Merge branch 'nv/dashboardv2' into nv/tags-for-dashboard-create

pkg/modules/tag/impltag/module.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package impltag
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/tag"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/tagtypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+)
+
+type module struct {
+	store tagtypes.Store
+}
+
+func NewModule(store tagtypes.Store) tag.Module {
+	return &module{store: store}
+}
+
+func (m *module) CreateMany(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, postable []tagtypes.PostableTag, createdBy string) ([]*tagtypes.Tag, error) {
+	if len(postable) == 0 {
+		return []*tagtypes.Tag{}, nil
+	}
+
+	toCreate, matched, err := tagtypes.Resolve(ctx, m.store, orgID, postable, createdBy)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	created, err := m.store.Create(ctx, toCreate)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return append(matched, created...), nil
+}
+
+func (m *module) LinkToEntity(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, entityType tagtypes.EntityType, entityID valuer.UUID, tagIDs []valuer.UUID) error {
+	if len(tagIDs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return m.store.CreateRelations(ctx, tagtypes.NewTagRelations(orgID, entityType, entityID, tagIDs))
+}

pkg/modules/tag/impltag/store.go

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package impltag
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/sqlstore"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/tagtypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+)
+
+type store struct {
+	sqlstore sqlstore.SQLStore
+}
+
+func NewStore(sqlstore sqlstore.SQLStore) tagtypes.Store {
+	return &store{sqlstore: sqlstore}
+}
+
+func (s *store) List(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID) ([]*tagtypes.Tag, error) {
+	tags := make([]*tagtypes.Tag, 0)
+	err := s.sqlstore.
+		BunDBCtx(ctx).
+		NewSelect().
+		Model(&tags).
+		Where("org_id = ?", orgID).
+		Scan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return tags, nil
+}
+
+func (s *store) Create(ctx context.Context, tags []*tagtypes.Tag) ([]*tagtypes.Tag, error) {
+	if len(tags) == 0 {
+		return tags, nil
+	}
+	// DO UPDATE on a self-set is a deliberate no-op write whose only purpose
+	// is to make RETURNING fire on conflicting rows. Without it, RETURNING is
+	// silent on the conflict path and we'd have to refetch by internal name to
+	// learn the existing rows' IDs after a concurrent-insert race.
+	err := s.sqlstore.
+		BunDBCtx(ctx).
+		NewInsert().
+		Model(&tags).
+		On("CONFLICT (org_id, internal_name) DO UPDATE").
+		Set("internal_name = EXCLUDED.internal_name").
+		Returning("*").
+		Scan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return tags, nil
+}
+
+func (s *store) CreateRelations(ctx context.Context, relations []*tagtypes.TagRelation) error {
+	if len(relations) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	_, err := s.sqlstore.
+		BunDBCtx(ctx).
+		NewInsert().
+		Model(&relations).
+		On("CONFLICT (entity_id, tag_id) DO NOTHING").
+		Exec(ctx)
+	return err
+}

pkg/modules/tag/impltag/store_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+package impltag
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/factory/factorytest"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/sqlstore"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/sqlstore/sqlitesqlstore"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/tagtypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"github.com/uptrace/bun"
+)
+
+func newTestStore(t *testing.T) sqlstore.SQLStore {
+	t.Helper()
+	dbPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")
+	store, err := sqlitesqlstore.New(context.Background(), factorytest.NewSettings(), sqlstore.Config{
+		Provider: "sqlite",
+		Connection: sqlstore.ConnectionConfig{
+			MaxOpenConns:    1,
+			MaxConnLifetime: 0,
+		},
+		Sqlite: sqlstore.SqliteConfig{
+			Path:            dbPath,
+			Mode:            "wal",
+			BusyTimeout:     5 * time.Second,
+			TransactionMode: "deferred",
+		},
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = store.BunDB().NewCreateTable().
+		Model((*tagtypes.Tag)(nil)).
+		IfNotExists().
+		Exec(context.Background())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = store.BunDB().Exec(`CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS uq_tag_org_id_internal_name ON tag (org_id, internal_name)`)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return store
+}
+
+func tagsByInternalName(t *testing.T, db *bun.DB) map[string]*tagtypes.Tag {
+	t.Helper()
+	all := make([]*tagtypes.Tag, 0)
+	require.NoError(t, db.NewSelect().Model(&all).Scan(context.Background()))
+	out := map[string]*tagtypes.Tag{}
+	for _, tag := range all {
+		out[tag.InternalName] = tag
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func TestStore_Create_PopulatesIDsOnFreshInsert(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	sqlstore := newTestStore(t)
+	s := NewStore(sqlstore)
+
+	orgID := valuer.GenerateUUID()
+	tagA := tagtypes.NewTag(orgID, "Database", "database", "u@signoz.io")
+	tagB := tagtypes.NewTag(orgID, "team/BLR", "team::blr", "u@signoz.io")
+	preIDA := tagA.ID
+	preIDB := tagB.ID
+
+	got, err := s.Create(ctx, []*tagtypes.Tag{tagA, tagB})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, got, 2)
+
+	// No race → pre-generated IDs stand. The slice is what we passed in,
+	// confirming Scan didn't reallocate.
+	assert.Equal(t, preIDA, got[0].ID)
+	assert.Equal(t, preIDB, got[1].ID)
+
+	// And the rows are in the DB.
+	stored := tagsByInternalName(t, sqlstore.BunDB())
+	require.Contains(t, stored, "database")
+	require.Contains(t, stored, "team::blr")
+	assert.Equal(t, preIDA, stored["database"].ID)
+	assert.Equal(t, preIDB, stored["team::blr"].ID)
+}
+
+func TestStore_Create_ConflictReturnsExistingRowID(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	sqlstore := newTestStore(t)
+	s := NewStore(sqlstore)
+
+	orgID := valuer.GenerateUUID()
+
+	// Simulate a concurrent insert: someone else has already inserted "database".
+	winner := tagtypes.NewTag(orgID, "Database", "database", "concurrent")
+	_, err := s.Create(ctx, []*tagtypes.Tag{winner})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	winnerID := winner.ID
+
+	// Now our request runs with a different pre-generated ID for the same
+	// internal name. RETURNING should overwrite our stale ID with winner's ID.
+	loser := tagtypes.NewTag(orgID, "Database", "database", "u@signoz.io")
+	loserPreID := loser.ID
+	require.NotEqual(t, winnerID, loserPreID, "pre-generated IDs must differ for this test to be meaningful")
+
+	got, err := s.Create(ctx, []*tagtypes.Tag{loser})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, got, 1)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, winnerID, got[0].ID, "returned slice should carry the existing row's ID, not our stale one")
+	assert.Equal(t, winnerID, loser.ID, "input slice element is mutated in place")
+
+	// And the DB still has exactly one row for that internal name — winner's.
+	stored := tagsByInternalName(t, sqlstore.BunDB())
+	require.Len(t, stored, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, winnerID, stored["database"].ID)
+}
+
+func TestStore_Create_MixedFreshAndConflict(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	sqlstore := newTestStore(t)
+	s := NewStore(sqlstore)
+
+	orgID := valuer.GenerateUUID()
+	pre := tagtypes.NewTag(orgID, "Database", "database", "concurrent")
+	_, err := s.Create(ctx, []*tagtypes.Tag{pre})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	preExistingID := pre.ID
+
+	conflict := tagtypes.NewTag(orgID, "Database", "database", "u@signoz.io")
+	fresh := tagtypes.NewTag(orgID, "team/BLR", "team::blr", "u@signoz.io")
+	freshPreID := fresh.ID
+
+	got, err := s.Create(ctx, []*tagtypes.Tag{conflict, fresh})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, got, 2)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, preExistingID, got[0].ID, "conflicting row's ID overwritten with the existing row's")
+	assert.Equal(t, freshPreID, got[1].ID, "fresh row's pre-generated ID is preserved")
+}

pkg/modules/tag/tag.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package tag
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/tagtypes"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+)
+
+type Module interface {
+	// CreateMany resolves user-supplied tag names against the existing tags for the
+	// org — reusing the casing of any existing parent tag so that
+	// "teams/blr/platform" inherits the "BLR" casing from a pre-existing
+	// "teams/BLR" tag — and inserts any tags that don't yet exist.
+	//
+	// Does not link the resolved tags to any entity — call LinkToEntity for that.
+	CreateMany(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, postable []tagtypes.PostableTag, createdBy string) ([]*tagtypes.Tag, error)
+
+	// LinkToEntity inserts (entity, tag) rows in tag_relations. Existing rows
+	// are left untouched. Uses the caller's transaction context if any so that
+	// it can be made atomic with the entity row insert.
+	LinkToEntity(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID, entityType tagtypes.EntityType, entityID valuer.UUID, tagIDs []valuer.UUID) error
+}

pkg/signoz/module.go

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/session/implsession"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/spanpercentile"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/spanpercentile/implspanpercentile"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/tag"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/tag/impltag"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/tracedetail"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/tracedetail/impltracedetail"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/modules/tracefunnel"
@@ -79,6 +81,7 @@ type Modules struct {
 	CloudIntegration cloudintegration.Module
 	RuleStateHistory rulestatehistory.Module
 	TraceDetail      tracedetail.Module
+	Tag              tag.Module
 }
 
 func NewModules(
@@ -131,5 +134,6 @@ func NewModules(
 		RuleStateHistory: implrulestatehistory.NewModule(implrulestatehistory.NewStore(telemetryStore, telemetryMetadataStore, providerSettings.Logger)),
 		CloudIntegration: cloudIntegrationModule,
 		TraceDetail:      impltracedetail.NewModule(impltracedetail.NewTraceStore(telemetryStore), providerSettings, config.TraceDetail),
+		Tag:              impltag.NewModule(impltag.NewStore(sqlstore)),
 	}
 }

pkg/signoz/provider.go

@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ func NewSQLMigrationProviderFactories(
 		sqlmigration.NewServiceAccountAuthzactory(sqlstore),
 		sqlmigration.NewDropUserDeletedAtFactory(sqlstore, sqlschema),
 		sqlmigration.NewMigrateAWSAllRegionsFactory(sqlstore),
+		sqlmigration.NewAddTagsFactory(sqlstore, sqlschema),
 	)
 }
 

pkg/sqlmigration/078_add_tags.go

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+package sqlmigration
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/factory"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/sqlschema"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/sqlstore"
+	"github.com/uptrace/bun"
+	"github.com/uptrace/bun/migrate"
+)
+
+type addTags struct {
+	sqlstore  sqlstore.SQLStore
+	sqlschema sqlschema.SQLSchema
+}
+
+func NewAddTagsFactory(sqlstore sqlstore.SQLStore, sqlschema sqlschema.SQLSchema) factory.ProviderFactory[SQLMigration, Config] {
+	return factory.NewProviderFactory(factory.MustNewName("add_tags"), func(ctx context.Context, ps factory.ProviderSettings, c Config) (SQLMigration, error) {
+		return &addTags{
+			sqlstore:  sqlstore,
+			sqlschema: sqlschema,
+		}, nil
+	})
+}
+
+func (migration *addTags) Register(migrations *migrate.Migrations) error {
+	return migrations.Register(migration.Up, migration.Down)
+}
+
+func (migration *addTags) Up(ctx context.Context, db *bun.DB) error {
+	tx, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		_ = tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
+	sqls := [][]byte{}
+
+	tagTableSQLs := migration.sqlschema.Operator().CreateTable(&sqlschema.Table{
+		Name: "tag",
+		Columns: []*sqlschema.Column{
+			{Name: "id", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "name", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "internal_name", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "org_id", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "created_at", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeTimestamp, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "created_by", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: true},
+			{Name: "updated_at", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeTimestamp, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "updated_by", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: true},
+		},
+		PrimaryKeyConstraint: &sqlschema.PrimaryKeyConstraint{ColumnNames: []sqlschema.ColumnName{"id"}},
+		ForeignKeyConstraints: []*sqlschema.ForeignKeyConstraint{
+			{
+				ReferencingColumnName: sqlschema.ColumnName("org_id"),
+				ReferencedTableName:   sqlschema.TableName("organizations"),
+				ReferencedColumnName:  sqlschema.ColumnName("id"),
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	sqls = append(sqls, tagTableSQLs...)
+
+	tagUniqueIndexSQL := migration.sqlschema.Operator().CreateIndex(
+		&sqlschema.UniqueIndex{
+			TableName:   "tag",
+			ColumnNames: []sqlschema.ColumnName{"org_id", "internal_name"},
+		})
+	sqls = append(sqls, tagUniqueIndexSQL...)
+
+	tagRelationsTableSQLs := migration.sqlschema.Operator().CreateTable(&sqlschema.Table{
+		Name: "tag_relations",
+		Columns: []*sqlschema.Column{
+			{Name: "entity_type", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "entity_id", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "tag_id", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+			{Name: "org_id", DataType: sqlschema.DataTypeText, Nullable: false},
+		},
+		PrimaryKeyConstraint: &sqlschema.PrimaryKeyConstraint{ColumnNames: []sqlschema.ColumnName{"entity_id", "tag_id"}},
+		ForeignKeyConstraints: []*sqlschema.ForeignKeyConstraint{
+			{
+				ReferencingColumnName: sqlschema.ColumnName("org_id"),
+				ReferencedTableName:   sqlschema.TableName("organizations"),
+				ReferencedColumnName:  sqlschema.ColumnName("id"),
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	sqls = append(sqls, tagRelationsTableSQLs...)
+
+	for _, sql := range sqls {
+		if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, string(sql)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return tx.Commit()
+}
+
+func (migration *addTags) Down(_ context.Context, _ *bun.DB) error {
+	return nil
+}

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboard.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/authtypes"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/tagtypes"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
 	"github.com/uptrace/bun"
 )
@@ -19,6 +20,8 @@ var (
 	TypeableMetaResourceDashboard       = authtypes.MustNewTypeableMetaResource(authtypes.MustNewName("dashboard"))
 	TypeableMetaResourcePublicDashboard = authtypes.MustNewTypeableMetaResource(authtypes.MustNewName("public-dashboard"))
 	TypeableMetaResourcesDashboards     = authtypes.MustNewTypeableMetaResources(authtypes.MustNewName("dashboards"))
+
+	EntityTypeDashboard = tagtypes.MustNewEntityType("dashboard")
 )
 
 var (

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboard_v2.go

@@ -1,262 +0,0 @@
-package dashboardtypes
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"slices"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
-	qb "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
-	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
-	v1 "github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1"
-	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/common"
-	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/dashboard"
-)
-
-// StorableDashboardDataV2 wraps v1.DashboardSpec (Perses) with additional SigNoz-specific fields.
-//
-// We embed DashboardSpec (not v1.Dashboard) to avoid carrying Perses's Metadata
-// (Name, Project, CreatedAt, UpdatedAt, Tags, Version) and Kind field. SigNoz
-// manages identity (ID), timestamps (TimeAuditable), and multi-tenancy (OrgID)
-// separately on StorableDashboardV2/DashboardV2.
-//
-// The following v1 request fields map to locations inside v1.DashboardSpec:
-//   - title       → Display.Name          (common.Display)
-//   - description → Display.Description   (common.Display)
-//
-// Fields that have no Perses equivalent will be added in this wrapper (like image, uploadGrafana, etc.)
-type StorableDashboardDataV2 = v1.DashboardSpec
-
-// UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON unmarshals the JSON into a StorableDashboardDataV2
-// (= PostableDashboardV2 = UpdatableDashboardV2) and validates plugin kinds and specs.
-func UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data []byte) (*StorableDashboardDataV2, error) {
-	var d StorableDashboardDataV2
-	// Note: DashboardSpec has a custom UnmarshalJSON which prevents
-	// DisallowUnknownFields from working at the top level. Unknown
-	// fields in plugin specs are still rejected by validateAndNormalizePluginSpec.
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &d); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if err := validateDashboardV2(d); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &d, nil
-}
-
-// Plugin kind → spec type factory. Each value is a pointer to the zero value of the
-// expected spec struct. validatePluginSpec marshals plugin.Spec back to JSON and
-// unmarshals into the typed struct to catch field-level errors.
-var (
-	panelPluginSpecs = map[PanelPluginKind]func() any{
-		PanelKindTimeSeries: func() any { return new(TimeSeriesPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindBarChart:   func() any { return new(BarChartPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindNumber:     func() any { return new(NumberPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindPieChart:   func() any { return new(PieChartPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindTable:      func() any { return new(TablePanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindHistogram:  func() any { return new(HistogramPanelSpec) },
-		PanelKindList:       func() any { return new(ListPanelSpec) },
-	}
-	queryPluginSpecs = map[QueryPluginKind]func() any{
-		QueryKindBuilder:       func() any { return new(BuilderQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindComposite:     func() any { return new(CompositeQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindFormula:       func() any { return new(FormulaSpec) },
-		QueryKindPromQL:        func() any { return new(PromQLQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindClickHouseSQL: func() any { return new(ClickHouseSQLQuerySpec) },
-		QueryKindTraceOperator: func() any { return new(TraceOperatorSpec) },
-	}
-	variablePluginSpecs = map[VariablePluginKind]func() any{
-		VariableKindDynamic: func() any { return new(DynamicVariableSpec) },
-		VariableKindQuery:   func() any { return new(QueryVariableSpec) },
-		VariableKindCustom:  func() any { return new(CustomVariableSpec) },
-		VariableKindTextbox: func() any { return new(TextboxVariableSpec) },
-	}
-	datasourcePluginSpecs = map[DatasourcePluginKind]func() any{
-		DatasourceKindSigNoz: func() any { return new(struct{}) },
-	}
-
-	// allowedQueryKinds maps each panel plugin kind to the query plugin
-	// kinds it supports. Composite sub-query types are mapped to these
-	// same kind strings via compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind.
-	allowedQueryKinds = map[PanelPluginKind][]QueryPluginKind{
-		PanelKindTimeSeries: {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindBarChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindNumber:     {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindHistogram:  {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindPieChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindTable:      {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
-		PanelKindList:       {QueryKindBuilder},
-	}
-
-	// compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind maps CompositeQuery sub-query type
-	// strings to the equivalent top-level query plugin kind for validation.
-	compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind = map[qb.QueryType]QueryPluginKind{
-		qb.QueryTypeBuilder:       QueryKindBuilder,
-		qb.QueryTypeFormula:       QueryKindFormula,
-		qb.QueryTypeTraceOperator: QueryKindTraceOperator,
-		qb.QueryTypePromQL:        QueryKindPromQL,
-		qb.QueryTypeClickHouseSQL: QueryKindClickHouseSQL,
-	}
-)
-
-func validateDashboardV2(d StorableDashboardDataV2) error {
-	for name, ds := range d.Datasources {
-		if err := validateDatasourcePlugin(&ds.Plugin, fmt.Sprintf("spec.datasources.%s.plugin", name)); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	for i, v := range d.Variables {
-		if err := validateVariablePlugin(v, fmt.Sprintf("spec.variables[%d]", i)); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	for key, panel := range d.Panels {
-		if panel == nil {
-			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "spec.panels.%s: panel must not be null", key)
-		}
-		path := fmt.Sprintf("spec.panels.%s", key)
-		if err := validatePanelPlugin(&panel.Spec.Plugin, path+".spec.plugin"); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		panelKind := PanelPluginKind(panel.Spec.Plugin.Kind)
-		allowed := allowedQueryKinds[panelKind]
-		for qi := range panel.Spec.Queries {
-			queryPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s.spec.queries[%d].spec.plugin", path, qi)
-			if err := validateQueryPlugin(&panel.Spec.Queries[qi].Spec.Plugin, queryPath); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			if err := validateQueryAllowedForPanel(panel.Spec.Queries[qi].Spec.Plugin, allowed, panelKind, queryPath); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateDatasourcePlugin(plugin *common.Plugin, path string) error {
-	kind := DatasourcePluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	factory, ok := datasourcePluginSpecs[kind]
-	if !ok {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: unknown datasource plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", path, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-	}
-	return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin, factory, path)
-}
-
-func validateVariablePlugin(v dashboard.Variable, path string) error {
-	switch spec := v.Spec.(type) {
-	case *dashboard.ListVariableSpec:
-		pluginPath := path + ".spec.plugin"
-		kind := VariablePluginKind(spec.Plugin.Kind)
-		factory, ok := variablePluginSpecs[kind]
-		if !ok {
-			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-				"%s: unknown variable plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", pluginPath, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-		}
-		return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(&spec.Plugin, factory, pluginPath)
-	case *dashboard.TextVariableSpec:
-		// TextVariables have no plugin, nothing to validate.
-		return nil
-	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s: unsupported variable kind %q", path, v.Kind)
-	}
-}
-
-func validatePanelPlugin(plugin *common.Plugin, path string) error {
-	kind := PanelPluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	factory, ok := panelPluginSpecs[kind]
-	if !ok {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: unknown panel plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", path, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-	}
-	return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin, factory, path)
-}
-
-func validateQueryPlugin(plugin *common.Plugin, path string) error {
-	kind := QueryPluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	factory, ok := queryPluginSpecs[kind]
-	if !ok {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: unknown query plugin kind %q; allowed values: %s", path, kind, formatEnum(kind.Enum()))
-	}
-	return validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin, factory, path)
-}
-
-func formatEnum(values []any) string {
-	parts := make([]string, len(values))
-	for i, v := range values {
-		parts[i] = fmt.Sprintf("`%v`", v)
-	}
-	return strings.Join(parts, ", ")
-}
-
-// validateAndNormalizePluginSpec validates the plugin spec and writes the typed
-// struct (with defaults) back into plugin.Spec so that DB storage and API
-// responses contain normalized values.
-func validateAndNormalizePluginSpec(plugin *common.Plugin, factory func() any, path string) error {
-	if plugin.Kind == "" {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s: plugin kind is required", path)
-	}
-	if plugin.Spec == nil {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s: plugin spec is required", path)
-	}
-	// Re-marshal the spec and unmarshal into the typed struct.
-	specJSON, err := json.Marshal(plugin.Spec)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-	}
-	target := factory()
-	decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(specJSON))
-	decoder.DisallowUnknownFields()
-	if err := decoder.Decode(target); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-	}
-	if err := validator.New().Struct(target); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-	}
-	// Write the typed struct back so defaults are included.
-	plugin.Spec = target
-	return nil
-}
-
-// validateQueryAllowedForPanel checks that the query plugin kind is permitted
-// for the given panel. For composite queries it recurses into sub-queries.
-func validateQueryAllowedForPanel(plugin common.Plugin, allowed []QueryPluginKind, panelKind PanelPluginKind, path string) error {
-	queryKind := QueryPluginKind(plugin.Kind)
-	if !slices.Contains(allowed, queryKind) {
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-			"%s: query kind %q is not supported by panel kind %q", path, queryKind, panelKind)
-	}
-
-	// For composite queries, validate each sub-query type.
-	if queryKind == QueryKindComposite && plugin.Spec != nil {
-		specJSON, err := json.Marshal(plugin.Spec)
-		if err != nil {
-			return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-		}
-		var composite struct {
-			Queries []struct {
-				Type qb.QueryType `json:"type"`
-			} `json:"queries"`
-		}
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(specJSON, &composite); err != nil {
-			return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
-		}
-		for si, sub := range composite.Queries {
-			pluginKind, ok := compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind[sub.Type]
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-			if !slices.Contains(allowed, pluginKind) {
-				return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
-					"%s.spec.queries[%d]: sub-query type %q is not supported by panel kind %q",
-					path, si, sub.Type, panelKind)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/dashboard_data.go

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package dashboardtypesv2
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
+	qb "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
+	v1 "github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/common"
+)
+
+// DashboardData is the SigNoz dashboard v2 spec shape. It mirrors
+// v1.DashboardSpec (Perses) field-for-field, except every common.Plugin
+// occurrence is replaced with a typed SigNoz plugin whose OpenAPI schema is a
+// per-site discriminated oneOf.
+type DashboardData struct {
+	Display         *common.Display            `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Datasources     map[string]*DatasourceSpec `json:"datasources,omitempty"`
+	Variables       []Variable                 `json:"variables,omitempty"`
+	Panels          map[string]*Panel          `json:"panels"`
+	Layouts         []Layout                   `json:"layouts"`
+	Duration        common.DurationString      `json:"duration"`
+	RefreshInterval common.DurationString      `json:"refreshInterval,omitempty"`
+	Links           []v1.Link                  `json:"links,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Unmarshal + validate entry point
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+func UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data []byte) (*DashboardData, error) {
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(data))
+	dec.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	var d DashboardData
+	if err := dec.Decode(&d); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := validateDashboard(d); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &d, nil
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Cross-field validation
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+func validateDashboard(d DashboardData) error {
+	for key, panel := range d.Panels {
+		if panel == nil {
+			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "spec.panels.%s: panel must not be null", key)
+		}
+		path := fmt.Sprintf("spec.panels.%s", key)
+		panelKind := panel.Spec.Plugin.Kind
+		allowed := allowedQueryKinds[panelKind]
+		for qi, q := range panel.Spec.Queries {
+			queryPath := fmt.Sprintf("%s.spec.queries[%d].spec.plugin", path, qi)
+			if err := validateQueryAllowedForPanel(q.Spec.Plugin, allowed, panelKind, queryPath); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateQueryAllowedForPanel(plugin QueryPlugin, allowed []QueryPluginKind, panelKind PanelPluginKind, path string) error {
+	if !slices.Contains(allowed, plugin.Kind) {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
+			"%s: query kind %q is not supported by panel kind %q", path, plugin.Kind, panelKind)
+	}
+
+	if plugin.Kind != QueryKindComposite {
+		return nil
+	}
+	composite, ok := plugin.Spec.(*CompositeQuerySpec)
+	if !ok || composite == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	specJSON, err := json.Marshal(composite)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
+	}
+	var subs struct {
+		Queries []struct {
+			Type qb.QueryType `json:"type"`
+		} `json:"queries"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(specJSON, &subs); err != nil {
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "%s.spec", path)
+	}
+	for si, sub := range subs.Queries {
+		subKind, ok := compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind[sub.Type]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !slices.Contains(allowed, subKind) {
+			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput,
+				"%s.spec.queries[%d]: sub-query type %q is not supported by panel kind %q",
+				path, si, sub.Type, panelKind)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+var (
+	compositeSubQueryTypeToPluginKind = map[qb.QueryType]QueryPluginKind{
+		qb.QueryTypeBuilder:       QueryKindBuilder,
+		qb.QueryTypeFormula:       QueryKindFormula,
+		qb.QueryTypeTraceOperator: QueryKindTraceOperator,
+		qb.QueryTypePromQL:        QueryKindPromQL,
+		qb.QueryTypeClickHouseSQL: QueryKindClickHouseSQL,
+	}
+)

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/dashboard_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package dashboardtypes
+package dashboardtypesv2
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -14,26 +14,26 @@ import (
 func TestValidateBigExample(t *testing.T) {
 	data, err := os.ReadFile("testdata/perses.json")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "reading example file")
-	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid dashboard")
 }
 
 func TestValidateDashboardWithSections(t *testing.T) {
 	data, err := os.ReadFile("testdata/perses_with_sections.json")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "reading example file")
-	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err = UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid dashboard")
 }
 
 func TestInvalidateNotAJSON(t *testing.T) {
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte("not json"))
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte("not json"))
 	require.Error(t, err, "expected error for invalid JSON")
 }
 
 func TestValidateEmptySpec(t *testing.T) {
 	// no variables no panels
 	data := []byte(`{}`)
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid")
 }
 
@@ -59,17 +59,13 @@ func TestValidateOnlyVariables(t *testing.T) {
 				"kind": "TextVariable",
 				"spec": {
 					"name": "mytext",
-					"value": "default",
-					"plugin": {
-						"kind": "signoz/TextboxVariable",
-						"spec": {}
-					}
+					"value": "default"
 				}
 			}
 		],
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expected valid")
 }
 
@@ -148,7 +144,7 @@ func TestInvalidateUnknownPluginKind(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error containing %q, got nil", tt.wantContain)
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -169,7 +165,7 @@ func TestInvalidateOneInvalidPanel(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.Error(t, err, "expected error for invalid panel plugin kind")
 	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "FakePanel", "error should mention FakePanel")
 }
@@ -245,7 +241,7 @@ func TestRejectUnknownFieldsInPluginSpec(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error for unknown field")
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -323,7 +319,7 @@ func TestInvalidateWrongFieldTypeInPluginSpec(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected validation error")
 			if tt.wantContain != "" {
 				require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
@@ -531,7 +527,7 @@ func TestInvalidateBadPanelSpecValues(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error containing %q, got nil", tt.wantContain)
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -626,7 +622,7 @@ func TestValidateRequiredFields(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON([]byte(tt.data))
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON([]byte(tt.data))
 			require.Error(t, err, "expected error containing %q, got nil", tt.wantContain)
 			require.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantContain, "error should mention %q", tt.wantContain)
 		})
@@ -648,7 +644,7 @@ func TestTimeSeriesPanelDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal and validate failed")
 
 	// After validation+normalization, the plugin spec should be a typed struct.
@@ -695,7 +691,7 @@ func TestNumberPanelDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		"layouts": []
 	}`)
-	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(data)
+	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(data)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal and validate failed")
 
 	require.IsType(t, &NumberPanelSpec{}, d.Panels["p1"].Spec.Plugin.Spec)
@@ -745,7 +741,7 @@ func TestStorageRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 	}`)
 
 	// Step 1: Unmarshal + validate + normalize (what the API handler does).
-	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(input)
+	d, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(input)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal and validate failed")
 
 	// Step 1.5: Verify struct fields have correct defaults (extra validation before storing).
@@ -765,7 +761,7 @@ func TestStorageRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "marshal for storage failed")
 
 	// Step 3: Unmarshal from JSON (simulates reading from DB).
-	loaded, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(stored)
+	loaded, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(stored)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "unmarshal from storage failed")
 
 	// Step 3.5: Verify struct fields have correct defaults after loading (before returning in API).
@@ -878,7 +874,7 @@ func TestPanelTypeQueryTypeCompatibility(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateDashboardV2JSON(tc.data)
+			_, err := UnmarshalAndValidateJSON(tc.data)
 			if tc.wantErr {
 				require.Error(t, err)
 			} else {

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/perses_drift_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+package dashboardtypesv2
+
+// TestDashboardDataMatchesPerses asserts that DashboardData
+// and every nested SigNoz-owned type cover the JSON field set of their Perses
+// counterpart.
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	v1 "github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/dashboard"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestDashboardDataMatchesPerses(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name   string
+		ours   reflect.Type
+		perses reflect.Type
+	}{
+		{"DashboardSpec", typeOf[DashboardData](), typeOf[v1.DashboardSpec]()},
+		{"Panel", typeOf[Panel](), typeOf[v1.Panel]()},
+		{"PanelSpec", typeOf[PanelSpec](), typeOf[v1.PanelSpec]()},
+		{"Query", typeOf[Query](), typeOf[v1.Query]()},
+		{"QuerySpec", typeOf[QuerySpec](), typeOf[v1.QuerySpec]()},
+		{"DatasourceSpec", typeOf[DatasourceSpec](), typeOf[v1.DatasourceSpec]()},
+		{"Variable", typeOf[Variable](), typeOf[dashboard.Variable]()},
+		{"ListVariableSpec", typeOf[ListVariableSpec](), typeOf[dashboard.ListVariableSpec]()},
+		{"TextVariableSpec", typeOf[TextVariableSpec](), typeOf[dashboard.TextVariableSpec]()},
+		{"Layout", typeOf[Layout](), typeOf[dashboard.Layout]()},
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			missing, extra := drift(c.ours, c.perses)
+
+			assert.Empty(t, missing,
+				"DashboardData (%s) is missing json fields present on Perses %s — upstream likely added or renamed a field",
+				c.ours.Name(), c.perses.Name())
+			assert.Empty(t, extra,
+				"DashboardData (%s) has json fields absent on Perses %s — upstream likely removed a field or we added one without the counterpart",
+				c.ours.Name(), c.perses.Name())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriftDetectionMechanics(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("upstream added a field", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type ours struct {
+			Name string `json:"name"`
+		}
+		type perses struct {
+			Name        string `json:"name"`
+			Description string `json:"description"`
+		}
+		missing, extra := drift(typeOf[ours](), typeOf[perses]())
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"description"}, missing, "missing fires: upstream has a field we don't")
+		assert.Empty(t, extra)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("upstream removed a field", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type ours struct {
+			Name        string `json:"name"`
+			Description string `json:"description"`
+		}
+		type perses struct {
+			Name string `json:"name"`
+		}
+		missing, extra := drift(typeOf[ours](), typeOf[perses]())
+		assert.Empty(t, missing)
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"description"}, extra, "extra fires: we kept a field upstream removed")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("upstream renamed a field", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type ours struct {
+			Name string `json:"name"`
+		}
+		type perses struct {
+			Name string `json:"title"`
+		}
+		missing, extra := drift(typeOf[ours](), typeOf[perses]())
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"title"}, missing, "missing fires for the new name")
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"name"}, extra, "extra fires for the old name — both fire on a rename")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("we added a field upstream does not have", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type ours struct {
+			Name     string `json:"name"`
+			Internal string `json:"internal"`
+		}
+		type perses struct {
+			Name string `json:"name"`
+		}
+		missing, extra := drift(typeOf[ours](), typeOf[perses]())
+		assert.Empty(t, missing)
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"internal"}, extra, "extra fires: we added a field with no upstream counterpart")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("embedded struct flattens — drift inside the embed is caught", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type embedded struct {
+			Display string `json:"display"`
+			NewBit  string `json:"newBit"` // upstream added this inside the embed
+		}
+		type ours struct {
+			Display string `json:"display"`
+			Name    string `json:"name"`
+		}
+		type perses struct {
+			embedded `json:",inline"`
+			Name     string `json:"name"`
+		}
+		missing, extra := drift(typeOf[ours](), typeOf[perses]())
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"newBit"}, missing, "field added inside an inlined embed surfaces at the parent level")
+		assert.Empty(t, extra)
+	})
+}
+
+func drift(ours, perses reflect.Type) (missing, extra []string) {
+	o, p := jsonFields(ours), jsonFields(perses)
+	return sortedDiff(p, o), sortedDiff(o, p)
+}
+
+// jsonFields returns the set of json tag names for a struct, flattening
+// anonymous embedded fields (matching encoding/json behavior).
+func jsonFields(t reflect.Type) map[string]struct{} {
+	out := map[string]struct{}{}
+	if t.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return out
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < t.NumField(); i++ {
+		f := t.Field(i)
+		// Skip unexported fields (e.g., dashboard.TextVariableSpec has an
+		// unexported `variableSpec` interface tag).
+		if !f.IsExported() && !f.Anonymous {
+			continue
+		}
+		tag := f.Tag.Get("json")
+		name := strings.Split(tag, ",")[0]
+		// Anonymous embed with empty json name (no tag, or `json:",inline"` /
+		// `json:",omitempty"`-style options-only tag) is flattened by encoding/json.
+		if f.Anonymous && name == "" {
+			for k := range jsonFields(f.Type) {
+				out[k] = struct{}{}
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if tag == "-" || name == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		out[name] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// sortedDiff returns keys in a but not in b, sorted.
+func sortedDiff(a, b map[string]struct{}) []string {
+	var diff []string
+	for k := range a {
+		if _, ok := b[k]; !ok {
+			diff = append(diff, k)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(diff)
+	return diff
+}
+
+func typeOf[T any]() reflect.Type { return reflect.TypeOf((*T)(nil)).Elem() }

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/perses_plugin_wrappers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+package dashboardtypesv2
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
+	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
+	"github.com/swaggest/jsonschema-go"
+)
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Panel plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type PanelPlugin struct {
+	Kind PanelPluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any             `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+// PrepareJSONSchema drops the reflected struct shape (type: object, properties)
+// from the envelope so that only the JSONSchemaOneOf result binds.
+func (PanelPlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (p *PanelPlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := extractKindAndSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := panelPluginSpecs[PanelPluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown panel plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodeSpec(specJSON, factory(), kind)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = PanelPluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (PanelPlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		PanelPluginVariant[TimeSeriesPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindTimeSeries)},
+		PanelPluginVariant[BarChartPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindBarChart)},
+		PanelPluginVariant[NumberPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindNumber)},
+		PanelPluginVariant[PieChartPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindPieChart)},
+		PanelPluginVariant[TablePanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindTable)},
+		PanelPluginVariant[HistogramPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindHistogram)},
+		PanelPluginVariant[ListPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindList)},
+	}
+}
+
+type PanelPluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v PanelPluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return restrictKindToOneValue(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Query plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type QueryPlugin struct {
+	Kind QueryPluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any             `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+func (QueryPlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (p *QueryPlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := extractKindAndSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := queryPluginSpecs[QueryPluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown query plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodeSpec(specJSON, factory(), kind)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = QueryPluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (QueryPlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		QueryPluginVariant[BuilderQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindBuilder)},
+		QueryPluginVariant[CompositeQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindComposite)},
+		QueryPluginVariant[FormulaSpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindFormula)},
+		QueryPluginVariant[PromQLQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindPromQL)},
+		QueryPluginVariant[ClickHouseSQLQuerySpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindClickHouseSQL)},
+		QueryPluginVariant[TraceOperatorSpec]{Kind: string(QueryKindTraceOperator)},
+	}
+}
+
+type QueryPluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v QueryPluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return restrictKindToOneValue(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Variable plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type VariablePlugin struct {
+	Kind VariablePluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any                `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+func (VariablePlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (p *VariablePlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := extractKindAndSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := variablePluginSpecs[VariablePluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown variable plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodeSpec(specJSON, factory(), kind)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = VariablePluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (VariablePlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		VariablePluginVariant[DynamicVariableSpec]{Kind: string(VariableKindDynamic)},
+		VariablePluginVariant[QueryVariableSpec]{Kind: string(VariableKindQuery)},
+		VariablePluginVariant[CustomVariableSpec]{Kind: string(VariableKindCustom)},
+	}
+}
+
+type VariablePluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v VariablePluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return restrictKindToOneValue(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Datasource plugin
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type DatasourcePlugin struct {
+	Kind DatasourcePluginKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any                  `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+func (DatasourcePlugin) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (p *DatasourcePlugin) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := extractKindAndSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := datasourcePluginSpecs[DatasourcePluginKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown datasource plugin kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodeSpec(specJSON, factory(), kind)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	p.Kind = DatasourcePluginKind(kind)
+	p.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (DatasourcePlugin) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		DatasourcePluginVariant[struct{}]{Kind: string(DatasourceKindSigNoz)},
+	}
+}
+
+type DatasourcePluginVariant[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v DatasourcePluginVariant[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return restrictKindToOneValue(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Helpers
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+var (
+	panelPluginSpecs = map[PanelPluginKind]func() any{
+		PanelKindTimeSeries: func() any { return new(TimeSeriesPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindBarChart:   func() any { return new(BarChartPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindNumber:     func() any { return new(NumberPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindPieChart:   func() any { return new(PieChartPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindTable:      func() any { return new(TablePanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindHistogram:  func() any { return new(HistogramPanelSpec) },
+		PanelKindList:       func() any { return new(ListPanelSpec) },
+	}
+	queryPluginSpecs = map[QueryPluginKind]func() any{
+		QueryKindBuilder:       func() any { return new(BuilderQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindComposite:     func() any { return new(CompositeQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindFormula:       func() any { return new(FormulaSpec) },
+		QueryKindPromQL:        func() any { return new(PromQLQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindClickHouseSQL: func() any { return new(ClickHouseSQLQuerySpec) },
+		QueryKindTraceOperator: func() any { return new(TraceOperatorSpec) },
+	}
+	variablePluginSpecs = map[VariablePluginKind]func() any{
+		VariableKindDynamic: func() any { return new(DynamicVariableSpec) },
+		VariableKindQuery:   func() any { return new(QueryVariableSpec) },
+		VariableKindCustom:  func() any { return new(CustomVariableSpec) },
+	}
+	datasourcePluginSpecs = map[DatasourcePluginKind]func() any{
+		DatasourceKindSigNoz: func() any { return new(struct{}) },
+	}
+
+	allowedQueryKinds = map[PanelPluginKind][]QueryPluginKind{
+		PanelKindTimeSeries: {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindBarChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindNumber:     {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindHistogram:  {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindPromQL, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindPieChart:   {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindTable:      {QueryKindBuilder, QueryKindComposite, QueryKindFormula, QueryKindTraceOperator, QueryKindClickHouseSQL},
+		PanelKindList:       {QueryKindBuilder},
+	}
+)
+
+// extractKindAndSpec parses a {"kind": "...", "spec": {...}} envelope and returns
+// kind and the raw spec bytes for typed decoding.
+func extractKindAndSpec(data []byte) (string, []byte, error) {
+	var head struct {
+		Kind string          `json:"kind"`
+		Spec json.RawMessage `json:"spec"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &head); err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	return head.Kind, head.Spec, nil
+}
+
+// decodeSpec strict-decodes a spec JSON into target and runs struct-tag validation (go-playground/validator).
+func decodeSpec(specJSON []byte, target any, kind string) (any, error) {
+	if len(specJSON) == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "kind %q: spec is required", kind)
+	}
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(specJSON))
+	dec.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	if err := dec.Decode(target); err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "kind %q: invalid spec JSON", kind)
+	}
+	if err := validator.New().Struct(target); err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "kind %q: spec failed validation", kind)
+	}
+	return target, nil
+}
+
+// clearOneOfParentShape drops Type and Properties on a schema that also has a JSONSchemaOneOf.
+func clearOneOfParentShape(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	s.Type = nil
+	s.Properties = nil
+	return nil
+}
+
+// restrictKindToOneValue ensures that the schema only allows one Kind value for a type.
+// For eg. PanelPluginVariant[TimeSeriesPanelSpec]{Kind: string(PanelKindTimeSeries)} should
+// only allow "signoz/TimeSeriesPanel" in its kind field.
+func restrictKindToOneValue(schema *jsonschema.Schema, kind string) error {
+	kindProp, ok := schema.Properties["kind"]
+	if !ok || kindProp.TypeObject == nil {
+		return errors.NewInternalf(errors.CodeInternal, "variant schema missing `kind` property")
+	}
+	kindProp.TypeObject.WithEnum(kind)
+	schema.Properties["kind"] = kindProp
+	return nil
+}

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/perses_replicas.go

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+package dashboardtypesv2
+
+import (
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
+	v1 "github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/common"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/dashboard"
+	"github.com/perses/perses/pkg/model/api/v1/variable"
+	"github.com/swaggest/jsonschema-go"
+)
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Datasource
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type DatasourceSpec struct {
+	Display *common.Display  `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Default bool             `json:"default"`
+	Plugin  DatasourcePlugin `json:"plugin"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Panel
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type Panel struct {
+	Kind string    `json:"kind"`
+	Spec PanelSpec `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+type PanelSpec struct {
+	Display *v1.PanelDisplay `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Plugin  PanelPlugin      `json:"plugin"`
+	Queries []Query          `json:"queries,omitempty"`
+	Links   []v1.Link        `json:"links,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Query
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+type Query struct {
+	Kind string    `json:"kind"`
+	Spec QuerySpec `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+type QuerySpec struct {
+	Name   string      `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Plugin QueryPlugin `json:"plugin"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Variable
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+// Variable is the list/text sum type. Spec is set to *ListVariableSpec or
+// *TextVariableSpec by UnmarshalJSON based on Kind. The schema is a
+// discriminated oneOf (see JSONSchemaOneOf).
+type Variable struct {
+	Kind variable.Kind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any           `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+func (Variable) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (v *Variable) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := extractKindAndSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	switch kind {
+	case string(variable.KindList):
+		spec, err := decodeSpec(specJSON, new(ListVariableSpec), kind)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		v.Kind = variable.KindList
+		v.Spec = spec
+	case string(variable.KindText):
+		spec, err := decodeSpec(specJSON, new(TextVariableSpec), kind)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		v.Kind = variable.KindText
+		v.Spec = spec
+	default:
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown variable kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (Variable) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		VariableEnvelope[ListVariableSpec]{Kind: string(variable.KindList)},
+		VariableEnvelope[TextVariableSpec]{Kind: string(variable.KindText)},
+	}
+}
+
+type VariableEnvelope[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v VariableEnvelope[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return restrictKindToOneValue(s, v.Kind)
+}
+
+// ListVariableSpec mirrors dashboard.ListVariableSpec (variable.ListSpec
+// fields + Name) but with a typed VariablePlugin replacing common.Plugin.
+type ListVariableSpec struct {
+	Display         *variable.Display      `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	DefaultValue    *variable.DefaultValue `json:"defaultValue,omitempty"`
+	AllowAllValue   bool                   `json:"allowAllValue"`
+	AllowMultiple   bool                   `json:"allowMultiple"`
+	CustomAllValue  string                 `json:"customAllValue,omitempty"`
+	CapturingRegexp string                 `json:"capturingRegexp,omitempty"`
+	Sort            *variable.Sort         `json:"sort,omitempty"`
+	Plugin          VariablePlugin         `json:"plugin"`
+	Name            string                 `json:"name"`
+}
+
+// TextVariableSpec mirrors dashboard.TextVariableSpec (variable.TextSpec +
+// Name). No plugin.
+type TextVariableSpec struct {
+	Display  *variable.Display `json:"display,omitempty"`
+	Value    string            `json:"value"`
+	Constant bool              `json:"constant,omitempty"`
+	Name     string            `json:"name"`
+}
+
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+// Layout
+// ══════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+// Layout is the dashboard layout sum type. Spec is populated by UnmarshalJSON
+// with the concrete layout spec struct (today only dashboard.GridLayoutSpec)
+// based on Kind. No plugin is involved, so we reuse the Perses spec types as
+// leaf imports.
+type Layout struct {
+	Kind dashboard.LayoutKind `json:"kind"`
+	Spec any                  `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+// layoutSpecs is the layout sum type factory. Perses only defines
+// KindGridLayout today; adding a new kind upstream surfaces as an
+// "unknown layout kind" runtime error here until we add it.
+var layoutSpecs = map[dashboard.LayoutKind]func() any{
+	dashboard.KindGridLayout: func() any { return new(dashboard.GridLayoutSpec) },
+}
+
+func (Layout) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+func (l *Layout) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	kind, specJSON, err := extractKindAndSpec(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	factory, ok := layoutSpecs[dashboard.LayoutKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "unknown layout kind %q", kind)
+	}
+	spec, err := decodeSpec(specJSON, factory(), kind)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	l.Kind = dashboard.LayoutKind(kind)
+	l.Spec = spec
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (Layout) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		LayoutEnvelope[dashboard.GridLayoutSpec]{Kind: string(dashboard.KindGridLayout)},
+	}
+}
+
+type LayoutEnvelope[S any] struct {
+	Kind string `json:"kind" required:"true"`
+	Spec S      `json:"spec" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func (v LayoutEnvelope[S]) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return restrictKindToOneValue(s, v.Kind)
+}

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/perses_signoz_plugins.go

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
-package dashboardtypes
+package dashboardtypesv2
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/dashboardtypes"
 	qb "github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/querybuildertypes/querybuildertypesv5"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types/telemetrytypes"
 	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/swaggest/jsonschema-go"
 )
 
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
@@ -20,11 +22,10 @@ const (
 	VariableKindDynamic VariablePluginKind = "signoz/DynamicVariable"
 	VariableKindQuery   VariablePluginKind = "signoz/QueryVariable"
 	VariableKindCustom  VariablePluginKind = "signoz/CustomVariable"
-	VariableKindTextbox VariablePluginKind = "signoz/TextboxVariable"
 )
 
 func (VariablePluginKind) Enum() []any {
-	return []any{VariableKindDynamic, VariableKindQuery, VariableKindCustom, VariableKindTextbox}
+	return []any{VariableKindDynamic, VariableKindQuery, VariableKindCustom}
 }
 
 type DynamicVariableSpec struct {
@@ -42,8 +43,6 @@ type CustomVariableSpec struct {
 	CustomValue string `json:"customValue" validate:"required" required:"true"`
 }
 
-type TextboxVariableSpec struct{}
-
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
 // SigNoz query plugin specs — aliased from querybuildertypesv5
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
@@ -81,12 +80,28 @@ type BuilderQuerySpec struct {
 func (b *BuilderQuerySpec) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	spec, err := qb.UnmarshalBuilderQueryBySignal(data)
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid builder query spec")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid builder query spec")
 	}
 	b.Spec = spec
 	return nil
 }
 
+// PrepareJSONSchema drops the reflected struct shape so only the
+// JSONSchemaOneOf result binds.
+func (BuilderQuerySpec) PrepareJSONSchema(s *jsonschema.Schema) error {
+	return clearOneOfParentShape(s)
+}
+
+// JSONSchemaOneOf exposes the three signal-dispatched shapes a builder query
+// can take. Mirrors qb.UnmarshalBuilderQueryBySignal's runtime dispatch.
+func (BuilderQuerySpec) JSONSchemaOneOf() []any {
+	return []any{
+		qb.QueryBuilderQuery[qb.LogAggregation]{},
+		qb.QueryBuilderQuery[qb.MetricAggregation]{},
+		qb.QueryBuilderQuery[qb.TraceAggregation]{},
+	}
+}
+
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
 // SigNoz panel plugin specs
 // ══════════════════════════════════════════════
@@ -272,7 +287,7 @@ func (t TimePreference) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (t *TimePreference) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference: must be a string, one of `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference: must be a string, one of `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*t = TimePreferenceGlobalTime
@@ -284,7 +299,7 @@ func (t *TimePreference) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*t = tp
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference %q: must be `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid timePreference %q: must be `global_time`, `last_5_min`, `last_15_min`, `last_30_min`, `last_1_hr`, `last_6_hr`, `last_1_day`, `last_3_days`, `last_1_week`, or `last_1_month`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -313,7 +328,7 @@ func (l LegendPosition) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (l *LegendPosition) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position: must be a string, one of `bottom` or `right`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position: must be a string, one of `bottom` or `right`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*l = LegendPositionBottom
@@ -325,7 +340,7 @@ func (l *LegendPosition) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*l = lp
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position %q: must be `bottom` or `right`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid legend position %q: must be `bottom` or `right`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -354,7 +369,7 @@ func (f ThresholdFormat) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (f *ThresholdFormat) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format: must be a string, one of `text` or `background`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format: must be a string, one of `text` or `background`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*f = ThresholdFormatText
@@ -366,7 +381,7 @@ func (f *ThresholdFormat) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*f = tf
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format %q: must be `text` or `background`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid threshold format %q: must be `text` or `background`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -406,7 +421,7 @@ func (o ComparisonOperator) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (o *ComparisonOperator) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator: must be a string, one of `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator: must be a string, one of `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*o = ComparisonOperatorGT
@@ -420,7 +435,7 @@ func (o *ComparisonOperator) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*o = co
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator %q: must be `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid comparison operator %q: must be `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`, `=`, `above`, `below`, `above_or_equal`, `below_or_equal`, `equal`, or `not_equal`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -451,7 +466,7 @@ func (li LineInterpolation) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (li *LineInterpolation) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation: must be a string, one of `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation: must be a string, one of `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*li = LineInterpolationSpline
@@ -463,7 +478,7 @@ func (li *LineInterpolation) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*li = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation %q: must be `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line interpolation %q: must be `linear`, `spline`, `step_after`, or `step_before`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -492,7 +507,7 @@ func (ls LineStyle) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (ls *LineStyle) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style: must be a string, one of `solid` or `dashed`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style: must be a string, one of `solid` or `dashed`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*ls = LineStyleSolid
@@ -504,7 +519,7 @@ func (ls *LineStyle) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*ls = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style %q: must be `solid` or `dashed`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid line style %q: must be `solid` or `dashed`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -534,7 +549,7 @@ func (fm FillMode) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 func (fm *FillMode) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode: must be a string, one of `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode: must be a string, one of `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*fm = FillModeSolid
@@ -546,7 +561,7 @@ func (fm *FillMode) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*fm = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode %q: must be `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid fill mode %q: must be `solid`, `gradient`, or `none`", v)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -593,12 +608,12 @@ func (p *PrecisionOption) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 			p.String = valuer.NewString(strconv.Itoa(n))
 			return nil
 		default:
-			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %d: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", n)
+			return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %d: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", n)
 		}
 	}
 	var v string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
-		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`")
+		return errors.WrapInvalidInputf(err, dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`")
 	}
 	if v == "" {
 		*p = PrecisionOption2
@@ -610,6 +625,6 @@ func (p *PrecisionOption) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 		*p = val
 		return nil
 	default:
-		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %q: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", v)
+		return errors.NewInvalidInputf(dashboardtypes.ErrCodeDashboardInvalidInput, "invalid precision option %q: must be `0`, `1`, `2`, `3`, `4`, or `full`", v)
 	}
 }

pkg/types/dashboardtypes/dashboardtypesv2/testdata/perses.json

@@ -76,11 +76,7 @@
                 "display": {
                     "name": "textboxvar"
                 },
-                "value": "defaultvaluegoeshere",
-                "plugin": {
-                    "kind": "signoz/TextboxVariable",
-                    "spec": {}
-                }
+                "value": "defaultvaluegoeshere"
             }
         }
     ],

pkg/types/tagtypes/store.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package tagtypes
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+)
+
+type Store interface {
+	List(ctx context.Context, orgID valuer.UUID) ([]*Tag, error)
+
+	// Create upserts the given tags and returns them with authoritative IDs.
+	// On conflict on (org_id, internal_name) — which happens only when a
+	// concurrent insert raced ours — the returned entry carries the existing
+	// row's ID rather than the pre-generated one in the input.
+	Create(ctx context.Context, tags []*Tag) ([]*Tag, error)
+
+	// CreateRelations inserts tag-entity relations. Conflicts on the composite primary key are ignored.
+	CreateRelations(ctx context.Context, relations []*TagRelation) error
+}

pkg/types/tagtypes/tag.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package tagtypes
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/types"
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/uptrace/bun"
+)
+
+const (
+	// separator users type in the display name (e.g. "team/blr").
+	HierarchySeparator = "/"
+
+	// separator used in internal_name. Different from HierarchySeparator
+	// because "/" is reserved by the access control layer.
+	InternalSeparator = "::"
+)
+
+var (
+	ErrCodeTagInvalidName = errors.MustNewCode("tag_invalid_name")
+	ErrCodeTagNotFound    = errors.MustNewCode("tag_not_found")
+)
+
+type Tag struct {
+	bun.BaseModel `bun:"table:tag,alias:tag"`
+
+	types.Identifiable
+	types.TimeAuditable
+	types.UserAuditable
+	Name         string      `json:"name" required:"true" bun:"name,type:text,notnull"`
+	InternalName string      `json:"internalName" required:"true" bun:"internal_name,type:text,notnull,unique:org_id_internal_name"`
+	OrgID        valuer.UUID `json:"orgId" required:"true" bun:"org_id,type:text,notnull,unique:org_id_internal_name"`
+}
+
+type PostableTag struct {
+	Name string `json:"name" required:"true"`
+}
+
+func NewTag(orgID valuer.UUID, name string, internalName string, createdBy string) *Tag {
+	now := time.Now()
+	return &Tag{
+		Identifiable: types.Identifiable{ID: valuer.GenerateUUID()},
+		TimeAuditable: types.TimeAuditable{
+			CreatedAt: now,
+			UpdatedAt: now,
+		},
+		UserAuditable: types.UserAuditable{
+			CreatedBy: createdBy,
+			UpdatedBy: createdBy,
+		},
+		Name:         name,
+		InternalName: internalName,
+		OrgID:        orgID,
+	}
+}
+
+// Resolve canonicalizes a batch of user-supplied tag names against the existing
+// tags for an org. Existing parent tags' casing is reused so that
+// "teams/blr/platform" inherits the "BLR" casing from a pre-existing
+// "teams/BLR". Inputs are deduped by internal name. Returns:
+//   - toCreate: new Tag rows the caller should insert (with pre-generated IDs)
+//   - matched: existing rows that the caller's input already pointed to. They
+//     already carry authoritative IDs from the store.
+func Resolve(ctx context.Context, store Store, orgID valuer.UUID, postable []PostableTag, createdBy string) ([]*Tag, []*Tag, error) {
+	if len(postable) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil, nil
+	}
+
+	existing, err := store.List(ctx, orgID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	internalNameToExistingTag := make(map[string]*Tag, len(existing))
+	for _, t := range existing {
+		internalNameToExistingTag[t.InternalName] = t
+	}
+
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(postable))
+	toCreate := make([]*Tag, 0)
+	matched := make([]*Tag, 0)
+
+	for _, p := range postable {
+		cleanedName, err := cleanupName(p.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		matchedName, matchedInternalName := matchCasingWithExistingTags(cleanedName, existing)
+		if _, dup := seen[matchedInternalName]; dup {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[matchedInternalName] = struct{}{}
+
+		if existingTag, ok := internalNameToExistingTag[matchedInternalName]; ok {
+			matched = append(matched, existingTag)
+			continue
+		}
+		toCreate = append(toCreate, NewTag(orgID, matchedName, matchedInternalName, createdBy))
+	}
+
+	return toCreate, matched, nil
+}
+
+func cleanupName(name string) (string, error) {
+	trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(name)
+	raw := strings.Split(trimmed, HierarchySeparator)
+	segments := make([]string, 0, len(raw))
+	for _, seg := range raw {
+		seg = strings.TrimSpace(seg)
+		if seg == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		segments = append(segments, seg)
+	}
+	if len(segments) == 0 {
+		return "", errors.Newf(errors.TypeInvalidInput, ErrCodeTagInvalidName, "tag name cannot be empty")
+	}
+
+	for _, seg := range segments {
+		if strings.Contains(seg, InternalSeparator) {
+			return "", errors.Newf(errors.TypeInvalidInput, ErrCodeTagInvalidName, "tag name segment %q cannot contain %q", seg, InternalSeparator)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return strings.Join(segments, HierarchySeparator), nil
+}
+
+func buildInternalName(cleanedName string) string {
+	return strings.ToLower(strings.ReplaceAll(cleanedName, HierarchySeparator, InternalSeparator))
+}
+
+// matchCasingWithExistingTags returns the display name and internal name to use for
+// a user-supplied tag, given the existing tags in the org. If an existing tag
+// has the same internal name, its display name (casing) is reused. If an
+// existing tag is a strict segment-prefix of the input, that prefix's casing
+// is reused for those segments and the remaining input segments are kept as
+// the user supplied them. Otherwise the input name is returned as-is.
+func matchCasingWithExistingTags(inputCleaned string, existing []*Tag) (canonicalName string, canonicalInternalName string) {
+	inputInternal := buildInternalName(inputCleaned)
+
+	var bestPrefix *Tag
+	bestPrefixLen := 0
+	for _, tag := range existing {
+		if tag.InternalName == inputInternal {
+			return tag.Name, tag.InternalName
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(inputInternal, tag.InternalName+InternalSeparator) {
+			if len(tag.InternalName) > bestPrefixLen {
+				bestPrefix = tag
+				bestPrefixLen = len(tag.InternalName)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if bestPrefix == nil {
+		return inputCleaned, inputInternal
+	}
+
+	prefixSegments := strings.Split(bestPrefix.Name, HierarchySeparator)
+	inputSegments := strings.Split(inputCleaned, HierarchySeparator)
+	canonicalSegments := append(prefixSegments, inputSegments[len(prefixSegments):]...)
+	canonical := strings.Join(canonicalSegments, HierarchySeparator)
+	return canonical, buildInternalName(canonical)
+}

pkg/types/tagtypes/tag_relation.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package tagtypes
+
+import (
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/uptrace/bun"
+)
+
+type EntityType struct{ valuer.String }
+
+func MustNewEntityType(name string) EntityType {
+	return EntityType{valuer.NewString(name)}
+}
+
+type TagRelation struct {
+	bun.BaseModel `bun:"table:tag_relations,alias:tag_relations"`
+
+	EntityType EntityType  `json:"entityType" required:"true" bun:"entity_type,type:text,notnull"`
+	EntityID   valuer.UUID `json:"entityId" required:"true" bun:"entity_id,pk,type:text,notnull"`
+	TagID      valuer.UUID `json:"tagId" required:"true" bun:"tag_id,pk,type:text,notnull"`
+	OrgID      valuer.UUID `json:"orgId" required:"true" bun:"org_id,type:text,notnull"`
+}
+
+func NewTagRelation(orgID valuer.UUID, entityType EntityType, entityID valuer.UUID, tagID valuer.UUID) *TagRelation {
+	return &TagRelation{
+		EntityType: entityType,
+		EntityID:   entityID,
+		TagID:      tagID,
+		OrgID:      orgID,
+	}
+}
+
+func NewTagRelations(orgID valuer.UUID, entityType EntityType, entityID valuer.UUID, tagIDs []valuer.UUID) []*TagRelation {
+	relations := make([]*TagRelation, 0, len(tagIDs))
+	for _, tagID := range tagIDs {
+		relations = append(relations, NewTagRelation(orgID, entityType, entityID, tagID))
+	}
+	return relations
+}

pkg/types/tagtypes/tag_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+package tagtypes
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/SigNoz/signoz/pkg/valuer"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestCleanupName(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		input     string
+		want      string
+		wantError bool
+	}{
+		{name: "single segment", input: "prod", want: "prod"},
+		{name: "two segments", input: "team/blr", want: "team/blr"},
+		{name: "three segments", input: "team/BLR/platform", want: "team/BLR/platform"},
+		{name: "leading whitespace", input: "  prod", want: "prod"},
+		{name: "trailing whitespace", input: "prod  ", want: "prod"},
+		{name: "leading separator", input: "/prod", want: "prod"},
+		{name: "trailing separator", input: "prod/", want: "prod"},
+		{name: "consecutive separators collapsed", input: "team//blr", want: "team/blr"},
+		{name: "many separators collapsed", input: "team///blr////platform", want: "team/blr/platform"},
+		{name: "whitespace within segments", input: "team/ blr ", want: "team/blr"},
+		{name: "empty rejected", input: "", wantError: true},
+		{name: "only whitespace rejected", input: "   ", wantError: true},
+		{name: "only separators rejected", input: "///", wantError: true},
+		{name: "internal separator rejected", input: "team/foo::bar", wantError: true},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := cleanupName(tc.input)
+			if tc.wantError {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				return
+			}
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildInternalName(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{input: "prod", want: "prod"},
+		{input: "Prod", want: "prod"},
+		{input: "team/BLR/platform", want: "team::blr::platform"},
+		{input: "TEAM/BLR", want: "team::blr"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.input, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.want, buildInternalName(tc.input))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMatchCasingWithExistingTags(t *testing.T) {
+	existing := []*Tag{
+		{Name: "team/BLR", InternalName: "team::blr"},
+		{Name: "team/BLR/Pulse", InternalName: "team::blr::pulse"},
+		{Name: "Database", InternalName: "database"},
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name             string
+		input            string
+		wantName         string
+		wantInternalName string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:             "exact match reuses casing",
+			input:            "team/blr",
+			wantName:         "team/BLR",
+			wantInternalName: "team::blr",
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "exact match reuses casing for deeper tag",
+			input:            "TEAM/blr/pulse",
+			wantName:         "team/BLR/Pulse",
+			wantInternalName: "team::blr::pulse",
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "prefix match reuses prefix casing and keeps remainder",
+			input:            "team/blr/platform",
+			wantName:         "team/BLR/platform",
+			wantInternalName: "team::blr::platform",
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "longest prefix wins",
+			input:            "team/blr/pulse/sub",
+			wantName:         "team/BLR/Pulse/sub",
+			wantInternalName: "team::blr::pulse::sub",
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "no match returns input as-is",
+			input:            "Brand-New/Tag",
+			wantName:         "Brand-New/Tag",
+			wantInternalName: "brand-new::tag",
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "single segment exact match",
+			input:            "DATABASE",
+			wantName:         "Database",
+			wantInternalName: "database",
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "input that shares text but not segment boundary is not a prefix match",
+			input:            "teams/blr",
+			wantName:         "teams/blr",
+			wantInternalName: "teams::blr",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			cleaned, err := cleanupName(tc.input)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			gotName, gotInternal := matchCasingWithExistingTags(cleaned, existing)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.wantName, gotName)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.wantInternalName, gotInternal)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMatchCasingWithExistingTags_NoTagsExist(t *testing.T) {
+	cleaned, err := cleanupName("Foo/Bar")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	name, internal := matchCasingWithExistingTags(cleaned, nil)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Foo/Bar", name)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo::bar", internal)
+}
+
+type fakeStore struct {
+	tags          []*Tag
+	listCallCount int
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) List(_ context.Context, _ valuer.UUID) ([]*Tag, error) {
+	f.listCallCount++
+	out := make([]*Tag, len(f.tags))
+	copy(out, f.tags)
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) Create(_ context.Context, tags []*Tag) ([]*Tag, error) {
+	return tags, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeStore) CreateRelations(_ context.Context, _ []*TagRelation) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestResolve(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty input does not hit store", func(t *testing.T) {
+		store := &fakeStore{}
+		toCreate, matched, err := Resolve(context.Background(), store, valuer.GenerateUUID(), nil, "u@signoz.io")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, toCreate)
+		assert.Empty(t, matched)
+		assert.Zero(t, store.listCallCount, "should not hit store when input is empty")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("creates missing tags and reuses existing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		orgID := valuer.GenerateUUID()
+		dbTag := NewTag(orgID, "team/BLR", "team::blr", "seed")
+		dbTag2 := NewTag(orgID, "Database", "database", "seed")
+		store := &fakeStore{tags: []*Tag{dbTag, dbTag2}}
+
+		toCreate, matched, err := Resolve(context.Background(), store, orgID, []PostableTag{
+			{Name: "team/blr/platform"},
+			{Name: "DATABASE"},
+			{Name: "Brand-New"},
+		}, "u@signoz.io")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		createdInternalNames := []string{}
+		createdNames := map[string]string{}
+		for _, tg := range toCreate {
+			createdInternalNames = append(createdInternalNames, tg.InternalName)
+			createdNames[tg.InternalName] = tg.Name
+		}
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"team::blr::platform", "brand-new"}, createdInternalNames,
+			"only the two missing tags should be returned for insertion")
+		assert.Equal(t, "team/BLR/platform", createdNames["team::blr::platform"], "should inherit casing from existing parent")
+		assert.Equal(t, "Brand-New", createdNames["brand-new"], "should keep input casing when no existing match")
+
+		require.Len(t, matched, 1, "DATABASE should hit the existing 'Database' tag")
+		assert.Same(t, dbTag2, matched[0], "matched should return the existing pointer with its authoritative ID")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("dedupes inputs that map to the same internal name", func(t *testing.T) {
+		orgID := valuer.GenerateUUID()
+		store := &fakeStore{}
+
+		toCreate, matched, err := Resolve(context.Background(), store, orgID, []PostableTag{
+			{Name: "Foo/Bar"},
+			{Name: "foo/bar"},
+			{Name: "FOO/BAR"},
+		}, "u@signoz.io")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		require.Empty(t, matched)
+		require.Len(t, toCreate, 1, "duplicate inputs must collapse into a single insert")
+		assert.Equal(t, "Foo/Bar", toCreate[0].Name)
+		assert.Equal(t, "foo::bar", toCreate[0].InternalName)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("propagates validation error from any input", func(t *testing.T) {
+		store := &fakeStore{}
+		_, _, err := Resolve(context.Background(), store, valuer.GenerateUUID(), []PostableTag{
+			{Name: "valid"},
+			{Name: ""},
+		}, "u@signoz.io")
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+}