query:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QuerySpec'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPlugin:
+      oneOf:
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2BuilderQuerySpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5CompositeQuery'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderFormula'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5PromQuery'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5ClickHouseQuery'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderTraceOperator'
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginKind:
+      enum:
+      - signoz/BuilderQuery
+      - signoz/CompositeQuery
+      - signoz/Formula
+      - signoz/PromQLQuery
+      - signoz/ClickHouseSQL
+      - signoz/TraceOperator
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2BuilderQuerySpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/BuilderQuery
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2BuilderQuerySpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5ClickHouseQuery:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/ClickHouseSQL
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5ClickHouseQuery'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5CompositeQuery:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/CompositeQuery
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5CompositeQuery'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5PromQuery:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/PromQLQuery
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5PromQuery'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderFormula:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/Formula
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderFormula'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryPluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesQuerybuildertypesQuerybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderTraceOperator:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/TraceOperator
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Querybuildertypesv5QueryBuilderTraceOperator'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QuerySpec:
+      properties:
+        name:
+          type: string
+        plugin:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryPlugin'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2QueryVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        queryValue:
+          type: string
+      required:
+      - queryValue
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2SpanGaps:
+      properties:
+        fillLessThan:
+          type: string
+        fillOnlyBelow:
+          type: boolean
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TableFormatting:
+      properties:
+        columnUnits:
+          additionalProperties:
+            type: string
+          nullable: true
+          type: object
+        decimalPrecision:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PrecisionOption'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TablePanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        formatting:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TableFormatting'
+        thresholds:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TableThreshold'
+          nullable: true
+          type: array
+        visualization:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2BasicVisualization'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TableThreshold:
+      properties:
+        color:
+          type: string
+        columnName:
+          type: string
+        format:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ThresholdFormat'
+        operator:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ComparisonOperator'
+        unit:
+          type: string
+        value:
+          format: double
+          type: number
+      required:
+      - value
+      - color
+      - columnName
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TextVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        constant:
+          type: boolean
+        display:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/VariableDisplay'
+        name:
+          type: string
+        value:
+          type: string
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TextboxVariableSpec:
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2ThresholdFormat:
+      enum:
+      - text
+      - background
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2ThresholdWithLabel:
+      properties:
+        color:
+          type: string
+        label:
+          type: string
+        unit:
+          type: string
+        value:
+          format: double
+          type: number
+      required:
+      - value
+      - color
+      - label
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TimePreference:
+      enum:
+      - global_time
+      - last_5_min
+      - last_15_min
+      - last_30_min
+      - last_1_hr
+      - last_6_hr
+      - last_1_day
+      - last_3_days
+      - last_1_week
+      - last_1_month
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesChartAppearance:
+      properties:
+        fillMode:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2FillMode'
+        lineInterpolation:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2LineInterpolation'
+        lineStyle:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2LineStyle'
+        showPoints:
+          type: boolean
+        spanGaps:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2SpanGaps'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesPanelSpec:
+      properties:
+        axes:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Axes'
+        chartAppearance:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesChartAppearance'
+        formatting:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2PanelFormatting'
+        legend:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2Legend'
+        thresholds:
+          items:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ThresholdWithLabel'
+          nullable: true
+          type: array
+        visualization:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesVisualization'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2TimeSeriesVisualization:
+      properties:
+        fillSpans:
+          type: boolean
+        timePreference:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TimePreference'
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2Variable:
+      oneOf:
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2VariableEnvelopeGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2ListVariableSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2VariableEnvelopeGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TextVariableSpec'
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariableEnvelopeGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2ListVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - ListVariable
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2ListVariableSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariableEnvelopeGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TextVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - TextVariable
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TextVariableSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariablePlugin:
+      oneOf:
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2DynamicVariableSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2QueryVariableSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2CustomVariableSpec'
+      - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TextboxVariableSpec'
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginKind:
+      enum:
+      - signoz/DynamicVariable
+      - signoz/QueryVariable
+      - signoz/CustomVariable
+      - signoz/TextboxVariable
+      type: string
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2CustomVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/CustomVariable
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2CustomVariableSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2DynamicVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/DynamicVariable
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2DynamicVariableSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2QueryVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/QueryVariable
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2QueryVariableSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
+    Dashboardtypesv2VariablePluginVariantGithubComSigNozSignozPkgTypesDashboardtypesDashboardtypesv2TextboxVariableSpec:
+      properties:
+        kind:
+          enum:
+          - signoz/TextboxVariable
+          type: string
+        spec:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2TextboxVariableSpec'
+      required:
+      - kind
+      - spec
+      type: object
     ErrorsJSON:
       properties:
         code:
@@ -4551,6 +5343,37 @@ components:
       required:
       - id
       type: object
+    V1Link:
+      properties:
+        name:
+          type: string
+        renderVariables:
+          type: boolean
+        targetBlank:
+          type: boolean
+        tooltip:
+          type: string
+        url:
+          type: string
+      type: object
+    V1PanelDisplay:
+      properties:
+        description:
+          type: string
+        name:
+          type: string
+      type: object
+    VariableDefaultValue:
+      type: object
+    VariableDisplay:
+      properties:
+        description:
+          type: string
+        hidden:
+          type: boolean
+        name:
+          type: string
+      type: object
     ZeustypesGettableHost:
       properties:
         hosts:
@@ -9345,6 +10168,58 @@ paths:
       summary: Update user preference
       tags:
       - preferences
+  /api/v2/dashboards:
+    post:
+      deprecated: false
+      description: 'TEMP: dummy endpoint to exercise v2 spec shape while we iterate
+        on plugin schema.'
+      operationId: CreateDashboardV2
+      requestBody:
+        content:
+          application/json:
+            schema:
+              $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2DashboardData'
+      responses:
+        "201":
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                properties:
+                  data:
+                    $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dashboardtypesv2DashboardData'
+                  status:
+                    type: string
+                required:
+                - status
+                - data
+                type: object
+          description: Created
+        "401":
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RenderErrorResponse'
+          description: Unauthorized
+        "403":
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RenderErrorResponse'
+          description: Forbidden
+        "500":
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RenderErrorResponse'
+          description: Internal Server Error
+      security:
+      - api_key:
+        - ADMIN
+      - tokenizer:
+        - ADMIN
+      summary: Create dashboard v2
+      tags:
+      - dashboard
   /api/v2/factor_password/forgot:
     post:
       deprecated: false

pkg/apiserver/signozapiserver/dashboard.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/authtypes"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
 	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
@@ -137,5 +138,25 @@ func (provider *provider) addDashboardRoutes(router *mux.Router) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	// TEMP dummy route to exercise the dashboard v2 schema in OpenAPI generation.
+	// Handler function is not invoked at spec-gen time; only OpenAPIDef types are
+	// walked. Reuses provider.dashboardHandler.Create to avoid wiring a real handler.
+	if err := router.Handle("/api/v2/dashboards", handler.New(provider.authZ.AdminAccess(provider.dashboardHandler.Create), handler.OpenAPIDef{
+		ID:                  "CreateDashboardV2",
+		Tags:                []string{"dashboard"},
+		Summary:             "Create dashboard v2",
+		Description:         "TEMP: dummy endpoint to exercise v2 spec shape while we iterate on plugin schema.",
+		Request:             new(dashboardtypesv2.DashboardData),
+		RequestContentType:  "application/json",
+		Response:            new(dashboardtypesv2.DashboardData),
+		ResponseContentType: "application/json",
+		SuccessStatusCode:   http.StatusCreated,
+		ErrorStatusCodes:    []int{},
+		Deprecated:          false,
+		SecuritySchemes:     newSecuritySchemes(types.RoleAdmin),
+	})).Methods(http.MethodPost).GetError(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboard_v2.go

@@ -1,262 +0,0 @@
-package dashboardtypes
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"slices"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
-	qb "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
-	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
-	v1 "github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1"
-	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/common"
-	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/dashboard"
-)
-
-// StorableDashboardDataV2 wraps v1.DashboardSpec (Perses) with additional SigNoz-specific fields.
-//
-// We embed DashboardSpec (not v1.Dashboard) to avoid carrying Perses's Metadata
-// (Name, Project, CreatedAt, UpdatedAt, Tags, Version) and Kind field. SigNoz
-// manages identity (ID), timestamps (TimeAuditable), and multi-tenancy (OrgID)
-// separately on StorableDashboardV2/DashboardV2.
-//
-// The following v1 request fields map to locations inside v1.DashboardSpec:
-//   - title       → Display.Name          (common.Display)
-//   - description → Display.Description   (common.Display)
-//
-// Fields that have no Perses equivalent will be added in this wrapper (like image, uploadGrafana, etc.)
-type StorableDashboardDataV2 = v1.DashboardSpec
-
-// UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON unmarshals the JSON into a StorableDashboardDataV2
-// (= PostableDashboardV2 = UpdatableDashboardV2) and validates plugin kinds and specs.
-func UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data []byte) (*StorableDashboardDataV2, error) {
-	var d StorableDashboardDataV2
-	// Note: DashboardSpec has a custom UnmarshalJSON which prevents
-	// DisallowUnknownFields from working at the top level. Unknown
-	// fields in plugin specs are still rejected by validateAndNormalizePluginSpec.
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &d); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if err := validateDashboardV2(d); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &d, nil
-}
-
-// Plugin kind → spec type factory. Each value is a pointer to the zero value of the
-// expected spec struct. validatePluginSpec marshals plugin.Spec back to JSON and
-// unmarshals into the typed struct to catch field-level errors.
-var (
-	panelPluginSpecs = map[PanelPluginKind]func() any{
-		PanelKindTimeSeries: func() any { return new(TimeSeriesPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindBarChart:   func() any { return new(BarChartPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindNumber:     func() any { return new(NumberPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindPieChart:   func() any { return new(PieChartPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindTable:      func() any { return new(TablePanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindHistogram:  func() any { return new(HistogramPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindList:       func() any { return new(ListPanelSpec) },
-	}
-	queryPluginSpecs = map[QueryPluginKind]func() any{
-		QueryKindBuilder:       func() any { return new(BuilderQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindComposite:     func() any { return new(CompositeQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindFormula:       func() any { return new(FormulaSpec) },
-		QueryKindPromQL:        func() any { return new(PromQLQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindClickHouseSQL: func() any { return new(ClickHouseSQLQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindTraceOperator: func() any { return new(TraceOperatorSpec) },
-	}
-	variablePluginSpecs = map[VariablePluginKind]func() any{
-		VariableKindDynamic: func() any { return new(DynamicVariableSpec) },
-		VariableKindQuery:   func() any { return new(QueryVariableSpec) },
-		VariableKindCustom:  func() any { return new(CustomVariableSpec) },
-		VariableKindTextbox: func() any { return new(TextboxVariableSpec) },
-	}
-	datasourcePluginSpecs = map[DatasourcePluginKind]func() any{
-		DatasourceKindSigNoz: func() any { return new(struct{}) },
-	}
-
-	// allowedQueryKinds maps each panel plugin kind to the query plugin
-	// kinds it supports. Composite sub-query types are mapped to these
-	// same kind strings via compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind.
-	allowedQueryKinds = map[PanelPluginKind][]QueryPluginKind{
-		PanelKindTimeSeries: {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindBarChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindNumber:     {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindHistogram:  {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindPieChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindTable:      {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindList:       {QueryKindBuilder},
-	}
-
-	// compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind maps CompositeQuery sub-query type
-	// strings to the equivalent top-level query plugin kind for validation.
-	compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind = map[qb.QueryType]QueryPluginKind{
-		qb.QueryTypeBuilder:       QueryKindBuilder,
-		qb.QueryTypeFormula:       QueryKindFormula,
-		qb.QueryTypeTraceOperator: QueryKindTraceOperator,
-		qb.QueryTypePromQL:        QueryKindPromQL,
-		qb.QueryTypeClickHouseSQL: QueryKindClickHouseSQL,
-	}
-)
-
-func validateDashboardV2(d StorableDashboardDataV2) error {
-	for name, ds := range d.Datasources {
-		if err := validateDatasourcePlugin(&ds.Plugin, fmt.Sprintf("spec.datasources.%s.plugin", name)); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	for i, v := range d.Variables {
-		if err := validateVariablePlugin(v, fmt.Sprintf("spec.variables[%d]", i)); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	for key, panel := range d.Panels {
-		if panel == nil {
-			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "spec.panels.%s: panel must not be null", key)
-		}
-		path := fmt.Sprintf("spec.panels.%s", key)
-		if err := validatePanelPlugin(&panel.Spec.Plugin, path+".spec.plugin"); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		panelKind := PanelPluginKind(panel.Spec.Plugin.Kind)
-		allowed := allowedQueryKinds[panelKind]
-		for qi := range panel.Spec.Queries {
-			queryPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s.spec.queries[%d].spec.plugin", path, qi)
-			if err := validateQueryPlugin(&panel.Spec.Queries[qi].Spec.Plugin, queryPath); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			if err := validateQueryAllowedForPanel(panel.Spec.Queries[qi].Spec.Plugin, allowed, panelKind, queryPath); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateDatasourcePlugin(plugin *common.Plugin, path string) error {
-	kind := DatasourcePluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	factory, ok := datasourcePluginSpecs[kind]
-	if !ok {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: unknown datasource plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", path, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-	}
-	return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin, factory, path)
-}
-
-func validateVariablePlugin(v dashboard.Variable, path string) error {
-	switch spec := v.Spec.(type) {
-	case *dashboard.ListVariableSpec:
-		pluginPath := path + ".spec.plugin"
-		kind := VariablePluginKind(spec.Plugin.Kind)
-		factory, ok := variablePluginSpecs[kind]
-		if !ok {
-			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-				"%s: unknown variable plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", pluginPath, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-		}
-		return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(&spec.Plugin, factory, pluginPath)
-	case *dashboard.TextVariableSpec:
-		// TextVariables have no plugin, nothing to validate.
-		return nil
-	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s: unsupported variable kind %q", path, v.Kind)
-	}
-}
-
-func validatePanelPlugin(plugin *common.Plugin, path string) error {
-	kind := PanelPluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	factory, ok := panelPluginSpecs[kind]
-	if !ok {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: unknown panel plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", path, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-	}
-	return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin, factory, path)
-}
-
-func validateQueryPlugin(plugin *common.Plugin, path string) error {
-	kind := QueryPluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	factory, ok := queryPluginSpecs[kind]
-	if !ok {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: unknown query plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", path, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-	}
-	return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin, factory, path)
-}
-
-func formatEnum(values []any) string {
-	parts := make([]string, len(values))
-	for i, v := range values {
-		parts[i] = fmt.Sprintf("`%v`", v)
-	}
-	return strings.Join(parts, ", ")
-}
-
-// validateAndNormalizePluginSpec validates the plugin spec and writes the typed
-// struct (with defaults) back into plugin.Spec so that DB storage and API
-// responses contain normalized values.
-func validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin *common.Plugin, factory func() any, path string) error {
-	if plugin.Kind == "" {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s: plugin kind is required", path)
-	}
-	if plugin.Spec == nil {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s: plugin spec is required", path)
-	}
-	// Re-marshal the spec and unmarshal into the typed struct.
-	specJSON, err := json.Marshal(plugin.Spec)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-	}
-	target := factory()
-	decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(specJSON))
-	decoder.DisallowUnknownFields()
-	if err := decoder.Decode(target); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-	}
-	if err := validator.New().Struct(target); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-	}
-	// Write the typed struct back so defaults are included.
-	plugin.Spec = target
-	return nil
-}
-
-// validateQueryAllowedForPanel checks that the query plugin kind is permitted
-// for the given panel. For composite queries it recurses into sub-queries.
-func validateQueryAllowedForPanel(plugin common.Plugin, allowed []QueryPluginKind, panelKind PanelPluginKind, path string) error {
-	queryKind := QueryPluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	if !slices.Contains(allowed, queryKind) {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: query kind %q is not supported by panel kind %q", path, queryKind, panelKind)
-	}
-
-	// For composite queries, validate each sub-query type.
-	if queryKind == QueryKindComposite && plugin.Spec != nil {
-		specJSON, err := json.Marshal(plugin.Spec)
-		if err != nil {
-			return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-		}
-		var composite struct {
-			Queries []struct {
-				Type qb.QueryType `json:"type"`
-			} `json:"queries"`
-		}
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(specJSON, &composite); err != nil {
-			return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-		}
-		for si, sub := range composite.Queries {
-			pluginKind, ok := compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind[sub.Type]
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-			if !slices.Contains(allowed, pluginKind) {
-				return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-					"%s.spec.queries[%d]: sub-query type %q is not supported by panel kind %q",
-					path, si, sub.Type, panelKind)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/dashboard.go

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+package dashboardtypesv2
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
+	qb "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
+	v1 "github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/common"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/dashboard"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/variable"
+)
+
+// DashboardData is the SigNoz dashboard v2 spec shape. It mirrors
+// v1.DashboardSpec (Perses) field-for-field, except every common.Plugin
+// occurrence is replaced with a typed SigNoz plugin whose OpenAPI schema is a
+// per-site discriminated oneOf.
+//
+// Drift against Perses is guarded by TestDashboardDataMatchesPerses.
+// Leaf types (common.Display, v1.Link, dashboard.Layout, variable.*) are reused
+// directly — changes in those flow through automatically, and breaking changes
+// surface as compile errors in code that uses them.
+type DashboardData struct {
+	Display         *common.Display            `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Datasources     map[string]*DatasourceSpec `json:"datasources,omitempty"`
+	Variables       []Variable                 `json:"variables,omitempty"`
+	Panels          map[string]*Panel          `json:"panels"`
+	Layouts         []Layout                   `json:"layouts"`
+	Duration        common.DurationString      `json:"duration"`
+	RefreshInterval common.DurationString      `json:"refreshInterval,omitempty"`
+	Links           []v1.Link                  `json:"links,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Panel
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type Panel struct {
+	Kind string    `json:"kind"`
+	Spec PanelSpec `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+type PanelSpec struct {
+	Display *v1.PanelDisplay `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Plugin  PanelPlugin      `json:"plugin"`
+	Queries []Query          `json:"queries,omitempty"`
+	Links   []v1.Link        `json:"links,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Query
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type Query struct {
+	Kind string    `json:"kind"`
+	Spec QuerySpec `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+type QuerySpec struct {
+	Name   string      `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Plugin QueryPlugin `json:"plugin"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Variable
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+// Variable is the list/text sum type. Spec is set to *ListVariableSpec or
+// *TextVariableSpec by UnmarshalJSON based on Kind. The schema is a
+// discriminated oneOf (see JSONSchemaOneOf).
+type Variable struct {
+	Kind variable.Kind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any           `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+// ListVariableSpec mirrors dashboard.ListVariableSpec (variable.ListSpec
+// fields + Name) but with a typed VariablePlugin replacing common.Plugin.
+type ListVariableSpec struct {
+	Display         *variable.Display      `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	DefaultValue    *variable.DefaultValue `json:"defaultValue,omitempty"`
+	AllowAllValue   bool                   `json:"allowAllValue"`
+	AllowMultiple   bool                   `json:"allowMultiple"`
+	CustomAllValue  string                 `json:"customAllValue,omitempty"`
+	CapturingRegexp string                 `json:"capturingRegexp,omitempty"`
+	Sort            *variable.Sort         `json:"sort,omitempty"`
+	Plugin          VariablePlugin         `json:"plugin"`
+	Name            string                 `json:"name"`
+}
+
+// TextVariableSpec mirrors dashboard.TextVariableSpec (variable.TextSpec +
+// Name). No plugin.
+type TextVariableSpec struct {
+	Display  *variable.Display `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Value    string            `json:"value"`
+	Constant bool              `json:"constant,omitempty"`
+	Name     string            `json:"name"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Layout
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+// Layout is the dashboard layout sum type. Spec is populated by UnmarshalJSON
+// with the concrete layout spec struct (today only dashboard.GridLayoutSpec)
+// based on Kind. No plugin is involved, so we reuse the Perses spec types as
+// leaf imports.
+type Layout struct {
+	Kind dashboard.LayoutKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any                  `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Datasource
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type DatasourceSpec struct {
+	Display *common.Display  `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Default bool             `json:"default"`
+	Plugin  DatasourcePlugin `json:"plugin"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Unmarshal + validate entry point
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+// UnmarshalAndValidateJSON unmarshals the JSON into a
+// DashboardData and validates cross-field rules. Plugin kind and
+// plugin-spec shape are already enforced by the typed plugin UnmarshalJSON
+// paths, so only rules that can't be expressed in the type system run here.
+func UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data []byte) (*DashboardData, error) {
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(data))
+	dec.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	var d DashboardData
+	if err := dec.Decode(&d); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := validateDashboard(d); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &d, nil
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Plugin kind → spec factory maps
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+// Each plugin's UnmarshalJSON uses its factory map to instantiate a typed
+// Spec based on the Kind field. Single source of truth for "which kinds
+// exist" — JSONSchemaOneOf iterates the same maps.
+var (
+	panelPluginSpecs = map[PanelPluginKind]func() any{
+		PanelKindTimeSeries: func() any { return new(TimeSeriesPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindBarChart:   func() any { return new(BarChartPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindNumber:     func() any { return new(NumberPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindPieChart:   func() any { return new(PieChartPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindTable:      func() any { return new(TablePanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindHistogram:  func() any { return new(HistogramPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindList:       func() any { return new(ListPanelSpec) },
+	}
+	queryPluginSpecs = map[QueryPluginKind]func() any{
+		QueryKindBuilder:       func() any { return new(BuilderQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindComposite:     func() any { return new(CompositeQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindFormula:       func() any { return new(FormulaSpec) },
+		QueryKindPromQL:        func() any { return new(PromQLQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindClickHouseSQL: func() any { return new(ClickHouseSQLQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindTraceOperator: func() any { return new(TraceOperatorSpec) },
+	}
+	variablePluginSpecs = map[VariablePluginKind]func() any{
+		VariableKindDynamic: func() any { return new(DynamicVariableSpec) },
+		VariableKindQuery:   func() any { return new(QueryVariableSpec) },
+		VariableKindCustom:  func() any { return new(CustomVariableSpec) },
+		VariableKindTextbox: func() any { return new(TextboxVariableSpec) },
+	}
+	datasourcePluginSpecs = map[DatasourcePluginKind]func() any{
+		DatasourceKindSigNoz: func() any { return new(struct{}) },
+	}
+
+	// layoutSpecs is the layout sum type factory. Perses only defines
+	// KindGridLayout today; adding a new kind upstream surfaces as an
+	// "unknown layout kind" runtime error here until we add it.
+	layoutSpecs = map[dashboard.LayoutKind]func() any{
+		dashboard.KindGridLayout: func() any { return new(dashboard.GridLayoutSpec) },
+	}
+
+	// allowedQueryKinds maps each panel plugin kind to the query plugin
+	// kinds it supports. Composite sub-query types are mapped to these
+	// same kind strings via compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind.
+	allowedQueryKinds = map[PanelPluginKind][]QueryPluginKind{
+		PanelKindTimeSeries: {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindBarChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindNumber:     {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindHistogram:  {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindPieChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindTable:      {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindList:       {QueryKindBuilder},
+	}
+
+	// compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind maps CompositeQuery sub-query type
+	// strings to the equivalent top-level query plugin kind for validation.
+	compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind = map[qb.QueryType]QueryPluginKind{
+		qb.QueryTypeBuilder:       QueryKindBuilder,
+		qb.QueryTypeFormula:       QueryKindFormula,
+		qb.QueryTypeTraceOperator: QueryKindTraceOperator,
+		qb.QueryTypePromQL:        QueryKindPromQL,
+		qb.QueryTypeClickHouseSQL: QueryKindClickHouseSQL,
+	}
+)
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Cross-field validation
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+func validateDashboard(d DashboardData) error {
+	for key, panel := range d.Panels {
+		if panel == nil {
+			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "spec.panels.%s: panel must not be null", key)
+		}
+		path := fmt.Sprintf("spec.panels.%s", key)
+		panelKind := panel.Spec.Plugin.Kind
+		allowed := allowedQueryKinds[panelKind]
+		for qi, q := range panel.Spec.Queries {
+			queryPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s.spec.queries[%d].spec.plugin", path, qi)
+			if err := validateQueryAllowedForPanel(q.Spec.Plugin, allowed, panelKind, queryPath); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validateQueryAllowedForPanel checks that the query plugin kind is permitted
+// for the given panel. For composite queries it recurses into sub-queries.
+func validateQueryAllowedForPanel(plugin QueryPlugin, allowed []QueryPluginKind, panelKind PanelPluginKind, path string) error {
+	if !slices.Contains(allowed, plugin.Kind) {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
+			"%s: query kind %q is not supported by panel kind %q", path, plugin.Kind, panelKind)
+	}
+
+	if plugin.Kind != QueryKindComposite {
+		return nil
+	}
+	composite, ok := plugin.Spec.(*CompositeQuerySpec)
+	if !ok || composite == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	specJSON, err := json.Marshal(composite)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
+	}
+	var subs struct {
+		Queries []struct {
+			Type qb.QueryType `json:"type"`
+		} `json:"queries"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(specJSON, &subs); err != nil {
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
+	}
+	for si, sub := range subs.Queries {
+		subKind, ok := compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind[sub.Type]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !slices.Contains(allowed, subKind) {
+			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
+				"%s.spec.queries[%d]: sub-query type %q is not supported by panel kind %q",
+				path, si, sub.Type, panelKind)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/dashboard_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package dashboardtypes
+package dashboardtypesv2
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -14,26 +14,26 @@ import (
 func TestValidateBigExample(t *testing.T) {
 	data, err := os.ReadFile("testdata/perses.json")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "reading example file")
-	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid dashboard")
 }
 
 func TestValidateDashboardWithSections(t *testing.T) {
 	data, err := os.ReadFile("testdata/perses_with_sections.json")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "reading example file")
-	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid dashboard")
 }
 
 func TestInvalidateNotAJSON(t *testing.T) {
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte("not json"))
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte("not json"))
 	require.Error(t, err, "expected error for invalid JSON")
 }
 
 func TestValidateEmptySpec(t *testing.T) {
 	// no variables no panels
 	data := []byte(`{}`)
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid")
 }
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func TestValidateOnlyVariables(t *testing.T) {
 		],
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid")
 }
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ func TestInvalidateUnknownPluginKind(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error containing %q, got nil", tt.wantContain)
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func TestInvalidateOneInvalidPanel(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.Error(t, err, "expected error for invalid panel plugin kind")
 	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "FakePanel", "error should mention FakePanel")
 }
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ func TestRejectUnknownFieldsInPluginSpec(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error for unknown field")
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ func TestInvalidateWrongFieldTypeInPluginSpec(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected validation error")
 			if tt.wantContain != "" {
 				require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ func TestInvalidateBadPanelSpecValues(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error containing %q, got nil", tt.wantContain)
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ func TestValidateRequiredFields(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error containing %q, got nil", tt.wantContain)
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ func TestTimeSeriesPanelDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal and validate failed")
 
 	// After validation+normalization, the plugin spec should be a typed struct.
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ func TestNumberPanelDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal and validate failed")
 
 	require.IsType(t, &NumberPanelSpec{}, d.Panels["p1"].Spec.Plugin.Spec)
@@ -745,7 +745,7 @@ func TestStorageRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 	}`)
 
 	// Step 1: Unmarshal + validate + normalize (what the API handler does).
-	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(input)
+	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(input)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal and validate failed")
 
 	// Step 1.5: Verify struct fields have correct defaults (extra validation before storing).
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ func TestStorageRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "marshal for storage failed")
 
 	// Step 3: Unmarshal from JSON (simulates reading from DB).
-	loaded, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(stored)
+	loaded, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(stored)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal from storage failed")
 
 	// Step 3.5: Verify struct fields have correct defaults after loading (before returning in API).
@@ -878,7 +878,7 @@ func TestPanelTypeQueryTypeCompatibility(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(tc.data)
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(tc.data)
 			if tc.wantErr {
 				require.Error(t, err)
 			} else {

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/drift_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package dashboardtypesv2
+
+// TestDashboardDataMatchesPerses asserts that DashboardData
+// and every nested SigNoz-owned type cover the JSON field set of their Perses
+// counterpart. It fails loud if Perses adds, renames, or removes a field
+// upstream — turning silent drift into a CI signal on the next Perses bump.
+//
+// The test does NOT check field *types* (plugin fields intentionally diverge:
+// our typed plugins vs Perses's common.Plugin). It only checks that every
+// json-tagged field in the Perses struct exists in ours under the same tag.
+//
+// Wrapper types we re-derive (variable.ListSpec is flattened into our
+// ListVariableSpec, same for TextSpec) are compared against the flattened
+// field set.
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	v1 "github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/dashboard"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestDashboardDataMatchesPerses(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name   string
+		ours   reflect.Type
+		perses reflect.Type
+	}{
+		{"DashboardSpec", typeOf[DashboardData](), typeOf[v1.DashboardSpec]()},
+		{"PanelSpec", typeOf[PanelSpec](), typeOf[v1.PanelSpec]()},
+		{"QuerySpec", typeOf[QuerySpec](), typeOf[v1.QuerySpec]()},
+		{"DatasourceSpec", typeOf[DatasourceSpec](), typeOf[v1.DatasourceSpec]()},
+		// ListVariableSpec/TextVariableSpec embed variable.ListSpec/TextSpec
+		// plus a Name field. We flatten the Perses shape to compare.
+		{"ListVariableSpec", typeOf[ListVariableSpec](), typeOf[dashboard.ListVariableSpec]()},
+		{"TextVariableSpec", typeOf[TextVariableSpec](), typeOf[dashboard.TextVariableSpec]()},
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ours := jsonFields(c.ours)
+			perses := jsonFields(c.perses)
+
+			missing := sortedDiff(perses, ours)
+			extra := sortedDiff(ours, perses)
+
+			assert.Empty(t, missing,
+				"DashboardData (%s) is missing json fields present on Perses %s — upstream likely added or renamed a field",
+				c.ours.Name(), c.perses.Name())
+			assert.Empty(t, extra,
+				"DashboardData (%s) has json fields absent on Perses %s — upstream likely removed a field or we added one without the counterpart",
+				c.ours.Name(), c.perses.Name())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// jsonFields returns the set of json tag names for a struct, flattening
+// anonymous embedded fields (matching encoding/json behavior).
+func jsonFields(t reflect.Type) map[string]struct{} {
+	out := map[string]struct{}{}
+	if t.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return out
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < t.NumField(); i++ {
+		f := t.Field(i)
+		// Skip unexported fields (e.g., dashboard.TextVariableSpec has an
+		// unexported `variableSpec` interface tag).
+		if !f.IsExported() && !f.Anonymous {
+			continue
+		}
+		tag := f.Tag.Get("json")
+		name := strings.Split(tag, ",")[0]
+		// Anonymous embed with empty json name (no tag, or `json:",inline"` /
+		// `json:",omitempty"`-style options-only tag) is flattened by encoding/json.
+		if f.Anonymous && name == "" {
+			for k := range jsonFields(f.Type) {
+				out[k] = struct{}{}
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if tag == "-" || name == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		out[name] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// sortedDiff returns keys in a but not in b, sorted.
+func sortedDiff(a, b map[string]struct{}) []string {
+	var diff []string
+	for k := range a {
+		if _, ok := b[k]; !ok {
+			diff = append(diff, k)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(diff)
+	return diff
+}
+
+func typeOf[T any]() reflect.Type { return reflect.TypeOf((*T)(nil)).Elem() }

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/plugin_specs.go

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
-package dashboardtypes
+package dashboardtypesv2
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
 	qb "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/swaggest/jsonschema-go"
 )
 
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
@@ -81,12 +83,28 @@ type BuilderQuerySpec struct {
 func (b *BuilderQuerySpec) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	spec, err := qb.UnmarshalBuilderQueryBySignal(data)
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid builder query spec")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid builder query spec")
 	}
 	b.Spec = spec
 	return nil
 }
 
+// PrepareJSONSchema drops the reflected struct shape so only the
+// JSONSchemaOneOf result binds.
+func (BuilderQuerySpec) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+// JSONSchemaOneOf exposes the three signal-dispatched shapes a builder query
+// can take. Mirrors qb.UnmarshalBuilderQueryBySignal's runtime dispatch.
+func (BuilderQuerySpec) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		qb.QueryBuilderQuery[qb.LogAggregation]{},
+		qb.QueryBuilderQuery[qb.MetricAggregation]{},
+		qb.QueryBuilderQuery[qb.TraceAggregation]{},
+	}
+}
+
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
 // SigNoz panel plugin specs
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
@@ -272,7 +290,7 @@ func (t TimePreference) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (t *TimePreference) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference: must be a string, one of `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference: must be a string, one of `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*t = TimePreferenceGlobalTime
@@ -284,7 +302,7 @@ func (t *TimePreference) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*t = tp
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference %q: must be `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference %q: must be `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -313,7 +331,7 @@ func (l LegendPosition) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (l *LegendPosition) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position: must be a string, one of `bottom` or `right`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position: must be a string, one of `bottom` or `right`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*l = LegendPositionBottom
@@ -325,7 +343,7 @@ func (l *LegendPosition) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*l = lp
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position %q: must be `bottom` or `right`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position %q: must be `bottom` or `right`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -354,7 +372,7 @@ func (f ThresholdFormat) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (f *ThresholdFormat) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format: must be a string, one of `text` or `background`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format: must be a string, one of `text` or `background`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*f = ThresholdFormatText
@@ -366,7 +384,7 @@ func (f *ThresholdFormat) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*f = tf
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format %q: must be `text` or `background`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format %q: must be `text` or `background`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -406,7 +424,7 @@ func (o ComparisonOperator) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (o *ComparisonOperator) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator: must be a string, one of `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator: must be a string, one of `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*o = ComparisonOperatorGT
@@ -420,7 +438,7 @@ func (o *ComparisonOperator) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*o = co
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator %q: must be `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator %q: must be `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -451,7 +469,7 @@ func (li LineInterpolation) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (li *LineInterpolation) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation: must be a string, one of `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation: must be a string, one of `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*li = LineInterpolationSpline
@@ -463,7 +481,7 @@ func (li *LineInterpolation) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*li = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation %q: must be `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation %q: must be `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -492,7 +510,7 @@ func (ls LineStyle) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (ls *LineStyle) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style: must be a string, one of `solid` or `dashed`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style: must be a string, one of `solid` or `dashed`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*ls = LineStyleSolid
@@ -504,7 +522,7 @@ func (ls *LineStyle) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*ls = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style %q: must be `solid` or `dashed`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style %q: must be `solid` or `dashed`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -534,7 +552,7 @@ func (fm FillMode) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (fm *FillMode) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode: must be a string, one of `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode: must be a string, one of `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*fm = FillModeSolid
@@ -546,7 +564,7 @@ func (fm *FillMode) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*fm = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode %q: must be `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode %q: must be `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -593,12 +611,12 @@ func (p *PrecisionOption) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 			p.String = valuer.NewString(strconv.Itoa(n))
 			return nil
 		default:
-			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %d: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", n)
+			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %d: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", n)
 		}
 	}
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*p = PrecisionOption2
@@ -610,6 +628,6 @@ func (p *PrecisionOption) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*p = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %q: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %q: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", v)
 	}
 }

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/plugins.go

@@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
+package dashboardtypesv2
+
+// Typed plugin envelopes for the four plugin sites in DashboardData.
+// Each plugin:
+//   - Has Kind (typed enum) and Spec (any, resolved at runtime via UnmarshalJSON)
+//   - Implements JSONSchemaOneOf so the reflector emits a per-site discriminated
+//     oneOf over only the kinds valid at that site
+//   - Implements UnmarshalJSON that dispatches Spec to the concrete type based
+//     on Kind, using the factory maps in dashboard_v2.go
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
+	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/dashboard"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/variable"
+	"github.com/swaggest/jsonschema-go"
+)
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Panel plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type PanelPlugin struct {
+	Kind PanelPluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any             `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+// PrepareJSONSchema drops the reflected struct shape (type: object, properties)
+// from the envelope so that only the JSONSchemaOneOf result binds. Mirrors the
+// pattern in swaggest/jsonschema-go's built-in oneOf helper.
+func (PanelPlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (PanelPlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		panelPluginVariant[TimeSeriesPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindTimeSeries)},
+		panelPluginVariant[BarChartPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindBarChart)},
+		panelPluginVariant[NumberPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindNumber)},
+		panelPluginVariant[PieChartPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindPieChart)},
+		panelPluginVariant[TablePanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindTable)},
+		panelPluginVariant[HistogramPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindHistogram)},
+		panelPluginVariant[ListPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindList)},
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *PanelPlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := splitKindSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := panelPluginSpecs[PanelPluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown panel plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodePluginSpec(specJSON, factory())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = PanelPluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+type panelPluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v panelPluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return applyKindEnum(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Query plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type QueryPlugin struct {
+	Kind QueryPluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any             `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+func (QueryPlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (QueryPlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		queryPluginVariant[BuilderQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindBuilder)},
+		queryPluginVariant[CompositeQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindComposite)},
+		queryPluginVariant[FormulaSpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindFormula)},
+		queryPluginVariant[PromQLQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindPromQL)},
+		queryPluginVariant[ClickHouseSQLQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindClickHouseSQL)},
+		queryPluginVariant[TraceOperatorSpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindTraceOperator)},
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *QueryPlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := splitKindSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := queryPluginSpecs[QueryPluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown query plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodePluginSpec(specJSON, factory())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = QueryPluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+type queryPluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v queryPluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return applyKindEnum(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Variable plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type VariablePlugin struct {
+	Kind VariablePluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any                `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+func (VariablePlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (VariablePlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		variablePluginVariant[DynamicVariableSpec]{Kind: string(VariableKindDynamic)},
+		variablePluginVariant[QueryVariableSpec]{Kind: string(VariableKindQuery)},
+		variablePluginVariant[CustomVariableSpec]{Kind: string(VariableKindCustom)},
+		variablePluginVariant[TextboxVariableSpec]{Kind: string(VariableKindTextbox)},
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *VariablePlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := splitKindSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := variablePluginSpecs[VariablePluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown variable plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodePluginSpec(specJSON, factory())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = VariablePluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+type variablePluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v variablePluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return applyKindEnum(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Datasource plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type DatasourcePlugin struct {
+	Kind DatasourcePluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any                  `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+func (DatasourcePlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (DatasourcePlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		datasourcePluginVariant[struct{}]{Kind: string(DatasourceKindSigNoz)},
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *DatasourcePlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := splitKindSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := datasourcePluginSpecs[DatasourcePluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown datasource plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodePluginSpec(specJSON, factory())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = DatasourcePluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+type datasourcePluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v datasourcePluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return applyKindEnum(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Variable envelope (list/text sum type)
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+func (Variable) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (Variable) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		variableEnvelope[ListVariableSpec]{Kind: string(variable.KindList)},
+		variableEnvelope[TextVariableSpec]{Kind: string(variable.KindText)},
+	}
+}
+
+func (v *Variable) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := splitKindSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	switch kind {
+	case string(variable.KindList):
+		spec, err := decodeVariableSpec(specJSON, new(ListVariableSpec))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		v.Kind = variable.KindList
+		v.Spec = spec
+	case string(variable.KindText):
+		spec, err := decodeVariableSpec(specJSON, new(TextVariableSpec))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		v.Kind = variable.KindText
+		v.Spec = spec
+	default:
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown variable kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type variableEnvelope[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v variableEnvelope[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return applyKindEnum(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Layout envelope (grid, potentially more in the future)
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+func (Layout) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (Layout) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		layoutEnvelope[dashboard.GridLayoutSpec]{Kind: string(dashboard.KindGridLayout)},
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *Layout) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := splitKindSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := layoutSpecs[dashboard.LayoutKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown layout kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodeVariableSpec(specJSON, factory())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	l.Kind = dashboard.LayoutKind(kind)
+	l.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+type layoutEnvelope[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v layoutEnvelope[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return applyKindEnum(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Helpers
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+// splitKindSpec parses a {"kind": "...", "spec": {...}} envelope and returns
+// kind and the raw spec bytes for typed decoding.
+func splitKindSpec(data []byte) (string, []byte, error) {
+	var head struct {
+		Kind string          `json:"kind"`
+		Spec json.RawMessage `json:"spec"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &head); err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	return head.Kind, head.Spec, nil
+}
+
+// decodePluginSpec strict-decodes a plugin spec JSON into target and runs
+// struct-tag validation (go-playground/validator). Strictness matches the
+// previous validateAndNormalizePluginSpec contract: unknown fields rejected,
+// required-field violations surfaced. Returns target on success.
+func decodePluginSpec(specJSON []byte, target any) (any, error) {
+	if len(specJSON) == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "spec is required")
+	}
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(specJSON))
+	dec.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	if err := dec.Decode(target); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode spec: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := validator.New().Struct(target); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("validate spec: %w", err)
+	}
+	return target, nil
+}
+
+// decodeVariableSpec is lenient: used for ListVariableSpec / TextVariableSpec
+// where Perses historically ignored unknown fields (e.g., stray `plugin` on
+// text variables in existing fixtures).
+func decodeVariableSpec(specJSON []byte, target any) (any, error) {
+	if len(specJSON) == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "spec is required")
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(specJSON, target); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode spec: %w", err)
+	}
+	return target, nil
+}
+
+// clearOneOfParentShape drops Type and Properties on a schema that also has a
+// JSONSchemaOneOf. Swaggest emits both the reflected struct shape and the
+// oneOf side by side; OAS-wise the oneOf is the binding constraint so the
+// properties/type are redundant noise. This mirrors swaggest's own built-in
+// oneOf helper's PrepareJSONSchema.
+func clearOneOfParentShape(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	s.Type = nil
+	s.Properties = nil
+	return nil
+}
+
+// applyKindEnum narrows the `kind` property of a oneOf variant schema to a
+// single permitted string, producing `kind: { type: string, enum: [kind] }`.
+// Each variant calls this from PrepareJSONSchema because Go generics can't
+// propagate struct tag values (so we can't write enum:"..." on Kind).
+func applyKindEnum(schema *jsonschema.Schema, kind string) error {
+	kindProp, ok := schema.Properties["kind"]
+	if !ok || kindProp.TypeObject == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("variant schema missing `kind` property")
+	}
+	kindProp.TypeObject.WithEnum(kind)
+	schema.Properties["kind"] = kindProp
+	return nil
+}

scripts/seed_dashboards_v2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Seed script for SigNoz dashboards v2 tables.
+
+Works with both SQLite and Postgres. Creates tables if they don't exist, then
+inserts synthetic orgs, dashboards, tags, tag_relations, and pinned_dashboard
+rows. Re-runnable — each run generates fresh orgs (new UUIDs), so no conflicts.
+
+Defaults: 300 orgs × 100 dashboards = 30k dashboards + tags + relations + pins.
+
+Usage:
+  pip install sqlalchemy
+  pip install psycopg2-binary       # only if using Postgres
+
+  python seed_dashboards_v2.py --dsn sqlite:///test.db
+  python seed_dashboards_v2.py --dsn sqlite:///test.db --fresh              # clean slate
+  python seed_dashboards_v2.py --dsn postgresql://user:pass@localhost/signoz \
+                               --orgs 500 --dashboards-per-org 200
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import random
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine, text
+
+
+# ---------- Schema ----------
+
+SCHEMA = [
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dashboard (
+        id            TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+        org_id        TEXT NOT NULL,
+        data          TEXT NOT NULL,
+        locked        BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE,
+        created_at    TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
+        created_by    TEXT NOT NULL,
+        updated_at    TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
+        updated_by    TEXT NOT NULL,
+        deleted_at    TIMESTAMP,
+        deleted_by    TEXT
+    )""",
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tag (
+        id            TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+        org_id        TEXT NOT NULL,
+        name          TEXT NOT NULL,
+        internal_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+        created_at    TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
+        created_by    TEXT NOT NULL,
+        updated_at    TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
+        updated_by    TEXT NOT NULL,
+        UNIQUE (org_id, internal_name)
+    )""",
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tag_relations (
+        tag_id        TEXT NOT NULL,
+        entity_type   TEXT NOT NULL,
+        entity_id     TEXT NOT NULL,
+        org_id        TEXT NOT NULL,
+        PRIMARY KEY (entity_id, tag_id, org_id)
+    )""",
+    """CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS pinned_dashboard (
+        user_id       TEXT NOT NULL,
+        dashboard_id  TEXT NOT NULL,
+        org_id        TEXT NOT NULL,
+        pinned_at     TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
+        PRIMARY KEY (user_id, dashboard_id)
+    )""",
+]
+
+# Drop in reverse-dependency order (safe even though we don't declare FKs).
+DROP_STATEMENTS = [
+    "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS pinned_dashboard",
+    "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tag_relations",
+    "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tag",
+    "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dashboard",
+]
+
+# Created after bulk inserts — faster seeding, and matches what the v2 spec recommends.
+INDEXES = [
+    # dashboard list hot path: org-scoped, soft-delete-aware, sorted by updated_at
+    """CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS dashboard_list_updated_idx
+       ON dashboard (org_id, updated_at DESC)
+       WHERE deleted_at IS NULL""",
+
+    # tag delete + future tag-centric queries (PK on tag_relations leads with entity_id)
+    """CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS tag_relations_tag_idx
+       ON tag_relations (tag_id)""",
+
+    # TTL purge of pins by dashboard_id (PK leads with user_id)
+    """CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS pinned_dashboard_dashboard_idx
+       ON pinned_dashboard (dashboard_id)""",
+]
+
+
+# ---------- Seed pools ----------
+
+TAG_POOL = [
+    # Flat tags
+    "critical", "experimental", "deprecated", "public", "internal",
+    # Parent-level tags
+    "team", "env", "db", "service", "region",
+    # Two-level
+    "team/engineering", "team/design", "team/product", "team/marketing", "team/ops",
+    "env/prod", "env/staging", "env/dev",
+    "db/redis", "db/postgres", "db/mongo", "db/mysql", "db/clickhouse",
+    "service/api", "service/web", "service/worker",
+    "region/us-east", "region/us-west", "region/eu-central", "region/ap-south",
+    # Three-level (rare but exercises depth)
+    "team/engineering/backend", "team/engineering/frontend",
+    "env/prod/us-east", "env/prod/eu-central",
+]
+
+TITLE_WORDS = [
+    "Overview", "Metrics", "Analytics", "Monitoring", "Health", "Infrastructure",
+    "Performance", "Latency", "Errors", "Throughput", "Cost", "Usage", "Alerts",
+    "SLO", "Traces", "Logs",
+]
+
+
+# ---------- Helpers ----------
+
+def internal_of(name: str) -> str:
+    """Same transformation the spec defines: lowercase + / -> ::"""
+    return name.lower().replace("/", "::")
+
+
+def make_data(name: str, description: str) -> str:
+    """Minimal v2-shape JSON blob carrying just name + description."""
+    return json.dumps({
+        "metadata": {
+            "schemaVersion": "v6",
+            "image": "",
+            "uploadedGrafana": False,
+        },
+        "data": {
+            "display": {
+                "name": name,
+                "description": description,
+            },
+        },
+    })
+
+
+def chunked(items, size):
+    for i in range(0, len(items), size):
+        yield items[i:i + size]
+
+
+# ---------- Seed driver ----------
+
+def seed(engine, num_orgs: int, dashboards_per_org: int, batch_size: int = 500):
+    now = datetime.utcnow()
+    orgs = [str(uuid.uuid4()) for _ in range(num_orgs)]
+
+    print(f"Generating {num_orgs} orgs …")
+
+    # --- 1. Tags ---
+    tag_rows = []
+    org_tag_index: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str]]] = {}
+    for org_id in orgs:
+        tags_for_org: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
+        for name in TAG_POOL:
+            tag_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+            tags_for_org.append((tag_id, name))
+            tag_rows.append({
+                "id": tag_id,
+                "org_id": org_id,
+                "name": name,
+                "internal_name": internal_of(name),
+                "created_at": now,
+                "created_by": "seed-script",
+                "updated_at": now,
+                "updated_by": "seed-script",
+            })
+        org_tag_index[org_id] = tags_for_org
+
+    insert_tag = text("""
+        INSERT INTO tag (id, org_id, name, internal_name,
+                         created_at, created_by, updated_at, updated_by)
+        VALUES (:id, :org_id, :name, :internal_name,
+                :created_at, :created_by, :updated_at, :updated_by)
+    """)
+    for batch in chunked(tag_rows, batch_size):
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+            conn.execute(insert_tag, batch)
+    print(f"  Tags inserted: {len(tag_rows)}")
+
+    # --- 2. Users (in-memory only, not persisted) ---
+    org_users: dict[str, list[str]] = {}
+    for org_id in orgs:
+        org_users[org_id] = [str(uuid.uuid4()) for _ in range(random.randint(10, 20))]
+    total_users = sum(len(u) for u in org_users.values())
+    print(f"  Users generated: {total_users}  (not persisted)")
+
+    # --- 3. Dashboards + tag relations ---
+    dash_rows = []
+    rel_rows = []
+    org_dashboard_index: dict[str, list[str]] = {}
+    for org_id in orgs:
+        users = org_users[org_id]
+        org_tags = org_tag_index[org_id]
+        dash_ids: list[str] = []
+        for i in range(dashboards_per_org):
+            dash_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+            dash_ids.append(dash_id)
+
+            creator = random.choice(users)
+            title = f"{random.choice(TITLE_WORDS)} {i + 1}"
+            description = f"Seeded dashboard {i + 1}"
+            created_at = now - timedelta(days=random.randint(0, 90))
+            updated_at = created_at + timedelta(days=random.randint(0, 10))
+
+            dash_rows.append({
+                "id": dash_id,
+                "org_id": org_id,
+                "data": make_data(title, description),
+                "locked": random.random() < 0.05,  # ~5% locked
+                "created_at": created_at,
+                "created_by": creator,
+                "updated_at": updated_at,
+                "updated_by": creator,
+            })
+
+            # 0–5 tags per dashboard
+            num_tags = random.randint(0, 5)
+            if num_tags > 0:
+                sample = random.sample(org_tags, min(num_tags, len(org_tags)))
+                for tag_id, _name in sample:
+                    rel_rows.append({
+                        "tag_id": tag_id,
+                        "entity_type": "dashboard",
+                        "entity_id": dash_id,
+                        "org_id": org_id,
+                    })
+        org_dashboard_index[org_id] = dash_ids
+
+    insert_dash = text("""
+        INSERT INTO dashboard (id, org_id, data, locked,
+                               created_at, created_by, updated_at, updated_by)
+        VALUES (:id, :org_id, :data, :locked,
+                :created_at, :created_by, :updated_at, :updated_by)
+    """)
+    for batch in chunked(dash_rows, batch_size):
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+            conn.execute(insert_dash, batch)
+    print(f"  Dashboards inserted: {len(dash_rows)}")
+
+    insert_rel = text("""
+        INSERT INTO tag_relations (tag_id, entity_type, entity_id, org_id)
+        VALUES (:tag_id, :entity_type, :entity_id, :org_id)
+    """)
+    for batch in chunked(rel_rows, batch_size):
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+            conn.execute(insert_rel, batch)
+    print(f"  Tag relations inserted: {len(rel_rows)}")
+
+    # --- 4. Pinned dashboards (max 10 per user per the spec) ---
+    pin_rows = []
+    for org_id in orgs:
+        users = org_users[org_id]
+        dash_ids = org_dashboard_index[org_id]
+        for user_id in users:
+            num_pins = random.randint(1, min(10, len(dash_ids)))
+            picked = random.sample(dash_ids, num_pins)
+            for dash_id in picked:
+                pin_rows.append({
+                    "user_id": user_id,
+                    "dashboard_id": dash_id,
+                    "org_id": org_id,
+                    "pinned_at": now - timedelta(days=random.randint(0, 30)),
+                })
+
+    insert_pin = text("""
+        INSERT INTO pinned_dashboard (user_id, dashboard_id, org_id, pinned_at)
+        VALUES (:user_id, :dashboard_id, :org_id, :pinned_at)
+    """)
+    for batch in chunked(pin_rows, batch_size):
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+            conn.execute(insert_pin, batch)
+    print(f"  Pins inserted: {len(pin_rows)}")
+
+    print("\nDone.")
+    print(f"Summary: {num_orgs} orgs, {len(dash_rows)} dashboards, "
+          f"{len(tag_rows)} tags, {len(rel_rows)} tag relations, {len(pin_rows)} pins.")
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Seed dashboards v2 tables.")
+    parser.add_argument("--dsn", required=True,
+                        help="SQLAlchemy DSN. "
+                             "Examples: sqlite:///test.db, postgresql://user:pass@host:5432/db")
+    parser.add_argument("--orgs", type=int, default=300)
+    parser.add_argument("--dashboards-per-org", type=int, default=100)
+    parser.add_argument("--batch-size", type=int, default=500,
+                        help="Rows per insert batch (tx). Lower = less memory, more commits.")
+    parser.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=None,
+                        help="Random seed for deterministic output.")
+    parser.add_argument("--fresh", action="store_true",
+                        help="Drop all seed tables before creating (clean slate).")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if args.seed is not None:
+        random.seed(args.seed)
+
+    engine = create_engine(args.dsn)
+
+    # Optional: drop everything first.
+    if args.fresh:
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+            for stmt in DROP_STATEMENTS:
+                conn.execute(text(stmt))
+        print("Dropped existing tables.")
+
+    # Create tables if not exist.
+    with engine.begin() as conn:
+        for stmt in SCHEMA:
+            conn.execute(text(stmt))
+    print("Tables ready.")
+
+    seed(engine, args.orgs, args.dashboards_per_org, args.batch_size)
+
+    # Create indexes after bulk load — faster seeding.
+    with engine.begin() as conn:
+        for stmt in INDEXES:
+            conn.execute(text(stmt))
+    print("Indexes ready.")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()